Magungunan rigakafi da Kwayoyin cuta: Yaki da Juriya

Wadatacce

• Shafin Bidiyo
• Kwafi
• Bayanin Bidiyo

Shafin Bidiyo

0:38 Cutar rigakafin cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta

1:02 Misalan kwayoyin cuta masu juriya

1:11 Da tarin fuka

1:31 Ciwon ciki

1:46 MRSA

2:13 Ta yaya juriya na kwayar cutar ke faruwa?

3:25 Me za ku iya yi don yaƙi da juriya na ƙwayoyin cuta?

4:32 Bincike a NIAID

Kwafi

MedlinePlus ya gabatar da: Kwayoyin rigakafi da Kwayoyin cuta: Yaki da Juriya.

Idan ba za mu iya yaƙi ba?

Tarin fuka. Cutar sankara. MRSA.

Wadannan mummunan kwari suna dauke su ne ta Cibiyar Kula da Allergy da Infectious Diseases, ko NIAID, a matsayin wasu kwayoyin halittu masu matukar barazana a duniyar yau.

Dukkansu sun shiga TSAYE.

Wannan juriya ne na kwayar cuta, don bayyana. Kwayoyin cuta irin wadannan suna hanzarin samun damar dakile magungunan mu, suna barin cututtukan da wuyar magani. Kuma wannan babbar matsala ce.

CDC ta kiyasta cewa a kowace shekara, fiye da mutane miliyan biyu a Amurka suna rashin lafiya daga kamuwa da cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, wanda ke haifar da mutuwar aƙalla 23,000.Damuwa ita ce wasu ƙwayoyin cuta na iya shiga cikin wannan juriya da sauri fiye da yadda za mu iya samar da mafita, ko kuma kwayoyin sun zama ba su da kariya ga karin maganin rigakafi, wanda ke haifar da cututtukan da ba za a iya magance su ba.

Wanene wadannan kwayoyin cutar?

Yawancin nau'o'in ƙwayoyin cuta daban-daban sun haɓaka juriya na maganin ƙwayoyin cuta, amma wasu sun fi wasu damuwa.

Cutar tarin fuka, ko tarin fuka, ita ce ta farko a yawan cututtukan da ke kashe mutane a duniya, wanda ke ɗaukar rayukan mutane miliyan ɗaya da rabi a kowace shekara. Tarin fuka yana da wuya a iya magance shi, kuma wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan da ke jurewa suna buƙatar magani na shekaru na yau da kullum tare da ƙwayoyi masu yawa, gami da watanni na allurai masu raɗaɗi da kuma mummunar illa wanda zai iya barin marasa lafiya kurma.

Gonorrhea yana da damuwa saboda nau'ikan sun zama basa jituwa da kowa sai antibioticsan maganin rigakafi. Wannan cututtukan da ake yadawa ta hanyar jima'i na iya raba jigilar kwayoyin halitta tsakanin ƙwayoyin cuta, yana ƙara saurin juriya.

Staphylococcus aureus, ko Staph, suna ko'ina: a kan abubuwanmu na sirri, fatarmu, a cikin hancinmu. Yawanci yawanci baya cutarwa. Amma idan hakan ta kasance, zai yi wahala a iya magance shi musamman ma idan na Stphylococcus aureus mai jure Methicillin, ko MRSA, wanda 2% na Amurka ke ɗauke da shi yanzu.

Waɗannan sune wasu daga cikin manyan ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin juriya. Akwai wasu, kuma wasu suna zuwa.

Ta yaya juriya ke faruwa?

Rashin juriya na faruwa cikin sauri saboda yawan amfani da magungunan rigakafi na dogon lokaci, kamar rashin kammala kwasa-kwasan kwayoyi kamar yadda aka tsara, da kuma amfani da maganin rigakafi a aikin noma don bunkasa ci gaban dabbobi. Kwayar cuta tana ninkawa cikin sauri, koda kuwa muna da cikakkiyar rigakafin kwayoyi, juriya zata iya faruwa.

