Endocarditis - yara

Layin ciki na ɗakunan zuciya da bawul na zuciya ana kiran shi endocardium. Endocarditis yana faruwa yayin da wannan naman ya zama kumbura ko kumburi, galibi saboda kamuwa da cuta a bawul na zuciya.

Endocarditis na faruwa ne lokacin da ƙwayoyin cuta suka shiga cikin jini sannan suka yi tafiya zuwa zuciya.

• Kwayar cuta ta kwayar cuta ita ce mafi yawan dalilin
• Cututtukan fungal sun fi yawa
• A wasu lokuta, ba za a iya samun ƙwayoyin cuta bayan gwaji ba

Endocarditis na iya ƙunsar tsokawar zuciya, kofofin zuciya, ko rufin zuciya. Yaran da ke da cutar endocarditis na iya samun wani yanayi na asali kamar:

• Haihuwar zuciya
• Lalacewa ko ɓacin zuciya mara kyau
• Sabuwar bawul na zuciya bayan tiyata

Haɗarin ya fi girma a cikin yara waɗanda ke da tarihin tiyatar zuciya, wanda zai iya barin wurare marasa ƙarfi a cikin rufin ɗakunan zuciya.

Wannan yana sauƙaƙa sauƙi ga ƙwayoyin cuta su manne akan layin.

Kwayoyin cuta na iya shiga cikin jini:

• Ta hanyar layin hanyar shiga tsakiyar ɗaki wanda yake a wurin
• Yayin tiyatar hakori
• Yayin sauran tiyata ko ƙananan hanyoyin zuwa hanyoyin iska da huhu, sashin fitsari, fatar da ta kamu, ko ƙashi da tsoka
• Hijira da kwayoyin cuta daga hanji ko makogoro

Kwayar cututtukan endocarditis na iya bunkasa a hankali ko kwatsam.

Zazzabi, sanyi, da zufa sune alamomin ci gaba. Wadannan wani lokaci na iya:

• Kasance cikin kwanaki kafin wasu alamun bayyanar su bayyana
• Ku zo ku tafi, ko ku zama sananne sosai da dare

Sauran cututtuka na iya haɗawa da:

• Gajiya
• Rashin ƙarfi
• Hadin gwiwa
• Ciwon tsoka
• Matsalar numfashi
• Rage nauyi
• Rashin ci

Matsalolin jijiyoyin jiki, kamar kamuwa da yanayin ƙwaƙwalwa

Hakanan alamun endocarditis na iya haɗawa da:

• Areasananan wuraren zubar da jini a ƙarƙashin kusoshi (zubar jini)
• Ja, tabon fata mara zafi akan tafin hannu da tafin kafa (raunukan Janeway)
• Ja, nodes masu raɗaɗi a cikin kusassun yatsu da yatsun kafa (ƙoshin Osler)
• Rashin numfashi
• Kumburin kafafu, kafafu, ciki

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiyar ɗanka na iya yin transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) don bincika endocarditis a cikin yara 'yan shekara 10 ko ƙarami.

Sauran gwaje-gwaje na iya haɗawa da:

• Al'adar jini don taimakawa gano ƙwayoyin cuta ko naman gwari da ke haifar da kamuwa da cutar
• Kammala ƙididdigar jini (CBC)
• C-mai amsa furotin (CRP) ko erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

Jiyya don endocarditis ya dogara da:

• Dalilin kamuwa da cutar
• Yaron yaro
• Tsananin bayyanar cututtuka

Yaronku na buƙatar kasancewa a asibiti don karɓar maganin rigakafi ta jijiya (IV). Al'adun jini da gwaje-gwaje zasu taimaka wa mai zaɓar zaɓi mafi kyawun maganin rigakafi.

Yaronka zai buƙaci maganin rigakafi na dogon lokaci.

• Yaronka zai buƙaci wannan maganin na tsawon makonni 4 zuwa 8 don kashe cikakkun ƙwayoyin cuta daga ɗakunan zuciya da bawul.
• Magungunan rigakafi da aka fara a asibiti za a buƙaci a ci gaba a gida da zarar ɗanka ya daidaita.

