Bakin baka sau biyu

Bugawar baka sau biyu wani abu ne da ba shi da kyau na haifarda aorta, babban jijiyar da ke ɗaukar jini daga zuciya zuwa sauran jiki. Matsala ce ta haifuwa, wanda ke nufin yana kasancewa a lokacin haihuwa.

Bakin baka sau biyu wani nau'i ne na rukuni na lahani wanda ya shafi ci gaban aorta a cikin mahaifar. Wadannan lahani suna haifar da mummunan tsari wanda ake kira zoben jijiyoyin jini (da'irar jijiyoyin jini).

A yadda aka saba, aorta yana tasowa daga ɗayan ɓangaren nama da yawa (baka). Yayinda jarirai ke bunkasa a cikin mahaifar, sai bakan ya kasu zuwa sassa da yawa. Jiki yana fasa wasu baka, wasu kuma su zama jijiyoyi. Aorta mai haɓaka al'ada baka ce guda ɗaya wacce ta bar zuciya ta kewaya zuwa hagu.

A cikin baka mai baka biyu, wasu bakunan da yakamata su ɓace har yanzu suna wurin haihuwa ban da madaidaiciyar baka. Jarirai masu baka baka biyu suna da aorta wanda ya kunshi jirgi biyu maimakon ɗaya. Bangarorin biyu zuwa aorta suna da ƙananan jijiyoyin da ke jujjuya kansu. A sakamakon haka, rassa biyu suna zagayawa suna dannewa kan bututun iska da bututun (esophagus) wanda ke daukar abinci daga baki zuwa ciki.

Aunƙirar baka biyu na iya faruwa a cikin wasu lahani na cututtukan zuciya, gami da:

• Tetralogy na Fallot
• Truncus arteriosus
• Canjin manyan jijiyoyin jini
• Defectaramar ƙwanƙwasa mara kyau

Bakan baka sau biyu yana da wuya. Zoben jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki sun zama kadan daga dukkan matsalolin cututtukan zuciya da ake haifarwa. Daga cikin wadannan, kadan fiye da rabi ana haifar da su ta hanyar baka biyu. Yanayin yana faruwa daidai a cikin maza da mata. Yana da yawa a cikin mutane masu wasu cututtukan chromosome.

Saboda alamun alamun baka sau biyu galibi suna da sauƙi, mai yiwuwa ba za a gano matsalar ba har sai yaron ya ɗan aan shekaru.

Bakan baka mai sau biyu na iya danna kan bututun ciki da na ciki, wanda ke haifar da matsalar numfashi da hadiya. Tsananin bayyanar cututtukan ya dogara da yawan tasirin baka a kan waɗannan sifofin.

Alamun numfashi sun hada da:

• Soundaramar sauti a lokacin numfashi (stridor)
• Numfashi mai hayaniya
• Maimaita ciwon huhu
• Hanzari

Alamomin narkewar abinci na iya haɗawa da:

• Chokewa
• Matsalar ci da haɗiye
• Amai

Alamomin cutar na iya haifar da mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya don yin zargin baka mai baka biyu. Sauran gwaje-gwaje za'a buƙaci don tabbatar da ganewar asali.

Gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa na iya taimakawa wajen bincikar baka biyu:

• Kirjin x-ray
• Scans wanda ke ƙirƙirar hotunan sassan jiki (CT ko MRI scan)
• Binciken dan tayi na zuciya (echocardiography)
• X-ray ta amfani da wani abu wanda ke nuna esophagus (barium haɗiya)

Za'a iya yin aikin tiyata don gyara madaurin baka biyu. Likitan likita ya haɗa ƙaramin reshe kuma ya raba shi da babba reshe. Sannan likita ya rufe ƙarshen aorta da ɗinka. Wannan yana saukaka matsin lamba akan bututun iska da na iska.

Yawancin yara suna jin daɗi sosai bayan tiyata, kodayake wasu na iya ci gaba da samun alamun numfashi na ɗan lokaci bayan gyaran tiyata. Wannan galibi yana faruwa ne saboda raunin trachea saboda matsi akansa kafin gyaran tiyata.

A cikin wasu lokuta, idan baka yana matsewa sosai a kan hanyar iska, yaro na iya samun ƙarancin numfashi wanda ke kaiwa ga mutuwa.

Matsaloli na iya haɗawa da:

• Rashin cin nasara
• Cututtukan numfashi
• Dauke da murfin esophagus (lalacewar esophageal) da kuma bututun iska
• Da wuya ƙwarai, haɗuwa ta haɗari tsakanin esophagus da aorta (aortoesophageal fistula)

Kirawo mai ba ku sabis idan jaririnku na da alamun alamun baka na baka biyu.

Babu wata hanyar da aka sani don hana wannan yanayin.

Aortic baka anomaly; Baki biyu; Ciwon zuciya na haihuwa - baka ta baka biyu; Zuciyar haihuwar haihuwa - baka ta baka biyu

• Ringarfin jijiyoyin jini
• Bakin baka sau biyu

Bryant R, Yoo SJ. Ringsararrakin jijiyoyin jini, majajjawan jijiya na huhu, da yanayin da suka dace. A cikin: Wernovsky G, Anderson RH, Kumar K, Mussatto K, et al, eds. Anderson na Ilimin Lafiyar Yara. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 47.

Fraser CD, Kane LC. Cutar cututtukan zuciya. A cikin: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Littafin Sabiston na tiyata. 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 58.

Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM. Sauran zuciya na rashin haihuwa da nakasar jiki. A cikin: Kliegman RM, St. Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, eds. Nelson Littafin koyar da ilimin yara. 21st ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 459.

Webb GD, Smallhorn JF, Therrien J, Redington AN. Cutar cututtukan ciki a cikin baligi da haƙuri na yara. A cikin: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, eds. Braunwald na Ciwon Zuciya: Littafin rubutu na Magungunan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 75.