Abin da Sinadaran Rana zasu Nuna - kuma Wadanne Wadanda Aka Haramta Su Guji

Wadatacce

• Wani zurfafawa, kallon duniya cikin duniyar abubuwan haɓaka UV
• 1. Tinosorb S da M
• Gaskiya abubuwa
  
• 2. Mexoryl SX
• Gaskiya abubuwa
  
• 3. Oxybenzone
• Gaskiya abubuwa
  
• 4. Octinoxate
• Gaskiya abubuwa
  
• 5. Avobenzone
• Gaskiya abubuwa
  
• 6. Titanium dioxide
• Gaskiya abubuwa
  
• 7. Zinc oxide
• Gaskiya abubuwa
  
• 8 da 9. PABA da PABA mai sulke mai sulke
• Gaskiya abubuwa
  
• Me yasa yarda da sinadarin hasken rana yake da rikitarwa a Amurka?
• A halin yanzu, masu amfani da hasken rana kamar mu dole ne mu ilimantar da kanmu kan abubuwan kunar rana da matakan kariya

Wani zurfafawa, kallon duniya cikin duniyar abubuwan haɓaka UV

Wataƙila kun riga kun san abubuwan yau da kullun: Haske fuska shine matakin kariya don kare fata daga hasken rana na ultraviolet (UV) na rana.

Manyan nau'ikan ultraviolet radiation, UVA da UVB, suna lalata fata, suna haifarda saurin tsufa, kuma suna kara barazanar kamuwa da cutar kansa. Kuma waɗannan haskoki suna haɗuwa da fatarka shekara-shekara, koda lokacin da yayi girgije ko kana cikin gida (wasu hasken UV zasu iya ratsa gilashi).

Amma zabar abin kare hasken rana ba sauki kamar yadda yake fisge kowane kwalba daga shiryayye. Ba duk abubuwan kare rana suke da fa'idodi iri ɗaya ba, haɗari, ko umarni.

A zahiri, wasu sinadaran na iya taimakawa hana ƙonewa amma ba tsufa ba, yayin da wasu kuma ana ɗaukarsu gaba ɗaya amintattu ga mutane, amma ba mahalli ba.

To yaya fatar ku ta san me ke aiki? Mun dawo da duk abubuwan da aka yarda da su, aka hana su, kuma suka kasance cikin jigilar ruwa a duniya. FYI: Yawancin hanyoyin an haɗa su da abubuwan sinadarin tace UV guda biyu.

1. Tinosorb S da M

An samo shi a cikin sunscreens na sunadarai

Ofaya daga cikin shahararrun sinadaran Turai, Tinosorb S na iya kare kariya daga hasken UVB da UVA, mai tsayi da gajere, yana mai da shi ɗayan mafi kyawun abubuwan haɗin don rigakafin lalacewar rana. Tinosorb shima yana taimakawa daskarar da sauran matattarar hasken rana kuma an yarda dashi cikin kusan kashi 10.

Duk da haka, FDA ba ta amince da wannan sinadaran ba saboda dalilai da yawa, yana mai cewa, a cewar Newsweek, "rashin bayanai" kuma ana neman shi ne kawai "yanke shawara, ba yarda ba."

Ana saka sinadarin sau da yawa a cikin hasken rana don haɓaka ingancinsa kuma har yanzu ba a haɗa shi da kowane haɗarin haɗari ba.

Gaskiya abubuwa

• An yarda a cikin: Ostiraliya, Japan, Turai
• An hana a: Amurka
• Mafi kyau ga: Amfanin antioxidant da rigakafin lalacewar rana
• Coral lafiya? Ba a sani ba

2. Mexoryl SX

An samo shi a cikin sunscreens na sunadarai

Mexoryl SX shine matattarar UV wanda ake amfani dashi a cikin hasken rana da mayukan shafe shafe a duk duniya. Yana da ƙwarewa don toshe hasken UVA1, waɗanda sune raƙuman ruwan sama masu saurin tsufa na fata.

A nuna yana da tasiri mai amfani da UV kuma mai kyau don hana lalacewar rana.

Duk da yake wannan sinadarin ya kasance yana zagayawa a Turai tun daga 1993, FDA ba ta amince da wannan sinadarin ba don L’Oréal har zuwa 2006. A likitance, an yarda da ita ga manya da yara sama da watanni 6 da haihuwa.

