Cutar kwakwalwa

Cutar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa. Thewaƙwalwar tana buƙatar wadataccen iskar oxygen da abubuwan gina jiki don aiki.

Cutar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa tana shafar mafi girman ɓangarorin ƙwaƙwalwar, wanda ake kira ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa. Koyaya, ana amfani da kalmar sau da yawa don nufin rashin isashshen oxygen a cikin kwakwalwar duka.

A cikin hypoxia na kwakwalwa, wani lokacin sai iskar oxygen kawai ake katsewa. Wannan na iya haifar da:

• Numfashi a cikin hayaƙi (shakar hayaƙi), kamar lokacin wuta
• Guba ta iskar carbon monoxide
• Chokewa
• Cututtukan da ke hana motsi (inna) na tsokar numfashi, kamar su amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
• Tsayi mai tsayi
• Matsin lamba akan (matsi) bututun iska (trachea)
• Canzawa

A wasu lokuta, an dakatar da iskar oxygen da wadataccen abinci, wanda ya haifar da:

• Kamun zuciya (lokacin da zuciya ta daina yin famfo)
• Cardiac arrhythmia (matsalolin rikicewar zuciya)
• Matsalolin cutar sa kai tsaye
• Nutsuwa
• Yawan shan kwayoyi
• Raunin da aka yi wa jariri wanda ya faru kafin, yayin, ko kuma ba da daɗewa ba bayan haihuwarsa, kamar cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa
• Buguwa
• Rawan jini sosai

Kwayoyin kwakwalwa suna da matukar damuwa ga rashin isashshen oxygen. Wasu kwayoyin kwakwalwa suna fara mutuwa kasa da mintuna 5 bayan iskar oxygen dinsu ta bace. A sakamakon haka, hypoxia na kwakwalwa na iya haifar da mummunar lalacewar kwakwalwa ko mutuwa.

Kwayar cutar hypoxia mai saurin rauni sun hada da:

• Canja cikin hankali (rashin kulawa)
• Rashin yanke hukunci
• Movementungiyar mara daidaituwa

Kwayar cututtukan cututtukan kwakwalwa da yawa sun hada da:

• Cikakken rashin sani da rashin amsawa (coma)
• Babu numfashi
• Babu amsar ɗaliban ido zuwa haske

Ana iya bincikar cutar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa. Ana yin gwaje-gwaje don ƙayyade dalilin hypoxia, kuma yana iya haɗawa da:

• Angiogram na kwakwalwa
• Gwajin jini, gami da iskar gas da jijiyoyin jini da matakan sinadaran jini
• CT scan na kai
• Echocardiogram, wanda ke amfani da duban dan tayi don duba zuciya
• Electrocardiogram (ECG), aunawar aikin lantarki na zuciya
• Electroencephalogram (EEG), gwajin raƙuman ruwa na kwakwalwa wanda zai iya gano kamuwa da kuma nuna yadda ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa suke aiki
• Hanyoyin da aka zana, gwajin da ke tantance ko wasu abubuwan jin dadi, kamar hangen nesa da taɓawa, sun isa kwakwalwa
• Hoto na maganadisu (MRI) na kai

Idan kawai hawan jini da aikin zuciya suka kasance, kwakwalwa na iya mutuwa gaba daya.

Cerebral hypoxia wani yanayi ne na gaggawa da ake buƙatar kulawarsa kai tsaye. Da zarar an dawo da isashshen oxygen a cikin kwakwalwa, ƙananan haɗarin lalacewar ƙwaƙwalwa mai ƙarfi da mutuwa.

Jiyya ya dogara da dalilin hypoxia. Tallafin rayuwa na asali shine mafi mahimmanci. Jiyya ya shafi:

• Taimakon numfashi (samun iska ta inji) da oxygen
• Kula da bugun zuciya da kuma kari
• Ruwan ruwa, kayan jini, ko magunguna don tada hawan jini idan yayi kasa
• Magunguna ko maganin rigakafi don kwantar da kamuwa

Wani lokaci mutum mai fama da cutar hypoxia yana sanyaya don rage ayyukan ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa da rage buƙatarsu ta iskar oxygen. Koyaya, fa'idar wannan maganin ba ta tabbata ba.

Hangen nesa ya dogara da girman raunin ƙwaƙwalwa. Ana tantance wannan ta tsawon lokacin da kwakwalwa ta rasa oxygen, kuma ko abinci mai gina jiki ga kwakwalwa ya shafa.

Idan kwakwalwa ba ta da isashshen oxygen a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, to mawuyacin hali zai iya canzawa kuma mutum na iya samun cikakken aiki ko rabin aiki. Wasu mutane suna farfaɗo da ayyuka da yawa, amma suna da motsi mara kyau, kamar karkarwa ko juz'i, wanda ake kira myoclonus. Kamewa na iya faruwa wani lokaci, kuma yana iya zama mai ci gaba (status epilepticus).

Yawancin mutane da ke yin cikakken murmurewa ba su da ɗan gajeren lokaci. Tsawon lokacin da mutum bai sani ba, mafi girman haɗarin mutuwa ko mutuwar ƙwaƙwalwa, da ƙananan damar warkewa.

Matsalolin hypoxia na kwakwalwa sun hada da yanayin ciyayi mai tsawo. Wannan yana nufin mutum na iya samun ayyukan rayuwa na yau da kullun, kamar numfashi, hawan jini, sakewar bacci, da buɗe ido, amma mutum bai kasance mai faɗakarwa ba kuma baya amsa abubuwan da ke kewaye da shi. Irin waɗannan mutane galibi suna mutuwa cikin shekara guda, kodayake wasu na iya rayuwa fiye da haka.

Tsawon rayuwa ya dogara ne kan yadda ake kulawa don kiyaye wasu matsaloli. Babban rikitarwa na iya haɗawa da:

• Ciwon gado
• Makirci a cikin jijiyoyi (zurfin jijiyoyin jini thrombosis)
• Cututtukan huhu (ciwon huhu)
• Rashin abinci mai gina jiki

Cutar kwakwalwa ta hanzari na gaggawa ne. Kira 911 ko lambar gaggawa na cikin gida nan da nan idan wani ya rasa hankalinsa ko kuma yana da wasu alamun alamun cutar hypoxia.

Rigakafin ya dogara da takamaiman dalilin hypoxia. Abun takaici, hypoxia yawanci ba zato bane. Wannan yana sa yanayin ɗan wahalar hanawa.

Tashin zuciya (CPR) na iya ceton rai, musamman idan aka fara shi nan da nan.

Magungunan hypo; Ciwan rashin ciwo

Gug JE, Wijdicks EFM. Magungunan rashin lafiya-ischemic. A cikin: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology a cikin Clinical Practice. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: babi na 83.

Greer DM, Bernat JL. Coma, yanayin ciyayi, da mutuwar kwakwalwa. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 376.

Lumb AB, Thomas C. Hypoxia. A cikin: Lumb AB, Thomas C, ed. Nunn da Lumb ta Aiwatar da Magungunan Ilimin Hoto. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: babi na 23.