Ana iya buƙatar aikin tiyata don maye gurbin bawul zuciya mai cutar lokacin:

• Magungunan rigakafi ba sa aiki don magance cutar
• Kamuwa da cutar yana ɓarkewa kaɗan, yana haifar da shanyewar jiki
• Yaron ya kamu da ciwon zuciya sakamakon lalacewar bawul na zuciya
• Bugun zuciya ya lalace sosai

Samun magani ga endocarditis yanzunnan yana inganta damar kawar da kamuwa da cutar da hana rikitarwa.

Matsalolin da ke tattare da cutar endocarditis a cikin yara sune:

• Lalacewa ga zuciya da bawul na zuciya
• Cushewa a cikin jijiyar zuciya
• Cutar mai tasiri a jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jiki
• Bugun jini, sanadiyyar ƙananan kumbura ko yanki na kamuwa da cuta ya karye kuma ya yi tafiya zuwa kwakwalwa
• Yada kamuwa da cutar zuwa wasu sassan jiki, kamar huhu

Kira mai ba da sabis na yara idan kun lura da waɗannan alamun bayyanar yayin ko bayan jiyya:

• Jini a cikin fitsari
• Ciwon kirji
• Gajiya
• Zazzaɓi
• Numfashi
• Rashin ƙarfi
• Rage nauyi ba tare da canjin abinci ba

Heartungiyar Zuciyar Amurka ta ba da shawarar rigakafin rigakafin rigakafi don yara masu haɗarin endocarditis, kamar waɗanda suke da:

• Wasu lalatattun haihuwar zuciya ko rashin gyara
• Dasawar zuciya da matsalolin bawul
• Valusoshin zuciya na mutum
• Tarihin da ya gabata na endocarditis

Wadannan yara ya kamata su karbi maganin rigakafi lokacin da suke:

• Hanyoyin hakori waɗanda ke iya haifar da zub da jini
• Hanyoyin da suka shafi hanyar numfashi, sashin fitsari, ko kuma hanyar narkewar abinci
• Hanyoyi kan cututtukan fata da cututtukan nama mai laushi

Maganin kamuwa da bawul - yara; Staphylococcus aureus - endocarditis - yara; Enterococcus - endocarditis- yara; Streptococcus viridians - endocarditis - yara; Candida - endocarditis - yara; Kwayar endocarditis - yara; Infective endocarditis - yara; Cutar cututtukan zuciya - endocarditis - yara

• Bawul na zuciya - ingantaccen ra'ayi

Baltimore RS, Gewitz M, Baddour LM, et al; Heartungiyar Zuciya ta Heartungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka, Ciwon Cutar Endocarditis, da Kwamitin Cututtukan Cutar Kawasaki na Majalisar game da Cututtukan Zuciya a cikin Matasa da kuma Majalisar kan Zuciyar Zuciya da Ciwan Shawar jiki. Ingancin endocarditis a ƙuruciya: sabuntawa na 2015: bayanin kimiyya daga theungiyar Zuciya ta Amurka. Kewaya. 2015; 132 (15): 1487-1515. PMID: 26373317 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26373317.

Kaplan SL, Vallejo JG. Ciwon endocarditis. A cikin: Cherry JD, Harrison GJ, Kaplan SL, Steinbach WJ, Hotez PJ, eds. Feigin da Cherry's Littafin rubutu na cututtukan cututtukan yara. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 26.

Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM. Ciwon endocarditis. A cikin: Marcdante KJ, Kliegman RM, eds. Nelson Mahimman Bayanan Ilimin Yara. 8th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: babi na 111.

Mick NW. Zazzabin yara. A cikin: Walls RM, Hockberger RS, Gausche-Hill M, eds. Magungunan gaggawa na Rosen: Ka'idoji da Aikin Gwajin Asibiti. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 166.