Allon toxicology

Allon toxicology yana nufin gwaje-gwaje iri-iri waɗanda ke ƙayyade nau'in da kusan adadin magungunan doka da na doka da mutum ya sha.

Mafi yawan lokuta ana yin binciken cutarwa ta hanyar amfani da jini ko fitsarin jini. Koyaya, ana iya yinta jim kaɗan bayan mutum ya haɗiye maganin, ta amfani da kayan ciki waɗanda aka ɗauke ta cikin lavage na ciki (famfowar ciki) ko bayan amai.

Ba a buƙatar shiri na musamman. Idan zaka iya, ka gayawa maikatan lafiya wadanne magunguna (gami da magunguna marasa kyau) da ka sha, ciki harda lokacin da ka sha su da kuma yawan shan ka.

Wannan gwajin wani lokacin wani ɓangare ne na bincike don amfani da ƙwayoyi ko zagi. Mayila za a buƙaci yarda na musamman, sarrafawa da lakabin samfura, ko wasu hanyoyin.

Gwajin jini:

Lokacin da aka saka allurar don jan jini, wasu mutane suna jin zafi na matsakaici, yayin da wasu kawai jin ƙyafi ne ko jin zafi. Bayan haka, ana iya samun wasu buguwa.

Fitsarin gwaji:

Gwajin fitsari ya shafi fitsari na al'ada. Babu rashin jin daɗi.

Ana yin wannan gwajin sau da yawa a cikin yanayin likita na gaggawa. Ana iya amfani dashi don kimanta yuwuwar wuce gona da iri da gangan ko ƙari mai guba. Yana iya taimakawa wajen gano musabbabin cutar ƙarancin ƙwayoyi, sa ido kan dogaro da ƙwayoyi, da ƙayyade kasancewar abubuwa a cikin jiki don dalilai na likita ko na doka.

Reasonsarin dalilan da za a iya gwada gwajin sun haɗa da:

• Shaye-shaye
• Yanayin shan barasa
• Canjin yanayin tunani
• Anphgesat nephropathy (guba koda)
• Rikitaccen rikodin giya (delirium tremens)
• Delirium
• Rashin hankali
• Kula da shan miyagun kwayoyi
• Ciwon barasa tayi
• Yawan ganganci
• Kamawa
• Shanyewar jiki sakamakon amfani da hodar iblis
• Zargin jima'i
• Rashin sani

Idan ana amfani da gwajin azaman allon magani, dole ne ayi shi a cikin wani tsawan lokaci bayan an sha maganin, ko kuma yayin da ake iya gano nau'ikan maganin a jiki. Misalan suna ƙasa:

• Barasa: 3 zuwa 10 awanni
• Amfetamines: 24 zuwa 48 hours
• Barbiturates: har zuwa makonni 6
• Benzodiazepines: har zuwa makonni 6 tare da amfani mai ƙarfi
• Cocaine: kwana 2 zuwa 4; har zuwa kwanaki 10 zuwa 22 tare da amfani mai nauyi
• Codeine: 1 zuwa 2 kwanaki
• Heroin: kwana 1 zuwa 2
• Hydromorphone: kwana 1 zuwa 2
• Methadone: 2 zuwa 3 kwanaki
• Morphine: 1 zuwa 2 kwanaki
• Phencyclidine (PCP): 1 zuwa kwanaki 8
• Propoxyphene: 6 zuwa 48 hours
• Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC): makonni 6 zuwa 11 tare da amfani mai nauyi

Jerin ƙimar yau da kullun don kan-kanti ko magungunan likitanci na iya bambanta kaɗan tsakanin dakunan gwaje-gwaje daban-daban. Yi magana da mai baka game da ma'anar takamaiman sakamakon gwajin ka.

Negativeima mara kyau galibi yana nufin cewa giya, magungunan likitanci waɗanda ba a ba su odar ba, da magungunan haramtacce ba a gano su ba.

Allon toxicology allon zai iya ƙayyade kasancewar da matakin (adadin) na magani a jikinku.

Sakamakon samfurin fitsari galibi ana bayar da rahoto kamar tabbatacce (an samo abu) ko mara kyau (ba a sami abu ba).

Matsakaicin matakan giya ko magungunan ƙwayoyi na iya zama alama ta ganganci ko buguwa ta haɗari ko ƙari fiye da kima.

Kasancewar akwai haramtattun magunguna ko magungunan da ba a ba wa mutum magani ba yana nuna haramtaccen amfani da miyagun ƙwayoyi.

Wasu takaddun sharia da kuma kan magunguna na iya hulɗa da sinadaran gwaji da sakamakon ƙarya cikin gwajin fitsari. Mai ba ku sabis zai san da wannan yiwuwar.

Hadarin da ke tattare da daukewar jini kadan ne amma na iya hada da:

• Zub da jini mai yawa
• Sumewa ko jin an sassauta kai
• Hematoma (jini yana taruwa a ƙarƙashin fata)
• Kamuwa (ƙananan haɗari kowane lokaci fata ta karye)

Abubuwan da za'a iya ganowa akan allon toxicology sun haɗa da:

• Alcohol (ethanol) - "sha" giya
• Amfetamines
• Magungunan Magunguna
• Barbiturates da hypnotics
• Benzodiazepines
• Hodar iblis
• Flunitrazepam (Rohypnol)
• Gamma hydroxybutyrate (GHB)
• Marijuana
• Narcotics
• Magungunan ciwo marasa narcotic, gami da acetaminophen da magungunan anti-inflammatory
• Phencyclidine (PCP)
• Phenothiazines (maganin ƙwaƙwalwa ko magungunan kwantar da hankali)
• Magungunan likita, kowane nau'i

Barbiturates - allon; Benzodiazepines - allon; Amfetamines - allon; Analgesics - allon; Magungunan Antide - allon; Narcotics - allon; Phenothiazines - allon; Allon shan miyagun kwayoyi; Gwajin shan barasa

• Gwajin jini

Langman LJ, Bechtel LK, Meier BM, Holstege C. Magungunan toxicology na Clinical. A cikin: Rifai N, ed. Littafin Tietz na Chemistry da Clinic Diagnostics. Na 6 ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 41.

Minns AB, Clark RF. Zaman abubuwa. A cikin: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Magungunan gaggawa na Rosen: Ka'idoji da Aikin Gwajin Asibiti. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 140.

Mofenson HC, Caraccio TR, McGuigan M, Greensher J. Magungunan toxicology. A cikin: Kellerman RD, Rakel DP, eds. Conn's Far Far na yanzu 2019. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019; 1273-1325.

Pincus MR, Bluth MH, Ibrahim NZ. Toxicology da kuma kula da maganin warkewa. A cikin: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Hanyoyin Laboratory. 23 ga ed. St Louis, MO: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 23.