Kuma duk lokacin da muka yi amfani da maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta, akwai damar cewa wasu kwayoyin suna rayuwa saboda canje-canje a cikin DNA. DNA din na iya yin code na amfanin rayuwa kamar su:

Canza farfajiyar ƙwayar ƙwayoyin cuta, hana ƙwayoyin cuta haɗewa ko shiga.

Yin famfunan tofa albarkacin bakin maganin rigakafin kafin su sami damar aiki.

Ko ƙirƙirar enzymes waɗanda ke "kawar da" maganin rigakafi.

Magungunan rigakafi zai kashe yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta, gami da ƙwayoyin cuta masu taimako a jikinmu.

Amma kwayoyin cuta da ke da fa'idodi zasu iya rayuwa su hayayyafa.

Kwayoyin cuta masu juriya na iya canza canjin DNA ga zuriyarsu, ko wani lokacin ma ga juna, don samar da sabbin nau'o'in kwayoyin kare kwayoyin cuta.

Me za ku iya yi don yaƙi da juriya?

Amfani da ƙananan maganin rigakafi a zaman jama'a na iya taimakawa hana juriya, adana maganin rigakafi don lokacin da suka fi dacewa.

Mataki na farko shine hana buƙatar maganin rigakafi ta hanyar gujewa kamuwa da cuta, misali ta hanyar wankan hannu, rigakafi, da kuma shirya abinci mai lafiya.

Amfani da maganin rigakafi ta hanyar da ta dace shima yana taimakawa, kamar shan kwasa-kwasan kwayoyi masu amfani da kwayoyi kamar yadda aka umurta don guje wa barin ƙwayoyin cuta a baya da kuma ba su damar zama masu juriya. Rashin allurai na ƙwayoyin cuta na iya ba da damar kyakkyawan yanayi don ƙwayoyin cuta masu ƙarfi su ninka kuma su haifar da kamuwa da cuta

Ta hanyar daidaita takamaiman maganin rigakafi da kwayoyin cutar da ke haifar da cututtukan, masu ba da kiwon lafiya za su iya yakar juriya na maganin cutar ta hanyar rage adadi da karfin marasa lafiyar masu dauke da kwayoyin. Ya kamata a kula cewa kamuwa da cutar ba ta riga ta kasance mai jure maganin rigakafi ba! Hakanan, ba za a ba da maganin rigakafi don cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta kamar mura ko mura ba, saboda ƙwayoyin cuta ba sa shafar ƙwayoyin cuta.

Bincike a NIAID

NIAID tana bincika hanyoyin don yaƙar matsalar juriya na ƙwayoyin cuta. Ana bincika hanyoyi da yawa, gami da gano sabbin magungunan rigakafi da ke nuna rauni a cikin tsarin rayuwar kwayar, duba hanyoyin inganta tsarin rigakafi don yaƙar cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙirƙirar al'ummomin ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke nutsar da tasirin kwayar cutar, ta amfani da ƙwayoyin cuta na musamman waɗanda ke niyya da kashe kwayar cuta mai yaduwa, da inganta gwaje-gwajen bincike don inganta kwayoyin cutar da magungunan rigakafi masu dacewa.

Tare da kyawawan halaye na lafiyar jama'a da bincike mai ƙima, ƙila za mu iya ci gaba da juriya, da cututtukan cututtuka gaba ɗaya, amma duk muna buƙatar aiki tare don kasancewa mataki ɗaya a gaba.

Nemi takamaiman bincike da labarai na yau da kullun daga medlineplus.gov da NIH MedlinePlus mujallar, medlineplus.gov/magazine, kuma ƙara koyo game da binciken NIAID a niaid.nih.gov.

Bayanin Bidiyo

An buga Maris 14, 2018

Duba wannan bidiyon akan jerin waƙoƙin MedlinePlus a tashar YouTube ta National Library of Medicine ta YouTube a: https://youtu.be/oLPAodRN1b0

LIMA: Ranar Jeff

INTERN: Bilkisu Seah

Labari Jennifer Sun Bell

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