Gwajin ƙarfin ma'adinai na ƙashi

Gwajin ma'adinan ƙashi (BMD) yana auna yawan alli da sauran nau'ikan ma'adanai a cikin yankin ƙashin ku.

Wannan gwajin yana taimaka wa mai ba da lafiyar ku gano osteoporosis kuma ya hango haɗarinku ga ɓarkewar kashi.

Ana iya yin ƙimar ƙwan ƙashi ta hanyoyi da yawa.

Hanya mafi dacewa kuma madaidaiciya tana amfani da hoton ɗ-x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). DEXA yana amfani da ƙananan ƙwayoyin x-ray. (Kuna karɓar ƙarin radiation daga x-ray na kirji.)

Akwai nau'ikan sikanin DEXA iri biyu:

• Central DEXA - Kuna kwance akan tebur mai laushi. Mai daukar hotan takardu ya wuce ta kashin bayan ku da kuma cinyar ku A mafi yawan lokuta, ba kwa buƙatar ɓoyi. Wannan hoton shine mafi kyawun gwaji don hango hangen nesa game da ɓarna, musamman na ƙugu.
• DEXA na gefe (p-DEXA) - Waɗannan ƙananan injunan suna auna girman ƙashi a wuyan hannu, yatsun hannu, ƙafa, ko diddige. Waɗannan injunan suna cikin ofisoshin kiwon lafiya, shagunan sayar da magani, cibiyoyin cin kasuwa, da a wuraren kiwon lafiya.

Idan kun kasance ko za ku iya yin juna biyu, ku gaya wa mai ba ku sabis kafin a yi wannan gwajin.

KADA KA ɗauki karin ƙwayoyin calcium na awoyi 24 kafin gwajin.

Za a gaya maka ka cire duk kayan ƙarfe daga jikinka, kamar kayan ado da ƙyalli.

A scan ne m. Kuna buƙatar zama a tsaye yayin gwajin.

Ana amfani da gwaje-gwajen ƙananan ƙashi (BMD) don:

• Binciko asarar kashi da osteoporosis
• Duba yadda maganin osteoporosis ke aiki
• Yi la'akari da haɗarinku don ɓarkewar kashin gaba

Ana bada shawarar gwajin ƙashi ga duk mata masu shekaru 65 zuwa sama.

Babu cikakkiyar yarjejeniya kan ko ya kamata maza suyi irin wannan gwajin. Wasu kungiyoyi sun ba da shawarar a gwada maza a shekara 70, yayin da wasu kuma suka ce shaidar ba ta isa ta bayyana ko maza a wannan shekarun suna cin gajiyar binciken ba.

Ananan mata, da maza na kowane zamani, na iya buƙatar gwajin ƙashin kashi idan suna da abubuwan haɗari na osteoporosis. Wadannan abubuwan haɗarin sun haɗa da:

• Rushewar kashi bayan shekaru 50
• Historyarfin tarihin iyali na osteoporosis
• Tarihin magani don cutar sankarar mahaifa ko kansar mama
• Tarihin yanayin kiwon lafiya kamar su cututtukan zuciya na rheumatoid, ciwon sukari, rashin daidaito na thyroid, ko anorexia nervosa
• Sauke al'ada da wuri (ko dai daga sanadin yanayi ko rashin lafiyar mahaifa)
• Amfani da magunguna na dogon lokaci kamar su corticosteroids, hormone thyroid, ko masu hana aromatase
• Weightananan nauyin jiki (ƙasa da fam 127) ko ƙididdigar ƙananan jiki (ƙasa da 21)
• Babban rashi na tsawo
• Taba tsawon lokaci ko yawan shan giya

Sakamakon gwajin ku yawanci ana bayar da rahoton azaman T-score da Z-score:

• T-score yana kwatanta ƙashin ƙashinku da na mace budurwa mai lafiya.
• Z-score yana kwatanta ƙashin ƙashinku da na sauran mutanen zamaninku, jinsi, da launin fata.

Tare da kowane maki, lambar mara kyau tana nufin kuna da ƙananan ƙasusuwa fiye da matsakaita. Morearin mummunan lambar, mafi girman haɗarinku ga raunin ƙashi.

T-score yana cikin kewayon al'ada idan ya kasance -1.0 ko sama.

Gwajin ƙarfin ma'adinai ba ya tantance ɓarkewar rauni. Tare da wasu abubuwan haɗarin da zaku iya samu, yana taimakawa hango hangen nesa game da raunin ƙashi a nan gaba. Mai ba ku sabis zai taimaka muku fahimtar sakamakon.

Idan T-score dinku shine:

• Tsakanin -1 da -2.5, zaka iya samun rashi da wuri (osteopenia)
• A ƙasa -2.5, mai yiwuwa kuna da osteoporosis

Shawarwarin magani ya dogara da haɗarin ɓarkewar duka. Ana iya lissafin wannan haɗarin ta amfani da ƙimar FRAX. Mai ba ku sabis zai iya gaya muku ƙarin bayani game da wannan. Hakanan zaka iya samun bayanai game da FRAX akan layi.

Mineralarfin ma'adinai na ƙashi yana amfani da ƙananan adadin radiation. Yawancin masana suna jin cewa haɗarin yana da ƙasa kaɗan idan aka kwatanta da fa'idar gano kasusuwa kafin ka fasa kashi.

BMD gwajin; Gwajin ƙarfin ƙashi; Tsarin ƙafa; Binciken DEXA; DXA; D-makamashi x-ray absorptiometry; p-DEXA; Osteoporosis - BMD; Dual x-ray absorptiometry

• Densityaƙƙarwar ƙimar ƙashi
• Osteoporosis
• Osteoporosis

Compston JE, McClung MR, Leslie WD. Osteoporosis. Lancet. 2019; 393 (10169): 364-376. PMID: 30696576 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30696576/.

Kendler D, Almohaya M, Almehthel M. Dual x-ray absorptiometry da auna kashi. A cikin: Hochberg MC, Gravallese EM, Silman AJ, Smolen JS, Weinblatt ME, Weisman MH, eds. Rheumatology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 51.

Tasungiyar Ayyuka na Rigakafin Amurka; Curry SJ, Krist AH, Owens DK, et al. Nunawa don osteoporosis don hana ɓarkewa: Sanarwar shawarar Tasungiyar Servicesungiyar Ayyuka ta Rigakafin Amurka. JAMA. 2018; 319 (24): 2521-2531. PMID: 29946735 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29946735/.

Weber TJ. Osteoporosis. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 230.