Nemi shi da: Avobenzone. Lokacin da aka haɗu da avobenzone, kariya ta UVA na duka abubuwan sinadaran sune.

Gaskiya abubuwa

• An yarda a cikin: Amurka, Ostiraliya, Turai, Japan
• An hana a: Babu
• Mafi kyau ga: Rana ta rigakafin lalacewa
• Coral lafiya? Ee

3. Oxybenzone

An samo shi a cikin hasken rana na zahiri

Oxybenzone, galibi ana samun shi a cikin hasken rana mai faɗi, yana taimakawa tace duka hasken UVB da UVA (musamman gajeren UVA). Hakanan yana ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun kayan haɗi, ana samun su a yawancin hasken rana a cikin kasuwar Amurka kuma yana iya yin kusan kashi 6 na kwalban.

Koyaya, Hawaii ta dakatar da wannan sinadarin bayan wani nazari, wanda Haereticus Environmental lab ta kirkira, ya gano cewa sinadarin ya bada gudummawa wajen yin fatali da guba a cikin murjani. Don dalilai na muhalli, za ku so ku guji wannan sinadaran kuma ku nemi hasken rana "kore".

Mafi kwanan nan, ya gano cewa fatar mu tana ɗaukar abubuwan haɗin rana kamar oxybenzone. Wannan ya haifar da sha'awar amfani da hasken rana mai kariya, duk da rahoton da aka bayar na ba da wata illa da aka gano kuma an kammala cewa "wadannan sakamakon ba su nuna cewa ya kamata mutane su guji amfani da hasken rana ba."

Har ila yau, tabbatar da cewa oxybenzone ba ya nuna muhimmancin rushewar endocrine.

Gaskiya abubuwa

• An yarda a cikin: Amurka (ban da Hawaii), Australia, Turai
• An ƙuntata a cikin: Japan
• Mafi kyau ga: Lalacewar rana da rigakafin ƙonewa
• Coral lafiya? A'a, ƙila zai iya shafar kifi
• Tsanaki: Nau'ikan fata masu sauƙin fahimta za su so tsallake dabarbari tare da wannan sinadarin

4. Octinoxate

An samo shi a cikin sunscreens na sunadarai

Octinoxate na kowa ne kuma mai iya ɗaukar UVB, ma'ana yana da tasiri don rigakafin lalacewar rana. Haɗe tare da avobenzone, dukansu suna iya ba da babbar kariya ta kariya game da ƙonewa da tsufa.

An ba da izinin wannan sinadaran a cikin tsari (har zuwa kashi 7.5), amma an hana shi a Hawaii saboda haɗarin muhalli da ke kan murjani.

Gaskiya abubuwa

• An yarda a cikin: Wasu jihohin Amurka, Turai, Japan, Australia
• An hana a: Hawaii, Key West (Florida), Palau
• Mafi kyau ga: Rage kunar rana a jiki
• Coral lafiya? A'a, ƙila zai iya shafar kifi

5. Avobenzone

An samo shi a cikin sunscreens na sunadarai

Ana amfani da Avobenzone don toshe cikakken zangon UVA kuma ana ba da rahoto a matsayin 'rashin ƙarfi' a cikin hasken rana na zahiri.

A karan kansa, sinadarin yana lalata lokacin da aka fallasa shi zuwa haske. Don magance wannan, sau da yawa ana haɗa shi tare da wasu kayan haɗi (kamar mexoryl) don daidaita avobenzone.

A cikin ƙasashe da yawa, ana amfani da avobenzone a haɗe tare da zinc oxide da titanium dioxide musamman, amma a Amurka, ba a ba da izinin haɗuwa ba.

Duk da yake ana samun sa a cikin shimfidar fuska mai faɗi, sau da yawa ana haɗa shi da wasu sinadarai saboda avobenzone da kanta zai rasa ikon sarrafa shi cikin sa'a ɗaya na fidda haske.

A Amurka, FDA tana ɗaukar wannan sinadaran mai aminci amma yana ƙayyade adadin haɗuwa zuwa kashi 3 cikin ɗari a cikin abubuwan sarrafa hasken rana.

