Haɗarin Allergy da Anaphylaxis: Kwayar cututtuka da Jiyya

Wadatacce

• Taimako na farko don anafilaxis
• Taimakon kai
• Taimako na farko don wasu
• Mahimmancin magani
• Kwayar cututtukan rashin lafiya
• Abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin lafiya
• A cikin yara
• A cikin manya
• Iri anafilaxis
• Hanyar Uniphasic
• Biphasic dauki
• Tsawon lokaci
• Matsalolin rashin lafiya
• Outlook

Fahimtar hare-haren rashin lafiyan da rashin kuzari

Duk da yake yawancin rashin lafiyar ba su da mahimmanci kuma ana iya sarrafa su tare da daidaitaccen magani, wasu halayen rashin lafiyan na iya haifar da rikice-rikicen rai. Daya daga cikin wadannan rikice-rikicen da ke barazanar rayuwa ana kiransa anafilaxis.

Anaphylaxis mummunan aiki ne, ɗaukacin jiki wanda yawanci ya ƙunshi zuciya da tsarin jijiyoyin jini, huhu, fata, da hanyar narkewa. Zai iya shafar idanu da tsarin juyayi kuma.

Za a iya fara kamuwa da cutar rashin lafia ta abinci, kamar su gyada, madara, alkama, ko ƙwai. Hakanan yana iya kasancewa da alaƙa da harbin kwari ko wasu magunguna.

Ana buƙatar kulawa da gaggawa na gaggawa don hana saurin rashin lafiyan daga ƙara muni.

Taimako na farko don anafilaxis

Mutane da yawa waɗanda ke sane da tsananin rashin lafiyar su suna ɗaukar magani da ake kira epinephrine, ko adrenaline. An allura wannan a cikin tsoka ta hanyar “auto-injector” kuma yana da sauƙin amfani.

Yana aiki da sauri akan jiki don ɗaga hawan jini, motsa zuciyar ka, rage kumburi, da inganta numfashi. Maganin zabi ne don anafilaxis.

Taimakon kai

Idan kana fuskantar rashin lafiya, gudanar da maganin epinephrine nan take. Yiwa kanka allura a cinya don kyakkyawan sakamako.

Yi magana da likitanka game da lokacin allurar ka. Wasu masana suna ba da shawarar yin amfani da maganin epinephrine da zaran ka fahimci cewa an kamu da cutar, maimakon jiran alamun.

Hakanan zaku buƙaci ci gaba zuwa ɗakin gaggawa (ER) a matsayin mai biyo baya. A asibiti, wataƙila za a ba ku oxygen, antihistamines, da intravenous (IV) corticosteroids - galibi methylprednisolone.

Kuna iya lura da ku a cikin asibiti don kula da maganin ku da kuma lura da duk wani abin da ya faru.

Taimako na farko don wasu

Idan kuna tunanin wani yana fuskantar rashin lafiya, ɗauki waɗannan matakan nan da nan:

• Tambayi wani ya kira don taimakon likita. Kira 911 ko sabis na gaggawa na gida idan ku kaɗai ne.
• Tambayi mutumin ko suna dauke da injector kai tsaye. Idan haka ne, taimaka musu bisa ga kwatancen alamar. Kada a ba da epinephrine ga wanda ba a ba shi maganin ba.
• Taimaka wa mutum ya kasance cikin natsuwa da kwanciyar hankali tare da ɗaga ƙafafunsu. Idan amai ya faru, juya su zuwa gefen su don hana shaƙewa. Kar a basu komai su sha.
• Idan mutum ya zama a sume kuma ya daina numfashi, fara CPR, kuma a ci gaba har sai taimakon likita ya zo. Koma nan don umarnin mataki-mataki don yin CPR.

Mahimmancin magani

Yana da mahimmanci don samun magani don mummunan cutar rashin lafiyan, koda kuwa mutumin ya fara murmurewa.

A lokuta da yawa, alamomin cutar na iya inganta da farko amma sai sukai saurin lalacewa bayan wani lokaci. Kula da lafiya ya zama dole don hana sake faruwar harin.

Kwayar cututtukan rashin lafiya

Farawa anafilasisi yana da sauri. Kuna iya samun amsa a cikin 'yan sakan kaɗan na tasirin abin da kake rashin lafiyan sa. A wannan lokacin, karfin jininka zai ragu da sauri kuma hanyoyin iska zasu takura.

