Pneumothorax - jarirai

Pneumothorax shine tarin iska ko gas a sararin samaniya a cikin huhu. Wannan yana haifar da rushewar huhu.

Wannan labarin yana tattauna cutar pneumothorax a jarirai.

Ciwon pneumothorax yana faruwa lokacin da wasu ƙananan sacs na iska (alveoli) a cikin huhun jariri sun zama ɓatattu da fashewa. Wannan yana sa iska ya malala zuwa cikin tsakanin tsakanin huhun huhu da kirji (pleural space).

Babban sanadin cutar pneumothorax shine cututtukan damuwa na numfashi. Wannan yanayin ne da ke faruwa a jariran da aka haifa da wuri (wanda bai kai ba).

• Huhurar jariri ba ta da abu mai santsi (mai ba da labari) wanda ke taimaka musu a buɗe (kumbura) Sabili da haka, ƙananan jakar iska ba sa iya faɗaɗawa cikin sauƙi.
• Idan jariri yana buƙatar injin numfashi (mai amfani da iska), ƙarin matsi akan huhun jariri, daga inji wani lokaci zai iya fashe buhun iskar.

Ciwon fata na Meconium shine wani dalilin pneumothorax a jarirai.

• Kafin ko lokacin haihuwa, jariri na iya numfashi a farkon hanjin farko, wanda ake kira meconium. Wannan na iya toshe hanyoyin iska da haifar da matsalar numfashi.

Sauran dalilan sun hada da ciwon huhu (kamuwa da huhu) ko ƙwayar huhu da ba ta ci gaba ba.

Mafi ƙarancin, jariri mai ƙoshin lafiya yana iya haifar da zubar iska lokacin da ya ɗauki numfashi na farko bayan haihuwa. Wannan na faruwa ne saboda matsi da ake buƙata don faɗaɗa huhu a karon farko. Akwai wasu dalilai na kwayar halitta wadanda suke haifar da wannan matsalar.

Yaran da yawa da ke fama da cutar pneumothorax ba su da alamomi. Lokacin da bayyanar cututtuka ta faru, zasu iya haɗawa da:

• Launin fata na Bluish (cyanosis)
• Saurin numfashi
• Haskewar hancin
• Yin gurnani tare da numfashi
• Rashin fushi
• Rashin natsuwa
• Amfani da sauran kirji da tsokoki na ciki don taimakawa numfashi (retractions)

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya na iya samun matsalar jin sautin numfashi lokacin sauraron huhun jariri tare da stethoscope. Zuciyar ko sautin huhu na iya zama kamar suna fitowa daga wani ɓangare na kirji fiye da yadda yake.

Gwaje-gwaje don pneumothorax sun hada da:

• Kirjin x-ray
• Bincike mai haske wanda aka sanya akan kirjin jaririn, wanda kuma aka fi sani da "transillumination" (aljihun iska zasu bayyana a matsayin yankuna masu haske)

Jarirai ba tare da alamomi ba na iya buƙatar magani. Careungiyar kiwon lafiya za ta kula da numfashin jaririn, bugun zuciya, matakin oxygen, da launin fata. Za a bayar da ƙarin oxygen idan an buƙata.

Idan jaririnka yana fama da alamomi, mai bayarwa zai sanya allura ko siraran siraran da ake kira catheter a cikin kirjin jaririn don cire iska da ta malala a cikin sararin kirjin.

Tunda magani zai kuma dogara ne da lamuran huhu wanda ya haifar da cutar pneumothorax, zai iya ɗaukar kwanaki zuwa makonni.

Wasu kwararan iska zasu tafi cikin yan kwanaki ba tare da magani ba. Yaran da aka cire iska ta hanyar allura ko catheter galibi suna yin kyau bayan jiyya idan babu wasu matsalolin huhu.

Yayinda iska ke tashi a kirjin, yana iya tura zuciyar zuwa dayan bangaren kirjin. Wannan yana sanya matsi akan duka huhun da bai fadi ba da zuciya. Wannan yanayin ana kiransa tashin hankali pneumothorax. Yana da gaggawa na gaggawa. Zai iya shafar aikin zuciya da huhu.

Ciwon pneumothorax galibi ana gano shi jim kaɗan bayan haihuwa. Kirawo mai ba da sabis idan jaririnku yana da alamun cutar pneumothorax.

Masu ba da sabis a cikin babban kulawar kulawa mai karfi (NICU) ya kamata su kula da jaririn a hankali don alamun iska.

Zubar iska na huhu; Pneumothorax - jariri

• Pneumothorax

Crowley MA. Rashin lafiyar numfashi na jarirai. A cikin: Martin RJ, Fanaroff AA, Walsh MC, eds. Fanaroff da Martin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2020: babi na 66.

Haske RW, Lee GL. Pneumothorax, chylothorax, hemothorax, da fibrothorax. A cikin: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, eds. Littafin rubutu na Murray da Nadel na Magungunan numfashi. Na 6 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 81.

Winnie GB, Haider SK, Vemana AP, Lossef SV. Pneumothorax. A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 439.