Gaskiya abubuwa

• An yarda a cikin: Amurka, Ostiraliya, Turai
• An hana a: Babu; teduntataccen amfani a Japan
• Mafi kyau ga: Rana ta rigakafin lalacewa
• Coral lafiya? Matakan ganowa amma ba cutarwa da aka samu

6. Titanium dioxide

An samo shi a cikin hasken rana na zahiri

Akwai sinadaran sunscreen guda biyu wadanda gabaɗaya aka gane sunada lafiya da tasiri, ko GRASE, ta FDA, kuma dukansu sunadarai na hasken rana. (Lura: lakabin GRASE shima yana nufin kayan FDA tare da waɗannan abubuwan haɗin.)

Na farko, titanium dioxide, yana aiki ne a matsayin mai tace faffadan UV (duk da cewa baya toshe hasken UVA1 mai tsawo).

FDA ta amince da titanium dioxide don, kuma bincike ya nuna ya fi aminci fiye da sauran hasken rana ta hanyar ɗaukar fata.

Koyaya, masu binciken sun kuma rubuta cewa iko da sifofin feshi ya kamata a guji saboda yana iya zama haɗari. Bayanin kula da cewa sinadarin titanium oxide nanoparticles ta hanyar amfani da baki ana sanya su a matsayin "mai yuwuwar cutar kanjamau ga mutane," ma'ana binciken dabbobi ne kawai aka gudanar.

Ka tuna cewa wannan kayan haɗin ba'a iyakance shi ga hasken rana ba. Hakanan za'a iya samo shi a cikin kayan shafa na SPF, foda da aka matse, mayukan shafawa, da kayayyakin fari.

Gaskiya abubuwa

• An yarda a cikin: Amurka, Ostiraliya, Turai, Japan
• An hana a: Babu
• Mafi kyau ga: Rana ta rigakafin lalacewa
• Coral lafiya? Matakan ganowa amma ba cutarwa da aka samu
• Tsanaki: Dabbobi na tsari na iya barin farin simintin a kan fata mai duhu, kuma sinadarin na iya zama mai cutarwa ne a cikin hoda

7. Zinc oxide

An samo shi a cikin hasken rana na zahiri

Zinc oxide shine na biyu na GIRGARIJI na sunscreen, wanda aka bashi izini cikin nitsuwa har zuwa kashi 25.

Nazarin ya nuna yana da lafiya, tare da shigar fata, koda bayan amfani da shi akai-akai. A cikin Turai, ana yiwa sinadarin gargaɗi da gargaɗi saboda gubarsa ga rayuwar ruwa. Sinadarin baya haifar da cutarwa sai dai idan an haɗiye shi ko kuma shaƙar shi.

Idan aka kwatanta da avobenzone da titanium oxide, an kawo shi azaman hoto, mai tasiri, da aminci ga fata mai laushi. A gefe guda, bincike kuma ya ce ba shi da tasiri kamar sinadarai masu amfani da hasken rana, kuma ba shi da tasiri wajen kariya daga kunar rana a jiki kamar na lalata rana.

Gaskiya abubuwa

• An yarda a cikin: Amurka, Ostiraliya, Turai, Japan
• An hana a: Babu
• Mafi kyau ga: Rana ta rigakafin lalacewa
• Coral lafiya? A'a
• Tsanaki: Wasu tsari zasu iya barin farin simintin gyaran zaitun da launin fata mai duhu

8 da 9. PABA da PABA mai sulke mai sulke

An samo shi a duka sunadarai (PABA) da na jiki (trolamine) sunscreens

Har ila yau an san shi da para-aminobenzoic acid, wannan mai ƙarfin ɗaukar UVB ne. Shaharar wannan sinadarin ya ragu saboda gaskiyar cewa yana kara rashin lafiyar cututtukan fata kuma yana kara karfin hoto.

Nazarin kan dabbobi kuma ya nuna wasu matakai masu guba, wanda ya jagoranci Hukumar Turai da FDA don taƙaita ƙididdigar dabara zuwa kashi 5 cikin ɗari. Koyaya, Kanada ta hana amfani da PABA a cikin kayan shafawa gaba ɗaya.

Trolamine salicylate, wanda aka fi sani da Tea-Salicylate, an ɗauke shi TAMBAYA a cikin 2019, amma shi mai rauni ne na UV. Saboda wannan, sinadaran yana iyakance cikin yawan sa tare da sauran abubuwan hadin.

