Magungunan Cututtuka

Wadatacce

• Nau'in magungunan antiemetic
• Antiemetics don cutar motsi
• Antiemetics don cutar mura
• Antiemetics don jiyyar cutar sankara
• Antiemetics don tiyata
• Antiemetics don cututtukan safe
• Sakamakon sakamako na magungunan antiemetic
• Magungunan antiemetic na halitta
• Magungunan antiemetic lafiya ga ciki
• Magungunan rigakafin cututtukan yara suna da lafiya ga yara
• Don ciwon motsi
• Ga ciwon ciki
• Takeaway

Menene magungunan rigakafi?

An ba da magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta don taimakawa tare da tashin zuciya da amai waɗanda ke da illa ga wasu ƙwayoyi. Wannan na iya haɗawa da ƙwayoyi don maganin sa kai da aka yi amfani da shi yayin aikin tiyata ko kuma maganin cutar kansar. Ana amfani da magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta don tashin zuciya da amai wanda ya haifar da:

• motsi motsi
• cutar asuba yayin daukar ciki
• tsanani lokuta na ciki mura (gastroenteritis)
• sauran cututtuka

Wadannan kwayoyi suna aiki ta hanyar kutsa kai tare da masu karbar sakonnin jijiyoyin jiki wadanda ke cikin amai. Neurotransmitters sune ƙwayoyin da ke karɓar sigina don aika motsin jijiya. Hanyoyin da suke sarrafa waɗannan halayen jiki suna da rikitarwa. Nau'in maganin antiemetic da aka yi amfani da shi zai dogara da dalilin.

Nau'in magungunan antiemetic

Ana shan wasu magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta ta baki. Wasu kuma suna nan a matsayin allura ko kuma abin facin da aka sanya a jikinku don haka ba lallai ne ku haɗiye komai ba. Nau'in magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ya kamata ku sha ya dogara da abin da ke haifar da alamunku:

Antiemetics don cutar motsi

Magungunan antihistamines da ke hana tashin zuciya da amai wanda ya haifar da cututtukan motsi ana samunsu akan kan (OTC). Suna aiki ta hanyar kiyaye kunnenku na ciki daga cikakken motsi kuma sun haɗa da:

• dimenhydrinate (Dramamine, Gravol)
• meclizine (Dramamine Kadan Drowy, Bonine)

Antiemetics don cutar mura

Ciwon ciki, ko kuma ciwon ciki, na faruwa ne ta ƙwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin cuta. OTC miyagun ƙwayoyi bismuth-subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol) yana aiki ta hanyar ruɓan rufin cikinku. Hakanan zaka iya gwada OTC glucose, fructose, ko phosphoric acid (Emetrol).

Antiemetics don jiyyar cutar sankara

Tashin zuciya da amai wani ɓangare ne na maganin cutar sankara. Ana amfani da magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta kafin da bayan chemotherapy don hana bayyanar cututtuka.

Wasu magungunan magani sun haɗa da:

• serotonin 5-HT3 masu karɓar rashi: dolasetron (Anzemet), granisetron (Kytril, Sancuso), ondansetron (Zofran, Zuplenz), palonosetron (Aloxi)
• masu adawa da dopamine: prochlorperazine (Compazine), domperidone (Motilium, ba a cikin Amurka ba), olanzapine (Zyprexa)
• Masu karɓa na karɓa na NK1: aprepitant (Emend), rolapitant (Varubi)
• corticosteroids: dexamethasone (DexPak)
• cannabinoids: cannabis (marijuana na likita), dronabinol (Marinol)

Antiemetics don tiyata

Ciwan mara bayan baya da amai (PONV) na iya faruwa ta hanyar maganin sa kai da aka yi amfani da shi yayin aikin tiyata. Magungunan likita da ake amfani dasu don magance PONV sun haɗa da:

• serotonin 5-HT3 masu karɓar rashi: dolasetron, granisetron, ondansetron
• masu adawa da dopamine: metoclopramide (Reglan), droperidol (Inapsine), domperidone
• corticosteroids: dexamethasone

Antiemetics don cututtukan safe

Cutar safiya tana gama gari yayin daukar ciki. Koyaya, yawanci ba a ba da magungunan antiemetic sai dai idan ya yi tsanani.

