Aspergillosis

Aspergillosis cuta ce ko amsawar rashin lafiyan saboda naman gwari aspergillus.

Aspergillosis yana haifar da naman gwari da ake kira aspergillus. Sau da yawa ana samun naman gwari yana girma akan matattun ganye, hatsi da aka adana, tarin takin, ko kuma a cikin wasu ciyayi masu lalacewa. Hakanan za'a iya samun sa akan ganyen wiwi.

Kodayake yawancin mutane galibi suna kamuwa da cutar aspergillus, cututtukan da naman gwari ke haifarwa ba kasafai ke faruwa ga mutanen da ke da tsarin rigakafin lafiya ba.

Akwai siffofin da yawa na aspergillosis:

• Ciwon huhu na huhu aspergillosis yana haifar da rashin lafiyan naman gwari. Wannan kamuwa da cutar yawanci yakan taso ne ga mutanen da tuni suka sami matsalar huhu kamar asma ko kuma cystic fibrosis.
• Aspergilloma ci gaba ne (ƙwallon naman gwari) wanda ke bunkasa a wani yanki na cutar huhu da ta gabata ko tabon huhu kamar tarin fuka ko ƙurar huhu.
• Yankunan huɗar huhu na aspergillosis babban haɗari ne da ciwon huhu. Zai iya yaduwa zuwa sauran sassan jiki. Wannan kamuwa da cutar tana faruwa galibi a cikin mutane masu rauni a garkuwar jiki. Wannan na iya kasancewa daga cutar kansa, kanjamau, cutar sankarar bargo, dasa sassan jikin mutum, chemotherapy, ko wasu yanayi ko kwayoyi wadanda suke rage lamba ko aikin farin jini ko raunana garkuwar jiki.

Kwayar cutar ta dogara da nau'in kamuwa da cutar.

Kwayar cututtukan cututtukan huhu na aspergillosis na iya haɗawa da:

• Tari
• Cikakken tari na jini ko matattarar gamsai masu duhu
• Zazzaɓi
• Jin ciwo na musamman (rashin lafiyar jiki)
• Hanzari
• Rage nauyi

Sauran cututtukan cututtuka sun dogara da ɓangaren jikin da abin ya shafa, kuma yana iya haɗawa da:

• Ciwon ƙashi
• Ciwon kirji
• Jin sanyi
• Rage fitowar fitsari
• Ciwon kai
• Productionara yawan samar da maniyyi, wanda na iya zama jini
• Rashin numfashi
• Ciwan fata (raunuka)
• Matsalar hangen nesa

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki kuma ya yi tambaya game da alamun.

Gwaje-gwajen don gano cutar aspergillus sun haɗa da:

• Gwajin anti-maganin aspergillus
• Kirjin x-ray
• Kammala lissafin jini
• CT dubawa
• Galactomannan (kwayar sikari da ake samu a wasu lokuta a cikin jini)
• Immunoglobulin E (IgE) matakin jini
• Gwajin aikin huhu
• Sputum tabo da al'adu don naman gwari (neman aspergillus)
• Kwayar halitta

Kullum ba a kula da kwallon naman gwari tare da magungunan antifungal sai dai idan jini ya zubo cikin huhun huhun. A irin wannan yanayi, ana buƙatar tiyata da magunguna.

Maganin yaduwar cutar aspergillosis ana bi da shi tare da makonni da yawa na maganin antifungal. Ana iya bayar da shi ta baki ko ta hanyar IV (a cikin jijiya). Cutar endocarditis da aspergillus ya haifar ana magance ta ta hanyar maye gurbin ƙwayoyin zuciya masu cutar. Hakanan ana buƙatar magungunan antifungal na dogon lokaci.

Ana maganin aspergillosis na rashin lafiyan tare da magungunan da ke dankwafar da garkuwar jiki (magungunan rigakafi), kamar prednisone.

Tare da magani, mutanen da ke fama da cutar aspergillosis yawanci sukan sami sauƙi a kan lokaci. Abu ne sananne ga cutar ta dawo (sake dawowa) kuma suna buƙatar maimaita magani.

Idan ɓacin rai aspergillosis bai sami sauƙi ba tare da maganin ƙwayoyi, ƙarshe yana haifar da mutuwa. Hangen nesa ga kamuwa da cutar aspergillosis kuma ya dogara da cutar da ke cikin mutum da lafiyar garkuwar jiki.

Matsalar kiwon lafiya daga cutar ko magani sun haɗa da:

• Amphotericin B na iya haifar da lalacewar koda da kuma illa mara kyau kamar zazzabi da sanyi
• Bronchiectasis (tabo na dindindin da kara girman ƙananan jaka a cikin huhu)
• Cututtukan huhu mai saurin yaduwa na iya haifar da zubar jini mai yawa daga huhun
• Matsanancin hanci
• Tushewar hanyar jirgin sama na dindindin
• Rashin numfashi

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kun sami alamun aspergillosis ko kuma idan kuna da rauni da garkuwar jiki da cutar zazzabi.

Yakamata a kiyaye yayin amfani da magungunan da ke danne garkuwar jiki.

Cutar aspergillus

• Aspergilloma
• Ciwon huhu na huhu
• Aspergillosis - kirjin x-ray

Patterson TF. Aspergillus nau'in. A cikin: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, da Bennett's Ka'idoji da Aiki na Cututtuka masu Cutar, Updatedaukaka Sabunta. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: babi na 259.

Walsh TJ. Aspergillosis. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 25th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 339.