Gaskiya abubuwa

• An yarda a cikin: Amurka (har zuwa 12-15%), Australia (trolamine salicylate kawai), Turai (PABA har zuwa 5%), Japan
• An hana a: Ostiraliya (PABA), Kanada (duka)
• Mafi kyau ga: Kunar rana a jiki
• Coral lafiya? Ba a sani ba

Me yasa yarda da sinadarin hasken rana yake da rikitarwa a Amurka?

Classididdigar ofasar Amurka ta sharar rana a matsayin magani na ɗaya daga cikin manyan dalilan rashin saurin yarda da ita. Rarraba magungunan ya zo ne saboda ana tallata samfurin azaman matakin kariya ga kunar rana a jiki da kuma cutar kansa.

A Ostiraliya, ana sanya hasken rana a matsayin magani ko na kwaskwarima. Magungunan kwantar da hankali yana nufin hasken rana inda ainihin amfanin shine kariyar rana kuma yana da SPF na 4 ko mafi girma. Kayan shafawa yana nufin kowane samfurin da ya haɗa da SPF amma ba a nufin ya zama kariya ta taku ba. Turai da Japan sun sanya zane-zanen rana a matsayin na kwalliya.

Amma tun lokacin da FDA ta dauki lokaci mai tsawo kafin ta amince da sabbin sinadarai (ba wanda ya taba shiga tun daga shekarar 1999), Majalisa ta gabatar da Dokar Innovation ta Sunscreen a shekarar 2014. Manufar ita ce a samu FDA din ta sake nazarin yardar da suke da ita na abubuwan da ke jiran hasken rana, ciki har da sababbi wadanda an gabatar da su bayan sanya hannu a kan dokar, kafin Nuwamba Nuwamba 2019.

Har zuwa zaɓin hasken rana, yawancin masu amfani sun juya zuwa siyan hasken rana akan layi daga wasu ƙasashe. Wannan bazai iya kasancewa koyaushe ba saboda abubuwan haɗin kansu. Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, an tsara gilashin hasken rana na ƙasashen waje azaman kayan shafawa, yana sanya su, a gwargwadon rahoto, sun fi daɗin amfani, da wuya su bar farin simintin gyare-gyare, da ƙasa da maiko.

Kuma yayin da ba haramun bane a sayi gilashin hasken rana a ƙasashen waje, siyan su ta hanyar masu siyarwa ba bisa doka ba akan Amazon yaudara ce. Samfurori na iya ƙare ko na jabu.

A saman wannan, waɗannan samfuran na ƙasashen ƙetare na iya zama da wahalar samun dama bayan ƙaddamarwar tana aiki.

A halin yanzu, masu amfani da hasken rana kamar mu dole ne mu ilimantar da kanmu kan abubuwan kunar rana da matakan kariya

Hakanan akwai ka'idoji na zinare don shafa hasken rana. Sake aikace-aikacen kowane awa biyu yana da mahimmanci - musamman idan kuna a waje kamar lambobin SPF ba alamomi bane na tsawon lokacin da ya kamata ku zauna a rana.

Garkuwar rana tana yin tasiri kai tsaye bayan an yi amfani da ita yayin da sunscreens na sunadarai suka ɗauki mintuna 15 zuwa 20 don fara aiki.

Ka guji ba da labari. Rahotanni da bincike sun nuna cewa hasken rana na DIY akan Pinterest suna da mashahuri sosai, duk da cewa hasken rana na DIY ba ya aiki kuma zai iya, a zahiri, ƙara lalacewar fata.

Bayan haka, yayin da hasken rana daga wasu ƙasashe na iya zama mafi kyau, ba dalili bane a riƙe "don mafi kyawun zaɓi" har sai FDA ta amince da su. Mafi kyawun hasken rana don amfani shine wanda kuke amfani dashi.

Taylor Ramble mai sha'awar fata ne, marubuci mai zaman kansa, kuma dalibin fim. A cikin shekaru biyar da suka gabata ta yi aiki a matsayin marubuciya mai zaman kanta da kuma mai rubutun ra'ayin yanar gizo da ke mai da hankali kan batutuwan daga jin daɗi zuwa al'adun gargajiya. Tana jin daɗin rawa, koyo game da abinci da al'ada, gami da ƙarfafawa. A yanzu haka tana aiki ne a Cibiyar Nazarin Gaskiya ta Jami'ar Georgia ta mai da hankali kan tasirin ci gaban fasahohi kan halayya da lafiyar jiki.