Schistosomiasis

Schistosomiasis kamuwa da cuta ne tare da wani nau'in ƙwayar ƙwayar jini da ake kira schistosomes.

Kuna iya kamuwa da cutar schistosoma ta hanyar hulɗa da gurɓataccen ruwa. Wannan parasite yana yin yawo a bayyane cikin buɗaɗɗun sassan ruwa mai ɗanɗano.

Lokacin da cutar ta fara mu'amala da mutane, sai ta shiga fata ta girma zuwa wani mataki. Bayan haka, yana tafiya zuwa huhu da hanta, inda ya girma ya zama babban nau'in tsutsa.

Tsutsa mai girma sannan yayi tafiya zuwa ɓangaren jikin da yake so, gwargwadon nau'inta. Wadannan yankuna sun hada da:

• Mafitsara
• Mahaifa
• Hanji
• Hanta
• Jijiyoyin dake daukar jini daga hanjin zuwa hanta
• Saifa
• Huhu

Ba kasafai ake ganin Schistosomiasis a Amurka ba sai don matafiya masu dawowa ko wasu mutane daga wasu ƙasashe waɗanda ke da cutar kuma yanzu suna zaune a Amurka. Abu ne na yau da kullun a yawancin yankuna masu zafi da zafi a duniya.

Kwayar cutar ta bambanta da nau'ikan tsutsa da kuma kamuwa da cutar.

• Yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta na iya haifar da zazzaɓi, sanyi, kumburin lymph nodes, da kumburin hanta da baƙin ciki.
• Lokacin da tsutsotsi ya fara shiga cikin fata, yana iya haifar da kaikayi da kuma kumburi (ƙaiƙayi mai iyo). A wannan yanayin, schistosome ya lalace cikin fata.
• Alamomin hanji sun hada da ciwon ciki da gudawa (wanda ka iya zama jini).
• Alamomin fitsari na iya haɗawa da yawan yin fitsari, fitsari mai zafi, da jini a cikin fitsarin.

Mai ba da lafiyar ku zai bincika ku. Gwajin da za a iya yi sun hada da:

• Gwajin jikin mutum don bincika alamun kamuwa da cuta
• Biopsy na nama
• Kammala lissafin jini (CBC) don bincika alamun rashin jini
• Eosinophil yana ƙidaya don auna adadin wasu ƙwayoyin farin jini
• Gwajin aikin koda
• Gwajin aikin hanta
• Jarrabawar ɗakuna don neman ƙwai mai ƙwaya
• Fitsari don neman ƙwayayen ƙwai

Wannan kamuwa da cuta yawanci ana amfani dashi tare da miyagun ƙwayoyi praziquantel ko oxamniquine. Wannan yawanci ana bayar dashi tare da corticosteroids. Idan kamuwa da cutar tayi tsanani ko ta shafi kwakwalwa, za'a iya fara bayar da maganin corticosteroids.

Jiyya kafin gagarumar lalacewa ko rikitarwa mai tsanani yakan haifar da kyakkyawan sakamako.

Wadannan rikitarwa na iya faruwa:

• Ciwon daji na mafitsara
• Rashin ciwon koda
• Lalacewar hanta na yau da kullun da kuma kara girman ciki
• Ciwan hanji (babban hanji) kumburi
• Ciwan koda da mafitsara
• Hawan jini a jijiyoyin huhu (hauhawar jini)
• Maimaita cututtukan jini, idan ƙwayoyin cuta sun shiga cikin jini ta hanjin haushi
• Dama-gefe zuciya ta kasa
• Kamawa

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kun ci gaba bayyanar cututtuka na schistosomiasis, musamman ma idan kuna da:

• Yayi tafiya zuwa wani yanki mai zafi ko yanki mai zafi inda aka san akwai cutar
• Bayyanar da gurbataccen ruwan ko kuma gurbataccen ruwan

Bi waɗannan matakan don guje wa kamuwa da wannan cutar:

• Guji yin iyo ko wanka a gurbataccen ruwa ko kuma gurɓataccen ruwa.
• Guji jikin ruwa idan baku sani ba ko suna lafiya.

Katantanwa za su iya karɓar wannan ƙwayar cuta. Yin watsi da katantanwa a jikin ruwan da mutane ke amfani da shi na iya taimakawa rigakafin kamuwa da cuta.

Bilharzia; Zazzabin Katayama; Swimmer's ƙaiƙayi; Rashin jini; Zazzabin Katantanwa

• Swimmer's ƙaiƙayi
• Antibodies

Bogitsh BJ, Carter CE, Oeltmann TN. Jinin jini. A cikin: Bogitsh BJ, Carter CE, Oeltmann TN, eds. Ilimin ɗan adam. 5th ed. London, Birtaniya: Elsevier Academic Press; 2019: sura 11.

Carvalho EM, Lima AAM. Schistosomiasis (bilharziasis). A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 355.