Aspergillosis: menene menene, cututtuka da magani

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• 1. Maganin rashin lafia
• 2. Ciwon huhu na huhu
• 3. Cutar baƙin ciki kamar ɓarna
• Wanene yafi yawan hadari
• Ganewar asali na aspergillosis
• Yadda ake yin maganin

Aspergillosis cuta ce mai saurin yaduwa ta hanyar naman gwari Aspergillus fumigatus, wanda yake a cikin muhallin da yawa, kamar ƙasa, pantas, lalata abubuwa da ayyuka, misali.

Ta wannan hanyar, kamar yadda ana iya samun naman gwari a cikin muhalli daban-daban, mutane suna cikin ma'amala tare daAspergillus fumigatus, amma ba dukansu ne ke kamuwa da cutar ba, saboda naman gwari yana girma cikin sauki kuma yana haifar da bayyanar alamomi a cikin mutanen da suke da garkuwar jiki da mafi yawan cutuka suka lalata, kamar su HIV da lupus, yin dasawa ko amfani da magunguna.

Babban hanyar kamuwa da cutar Aspergillus shine ta hanyar shakar iska, barin shi ya kasance a cikin huhu kuma zai haifar da bayyanar cututtuka irin su tari, ƙarancin numfashi da zazzaɓi, wanda zai iya saurin lalacewa da kuma shafar wasu sassan jiki, kamar ƙwaƙwalwa, zuciya ko koda, musamman lokacin da ba a fara magani tare da antifungals ba.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Bayan shakar iskar gas na Aspergillus fumigatus, naman gwari na iya mallakar hanyar numfashi kuma ya kasance cikin jiki ba tare da alamun ba. Koyaya, a cikin mutanen da ke da tsarin rigakafi mai rikitarwa, alamun cututtuka na iya bayyana bisa ga rukunin yanar gizon da abin ya shafa da kuma tsananin kamuwa da cutar, kuma akwai yiwuwar:

1. Maganin rashin lafia

Yana faruwa galibi ga mutanen da ke da tarihin cututtukan huhu na yau da kullun, kamar asma ko cystic fibrosis kuma ya haɗa da alamu da alamomi kamar:

• Zazzabi sama da 38ºC;
• Tari jini ko maniyyi;
• Jin motsin numfashi;
• Hancin hanci da wahalar wari.

Wannan shi ne mafi ƙarancin nau'in amsawa kuma, a mafi yawan lokuta, ana iya kula da shi da magungunan da aka riga aka yi amfani da su don hare-haren asma, misali. Koyaya, idan alamunku suna ta daɗa zama da mahimmanci yana da mahimmanci ku je asibiti.

2. Ciwon huhu na huhu

Wadannan al'amuran ma galibi suna da yawa, amma yawanci suna shafar mutanen da ba su da tarihin cutar huhu. Kwayar cutar sun hada da:

• Rage nauyi;
• Tari mai dorewa;
• Tari mai jini;
• Gajiya mai yawa;
• Jin kashin numfashi.

Idan ba a kula da shi ba yadda ya kamata, kamuwa da cutar huhu na iya bunkasa kuma ya yadu ta cikin jini, ya isa sauran sassan jiki. Bugu da kari, a wasu yanayi naman gwari na iya mallakar kofofin huhu kuma su samar da gungumen naman gwari, wanda aka sani da aspergilloma, wanda zai iya ci gaba da girma da haifar da tari ga jini, sannan kuma zai iya yaduwa zuwa jijiyoyin jini kuma ya haifar da cutar aspergillosis .

3. Cutar baƙin ciki kamar ɓarna

Wannan shine kamuwa da cuta mafi tsanani wanda yake faruwa yayin da naman gwari zai iya ninka a cikin huhu sannan kuma ya yadu ta cikin jini. Alamomin wannan nau'in aspergillosis na iya zama:

• Zazzabi sama da 38º C;
• Ciwon kirji;
• Tari mai dorewa;
• Hadin gwiwa;
• Ciwon kai;
• Kumburin fuska.

Bugu da kari, wannan naman gwari yana da ikon shiga magudanan jini, yadawa cikin sauki da inganta rufe jirgin, wanda ke haifar da thrombosis.

Invasive aspergillosis shine mafi yawan nau'in lokacin da garkuwar jiki tayi rauni ƙwarai, sabili da haka, alamunta na iya zama da wahalar ganowa, tunda ana iya fassara su azaman alamun cutar cewa wannan ya dogara ne da raguwar kariyar jiki.

Wanene yafi yawan hadari

Yaduwa ta hanyar Aspergillus fumigatus yana faruwa ne galibi ta hanyar shaƙar ƙwayoyin halittar da ke cikin muhalli, amma kuma hakan na iya faruwa saboda sanya ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin jijiya, misali.

Kodayake kowa na iya shaƙar shi, amma ci gaban kamuwa da cuta, musamman ma irin nau'ikan cutarwa, ya fi yawa ga mutanen da ke da raunin garkuwar jiki saboda cututtukan da ke saurin kamuwa da cuta, kamar su HIV da lupus, waɗanda aka yi wa dashe na gabobin kwanan nan ko masu amfani da ƙwayoyi waɗanda ke rage ayyukan garkuwar jiki, kamar su corticosteroids, chemotherapy ko immunosuppressants.

Ganewar asali na aspergillosis

Binciken farko na aspergillosis an fara shi ne ta ƙwararren masanin cututtukan cututtuka, masanin huhu ko babban likita ta hanyar kimanta alamomi da alamomin da mutum da tarihin lafiya suka gabatar.

Don tabbatar da kamuwa da cutar ta hanyar naman gwari, ana iya nuna shi ya kiyaye fatar bakin ta hanyar madubin hangen nesa ko gwajin jini tare da ilimin serology wanda ke gano takamaiman kwayoyi game da wannan naman gwari, ko al'adar kayan da cutar ta kama.

Don haka, bisa ga sakamakon gwajin, yana yiwuwa a tabbatar da aspergillosis da tsananinsa, kasancewa mai amfani ga likita don nuna mafi dacewa magani.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Jiyya don aspergillosis yawanci ana farawa tare da amfani da magungunan antifungal, kamar Itraconazole ko Amphotericin B, wanda ke taimakawa wajen kawar da fungi mai yawa daga jiki, yana taimaka wa garkuwar jiki don sarrafa kamuwa da cuta da kuma sauƙaƙe alamomin.

Koyaya, likita na iya ba da shawarar yin amfani da corticosteroids, kamar Budesonide ko Prednisone, don sauƙaƙe alamomin cikin sauri da inganta tasirin antifungal, musamman ga mutanen da ke da alamun cutar mai tsanani, kamar waɗanda suke da asma, misali.

A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, na huhu ko na ɓarna, wanda yawan fungi, wanda aka sani da aspergilloma, na iya haɓaka, likita na iya ba da shawarar tiyata don cire mafi kyallen kyallen takarda da kuma son tasirin antifungals.