Jadawalin rigakafin yara

Wadatacce

• Alurar rigakafin da jariri ya kamata ta sha
• A haihuwa
• Watanni 2
• Watanni 3
• Watanni huɗu
• Wata 5
• Wata 6
• Watanni 9
• Watanni 12
• 15 watanni
• Shekaru 4
• Yaushe za a je likita bayan allurar rigakafi
• Shin yana da lafiya don yin rigakafin yayin COVID-19?

Jadawalin allurar rigakafin jaririn ya hada da allurar rigakafin da dole ne yaron ya sha tun daga lokacin da aka haife shi har zuwa shekaru 4, tunda jaririn lokacin da aka haife shi ba shi da kariyar da ya dace don yaki da cututtuka kuma allurar rigakafin na taimaka wajan karfafa kariya kwayoyin, rage kasadar rashin lafiya da taimakawa yaro ya girma cikin koshin lafiya da bunkasa yadda yakamata.

Dukkanin alluran riga-kafi a kalanda ma'aikatar lafiya ce ta bada shawarar su, don haka, kyauta ne, kuma dole ne ayi su a dakin haihuwa ko a cibiyar lafiya. Yawancin allurar rigakafin ana amfani da su ne a cinya ko hannun yaron kuma yana da mahimmanci iyaye, a ranar allurar, su ɗauki ɗan littafin rigakafin don yin rikodin allurar rigakafin da aka yi, ban da sanya ranar yin rigakafin na gaba.

Duba kyawawan dalilai guda 6 don adana rikodin rigakafin ku na yau da kullun.

Alurar rigakafin da jariri ya kamata ta sha

Dangane da jadawalin allurar rigakafin na shekarar 2020/2021, allurar rigakafin da aka bada shawarar tun daga haihuwa zuwa shekara 4 sune:

A haihuwa

• Alurar riga kafi ta BCG: ana yin ta ne a cikin allurai guda ɗaya kuma tana guje wa nau'ikan cutar tarin fuka, ana amfani da ita a asibitin haihuwa, yawanci ana barin tabo a hannu inda aka yi amfani da allurar, kuma dole ne a samar da shi har tsawon watanni 6;
• Allurar rigakafin hepatitis B: kashi na farko na allurar rigakafin yana hana cutar hepatitis B, wacce cuta ce da kwayar cuta ke haifarwa, HBV, wanda ke iya shafar hanta kuma ya haifar da ci gaba da rikitarwa a duk tsawon rayuwar sa'oi 12 bayan haihuwa.

Watanni 2

• Alurar rigakafin cutar hepatitis B: an ba da shawarar bayar da kashi na biyu;
• Allurar rigakafin kwayar sau uku (DTPa): kashi na farko na allurar rigakafin da ke kare mutum daga kamuwa da cutar diphtheria, tetanus da kuma tari, wadanda cututtuka ne da kwayoyin cuta ke haifarwa;
• Alurar rigakafin Hib: kashi na farko na rigakafin da ke kare kamuwa daga ƙwayoyin cuta Haemophilus mura; 
• Alurar riga kafi ta VIP: kashi na 1 na allurar rigakafin da ke kare rigakafin cutar shan inna, wanda kuma aka fi sani da inna na rashin ƙarfi, wanda cuta ce da ƙwayar cuta ke haifarwa. Duba karin bayani game da rigakafin cutar shan inna;
• Alurar rigakafin Rotavirus: wannan rigakafin yana kariya daga kamuwa da rotavirus, wanda shine babban dalilin ciwon ciki na yara. Za'a iya yin amfani da kashi na biyu har zuwa watanni 7;
• Allurar Pneumococcal VV 10V: Kashi na 1 daga cutar pneumoniacoccal, wanda ke kariya daga cututtukan cututtukan pneumococcal da ke da alhakin cututtuka irin su sankarau, ciwon huhu da otitis. Za'a iya yin amfani da kashi na biyu har zuwa watanni 6.

