Numfashi - ya ragu ko ya tsaya

Numfashi da ke tsayawa daga kowane dalili ana kiransa apnea. Sannu a hankali ana kiransa bradypnea. Anyi wahalar aiki ko wahalar numfashi kamar dyspnea.

Apne na iya zuwa ya tafi ya zama na ɗan lokaci. Wannan na iya faruwa tare da matsalar hana bacci, misali.

Cutar dogon lokaci na nufin mutum ya daina numfashi. Idan zuciya har yanzu tana aiki, ana sanin yanayin da kamawar numfashi. Wannan lamari ne mai barazanar rai wanda ke buƙatar kulawa da gaggawa da agaji na farko.

Dogon lokacin cutar apnea ba tare da aikin zuciya ba a cikin mutumin da ba ya amsawa ana kiransa kama (ko bugun zuciya). A cikin jarirai da yara, mafi yawan abin da ke haifar da kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya shine kamawar numfashi. A cikin manya, akasin haka yakan faru, kamawar zuciya yana haifar da kamuwa da numfashi.

Matsalar numfashi na iya faruwa saboda dalilai da yawa. A mafi yawan lokuta, dalilan da suka fi haifar da cutar apnea a cikin jarirai da ƙananan yara sun bambanta da sanadin da ke faruwa ga manya.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da wahalar numfashi a jarirai da ƙananan yara sun haɗa da:

• Asthma
• Bronchiolitis (kumburi da ƙuntataccen ƙananan hanyoyin numfashi a cikin huhu)
• Chokewa
• Encephalitis (kumburin kwakwalwa da kamuwa da cuta wanda ke shafar mahimman ayyukan kwakwalwa)
• Gastroesophageal reflux (ƙwanna zuciya)
• Riƙe numfashin mutum
• Cutar sankarau (kumburi da kamuwa da nama da ke rufe kwakwalwa da laka)
• Namoniya
• Haihuwar da wuri
• Kamawa

Abubuwan da ke haifar da matsalar numfashi (dyspnea) a cikin manya sun haɗa da:

• Rashin lafiyan da ke haifar da harshe, maƙogwaro, ko sauran kumburin hanyar iska
• Asthma ko wasu cututtukan huhu
• Kamun zuciya
• Chokewa
• Overara yawan ƙwayoyi, musamman saboda maye, masu ba da magani mai ƙyama, barbiturates, maganin sa maye, da sauran masu baƙin ciki
• Ruwa a cikin huhu
• Barcin barcin mai cutarwa

Sauran abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar sun hada da:

• Raunin kai ko rauni a wuya, baki, da maƙogwaro (akwatin murya)
• Ciwon zuciya
• Bugun zuciya mara tsari
• Rashin rayuwa (sinadaran jiki, ma'adinai, da asid-base) cuta
• Kusa da nutsuwa
• Bugun jini da sauran kwakwalwa da rikicewar jijiyoyi (neurological)
• Rauni ga bangon kirji, zuciya, ko huhu
  

Nemi agaji na gaggawa ko kira lambar gaggawa ta gida (kamar 911) idan mutum yana da kowace irin matsalar numfashi:

• Ya zama ɗingishi
• Yana da kamawa
• Ba faɗakarwa ba (ya rasa sani)
• Bacci ya ci gaba
• Ya juya shuɗi

Idan mutum ya daina numfashi, kira don taimakon gaggawa kuma yi CPR (idan kun san ta yaya). Lokacin cikin wurin jama'a, nemi defibrillator na waje mai sarrafa kansa (AED) kuma bi kwatance.

Za a yi CPR ko wasu matakan gaggawa a cikin ɗakin gaggawa ko kuma ta hanyar likitancin gaggawa na gaggawa (EMT) ko paramedic.

Da zarar mutum ya daidaita, mai ba da kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki, wanda ya haɗa da sauraron sautunan zuciya da sautukan numfashi.

Za a yi tambayoyi game da tarihin lafiyar mutum da alamun cutar, gami da:

LOKACIN BAYANI

• Shin wannan ya taɓa faruwa a baya?
• Har yaushe taron ya wuce?
• Shin mutumin ya maimaita, taƙaitaccen lokuttan apne?
• Shin lamarin ya ƙare da kwatsam, numfashi mai daɗi?
• Shin lamarin ya faru yayin farkawa ko barci?

BAYANAN TARIHIN LAFIYA

• Shin mutumin ya sami hatsari ko rauni a kwanan nan?
• Shin mutumin ba shi da lafiya kwanan nan?
• Shin akwai wata matsala ta numfashi kafin numfashin ya tsaya?
• Waɗanne alamun bayyanar kun lura?
• Wadanne magunguna mutum yake sha?
• Shin mutumin yana amfani da titi ko magungunan nishaɗi?

Gwajin gwaji da jiyya da za'a iya yi sun haɗa da:

• Taimakon Airway, gami da oxygen, bututun numfashi ta cikin baki (intubation), da kuma injin numfashi (mai saka iska)
• Gwajin jini da fitsari
• Kirjin kirji
• Kirjin x-ray
• CT dubawa
• Defibrillation (girgiza lantarki zuwa zuciya)
  
• ECG (lantarki, ko gano zuciya)
• Ruwaye-shaye ta jijiya (ta jijiyoyin wuya ko ta IV)
• Magunguna don magance alamomi, gami da maganin guba don kawar da tasirin guba ko yawan abin sama

Numfashi ya ragu ko ya tsaya; Ba numfashi; Kama numfashi; Apne

Kelly AM Gaggawa na numfashi. A cikin: Cameron P, Jelinek G, Kelly AM, Brown A, Little M, eds. Littafin rubutu na Magungunan gaggawa na Balagaggu. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2015: babi na 6.

Kurz MC, Neumar RW. Rayar da manya. A cikin: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Magungunan gaggawa na Rosen: Ka'idoji da Aikin Gwajin Asibiti. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 8.

Roosevelt GE. Gaggawa na numfashi na yara: cututtuka na huhu. A cikin: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Magungunan gaggawa na Rosen: Ka'idoji da Aikin Gwajin Asibiti. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 169.