Hyperemesis gravidarum wani rikici ne na ciki wanda ke haifar da laulayin ciki da amai. Idan kana da wannan yanayin, likitanka na iya rubutawa:

• antihistamines, kamar su dimenhydrinate
• bitamin B-6 (pyridoxine)
• masu tayar da hankali na dopamine, kamar prochlorperazine, promethazine (Pentazine, Phenergan)
• metoclopramide idan sauran jiyya basa aiki

Sakamakon sakamako na magungunan antiemetic

Illolin da ke tattare da ku sun dogara da nau'in maganin ƙwayoyin cuta da kuke sha:

• bismuth-takaddun tallafi: harshe mai launin duhu, kujerun baƙi mai launin toka-toka
• antihistamines: bacci, bushewar baki
• masu adawa da dopamine: bushewar baki, kasala, maƙarƙashiya, tinnitus, jijiyoyin tsoka, rashin natsuwa
• neurokinin agonists masu karɓa: rage fitsari, bushe baki, ciwon zuciya
• serotonin 5-HT3 masu karɓar rashi: maƙarƙashiya, bushe baki, gajiya
• corticosteroids: rashin narkewar abinci, kuraje, yawan ci da kishi
• cannabinoids: canje-canje a fahimta, jiri

Idan kun fuskanci ɗayan masu zuwa, tuntuɓi likitan ku:

• tsananta tashin zuciya ko amai
• maƙarƙashiya mai tsanani
• rauni na tsoka
• rawar jiki
• rashin ji
• saurin bugun zuciya
• tsananin bacci
• slurred magana
• alamomin halayyar mutum, kamar mafarki ko rikicewa

Magungunan antiemetic na halitta

Mafi sanannun cututtukan cututtukan gargajiya sune ginger (Zingiber officinale). Jinja ya ƙunshi masu hamayyar 5-HT3 waɗanda ake kira gingerols. Nazarin asibiti ya nuna cewa ginger na iya zama mai tasiri wajen magance tashin zuciya da amai. Dage sabon ginger a cikin ruwan zafi don yin shayi, ko gwada ginger candi, ginger biscuits, ko ginger ale.

Aromatherapy tare da ruhun nana mai mahimmanci mai mahimmanci na iya zama wata hanyar shawo kan tashin zuciya da amai. Gwada shafawa wasu digo biyu a bayan wuyan ku da shan iska mai karfi.

Cannabis ma an nuna shi an. Yanzu ana samunta bisa doka a cikin jihohi da yawa, amma ana iya ɗauka azaman haramtaccen magani a cikin wasu.

Magungunan antiemetic lafiya ga ciki

Magungunan cututtukan motsi kamar meclizine da dimenhydrinate suna da aminci ga mata masu juna biyu. Vitamin B-6 da masu adawa da dopamine an same su da aminci, amma ana amfani da su ne kawai a cikin mawuyacin hali na cutar asuba.

Cannabis ko marijuana ba shi da aminci don amfani yayin ciki. Magungunan suna da alaƙa da ƙananan nauyin haihuwa da haɗarin ƙwaƙwalwa da matsalolin halayyar yara. Hakanan ba a ba da shawarar Pepto-Bismol ba.

Magungunan rigakafin cututtukan yara suna da lafiya ga yara

Yana da kyau koyaushe a tuntubi likita kafin a ba yara magani.

Don ciwon motsi

Dimenhydrinate da diphenhydramine (Benadryl) za a iya amfani da su don magance tashin zuciya ga yara sama da shekaru 2, amma ka tabbata ka bi umarnin sashi.

Ga ciwon ciki

Karatuttukan kwanan nan sun gano cewa ondansetron na iya zama mai lafiya da tasiri ga yara tare da mummunan yanayin ciwon ciki.

Bai kamata jarirai ko ƙananan yara suyi amfani da Promethazine ba. Kar a ba bismuth-subsalicylate ga yara masu shekaru 12 ko ƙarami.

Takeaway

Akwai magungunan kwayoyi masu yawa don magance tashin zuciya da amai, amma maganin da ya kamata ku gwada ya dogara da abin da ke haifar da alamunku. Tabbatar kun karanta alamun a hankali ko bi umarnin likitanku. Don ƙananan larurar tashin zuciya ko amai, gwada maganin gargajiya kamar ginger.