Kwayar cututtukan anafilaxis sun haɗa da:

• Ciwon ciki
• bugun zuciya
• tashin zuciya da amai
• kumburin fuska, lebe, ko maqogwaro
• halayen fata kamar amya, itching, ko peeling
• matsalolin numfashi
• jiri ko suma
• rauni da sauri bugun jini
• cutar hawan jini (hypotension)
• kodadde fata
• motsin motsa jiki, musamman a yara

Abubuwan da ke haifar da rashin lafiya

Anaphylaxis yana haifar da rashin lafiyar jiki - amma ba duk wanda ke da rashin lafiyar ke da wannan tasirin ba. Mutane da yawa sun sami alamun rashin lafiyar, wanda zai iya haɗawa da:

• hanci mai zafin gaske
• atishawa
• idanun ido ko fata
• rashes
• asma

Allergens da zasu iya haifar da tsarin garkuwar ku suyi aiki da yawa sun hada da:

• abinci
• pollen
• ƙurar ƙura
• mold
• dander daga dabbobi kamar kuliyoyi ko karnuka
• cizon kwari, kamar su daga sauro, wasps, ko ƙudan zuma
• cin hanci
• magunguna

Lokacin da kuka sadu da wani abu mai illa, jikinku ya ɗauka cewa baƙon baƙi ne kuma tsarin rigakafi yana sakin abubuwa don yaƙar sa. Waɗannan abubuwa suna haifar da wasu ƙwayoyin da ke sakin sunadarai, wanda ke haifar da rashin lafiyan abu da canje-canje a cikin jiki duka.

A cikin yara

A cewar Cibiyar Nazarin Cibiyar Nazarin Allergy Allergy (ECARF) ta Turai, mafi yawan abin da ke haifar da anafilaxis a cikin yara shi ne rashin lafiyar abinci. Abincin abinci na yau da kullun ya haɗa da waɗanda zuwa:

• gyaɗa
• madara
• alkama
• kwaya
• qwai
• abincin teku

Yara suna da matukar damuwa ga rashin lafiyar abinci lokacin da basa gida. Yana da mahimmanci ku bari duk masu kulawa su sani game da abincin yaranku.

Hakanan, koya wa ɗanka kar ya taɓa yarda da kayan gasa da aka yi a gida ko wani abinci wanda zai iya ƙunsar abubuwan da ba a sani ba.

A cikin manya

A cikin manya, sababin sanadin rashin lafiyar jiki shine abinci, magunguna, da dafin daga cizon kwari.

Kuna iya zama cikin haɗarin rashin lafiya idan kuna rashin lafiyan kowane magani, kamar su aspirin, penicillin, da sauran maganin rigakafi.

Iri anafilaxis

Anaphylaxis lokaci ne mai fa'ida don wannan rashin lafiyan. A zahiri, ana iya rarraba shi zuwa ƙananan nau'i. Theididdigar daban-daban sun dogara ne akan yadda bayyanar cututtuka da halayen ke faruwa.

Hanyar Uniphasic

Wannan shine mafi yawan nau'in anafilaxis. Farawar aikin ya zama mai sauri, tare da bayyanar cututtuka kusan 30 mintuna bayan kamuwa da cutar.

An kiyasta cewa kashi 80 zuwa 90 na duk shari’un sun ƙare zama halayen uniphasic.

Biphasic dauki

Hanyar biphasic yana faruwa bayan kwarewar farko na anafilaxis, gaba ɗaya tsakanin awa 1 zuwa 72 bayan harin farko. Yana yawan faruwa tsakanin 8 zuwa 10 hours bayan farawar ku ta farko ya faru.

Tsawon lokaci

Wannan shi ne mafi girman nau'in amsawa. A wannan aikin, alamun rashin lafiyar ana ci gaba kuma suna da wahalar magani, wani lokacin sukan dauki awanni 24 ko sama da haka ba tare da warware gaba daya ba.

Wannan halayen yawanci baƙon abu bane. Lowananan ƙarfin jini na iya faruwa kuma faɗaɗa asibiti na iya zama dole.

Matsalolin rashin lafiya

Lokacin da ba a kula da shi ba, anafilaxis na iya haifar da gigicewar rashin lafiyar jiki. Wannan yanayi ne mai hatsari inda hawan jini ya sauka kuma hanyoyin hanyoyin ku suka kumbura suka kumbura, suka takaita numfashin ku. Hakanan zuciyar ku na iya tsayawa yayin firgita saboda rashin kwararar jini.

A cikin yanayi mafi tsanani, anafilaxis na iya haifar da mutuwa. Gaggauta jinya tare da epinephrine na iya hana tasirin haɗarin rai na anaphylaxis. Ara koyo game da tasirin anaphylaxis.

Outlook

Hangen nesa ga anaphylaxis yana da kyau idan aka ɗauki matakan magani kai tsaye. Lokaci a nan shine mabuɗin. Anaphylaxis na iya tabbatar da mutuwa idan ba a kula da shi ba.

Idan kana fama da matsanancin rashin lafiyan jiki, ya kamata koda yaushe ka ajiye epinephrine auto-injector a hannu idan ka kamu da cutar anaphylaxis. Gudanarwa na yau da kullun tare da taimakon mai cutar rashin lafiyar na iya taimakawa.

Kauce wa sanannun abubuwan asha duk lokacin da zai yiwu. Hakanan, bi likitan ku idan kuna zargin duk wani ƙwarewa ga wasu cututtukan da ba a gano su ba.