Watanni 3

• Alurar riga kafi ta Meningococcal C: kashi na daya, a kan serogroup C meningococcal meningitis;
• Alurar rigakafin cutar Meningococcal B: kashi na 1, a kan serogroup B meningococcal meningitis.

Watanni huɗu

• Alurar riga kafi ta VIP: kashi na biyu na allurar rigakafin cutar nakasar yara;
• Kwayar rigakafin kwayar sau uku (DTPa): kashi na biyu na rigakafin;
• Alurar rigakafin Hib: kashi na biyu na allurar rigakafin da ke kare kamuwa daga ƙwayoyin cuta Haemophilus mura.

Wata 5

• Alurar riga kafi ta Meningococcal C: kashi na biyu, a kan serogroup C meningococcal meningitis;
• Alurar rigakafin cutar Meningococcal B: kashi na 1, a kan serogroup B meningococcal meningitis.

Wata 6

• Alurar rigakafin Hepatitis B: an ba da shawarar bayar da kashi na uku na wannan allurar;
• Alurar rigakafin Hib: kashi na uku na allurar rigakafin da ke kare kariya daga kamuwa da ƙwayoyin cuta Haemophilus mura; 
• Alurar riga kafi ta VIP: kashi 3 na allurar rigakafin cutar ƙarancin yara;
• Allurar rigakafin kwayar cuta sau uku: kashi na uku na allurar.

Daga watanni 6 zuwa gaba, ana kuma ba da shawarar a fara yin rigakafi game da kwayar Cutar ta Influenzae, wacce ke da alhakin mura, kuma ya kamata a yi wa yaron rigakafin kowace shekara a lokacin kamfen.

Watanni 9

• Alurar rigakafin cutar zazzabin rawaya: kashi na farko na rigakafin cutar zazzabin shawara.

Watanni 12

• Allurar Pneumococcal: Rearfafa allurar rigakafin cutar sankarau, ciwon huhu da otitis.
• Alurar rigakafin Hepatitis A: kashi na 1, na 2 da aka nuna a watanni 18;
• Allurar rigakafi sau uku: kashi na 1 na allurar riga-kafi da ke kariya daga kyanda, rubella, da kumburi;
• Alurar riga kafi ta cutar sankarar sankara a C: inganta allurar rigakafin cutar sankarau na C. Za a iya gudanar da wannan ƙarfafawar har zuwa watanni 15;
• Alurar rigakafin cutar sankarar sankara a B: karfafa allurar rigakafin cutar sankarau na B, wanda za a iya gudanar da shi har na tsawon watanni 15;
• Alurar riga-kafi ta kaza: kashi na daya;

Daga watanni 12 zuwa gaba ana ba da shawarar cewa a gudanar da allurar rigakafin cutar shan inna ta hanyar bayar da baki ta allurar, da aka sani da OPV, kuma ya kamata a yiwa yaron rigakafin a lokacin kamfen har zuwa shekaru 4.

15 watanni

• Alurar rigakafin Pentavalent: kashi na huɗu na allurar VIP;
• Alurar rigakafin VIP: ƙarfafa allurar rigakafin cutar shan inna, wanda za a iya gudanar da shi har tsawon watanni 18;
• Allurar rigakafi sau uku: kashi na biyu na allurar, wanda za a iya gudanar da shi har zuwa watanni 24;
• Alurar riga kafi ta kaza: kashi na biyu, wanda za a iya gudanarwa har zuwa watanni 24;

Daga watanni 15 zuwa watanni 18, ana bada shawarar karfafa maganin rigakafin kwayar sau uku (DTP) wanda ke kariya daga kamuwa da cutar diphtheria, tetanus da tari, da kuma karfafa allurar da ke kare kamuwa da cutar oHaemophilus mura.

Shekaru 4

• Alurar riga kafi ta DTP: karfafa ƙarfin allurar rigakafi na 2 akan tetanus, diphtheria da tari mai kumburi;
• Alurar rigakafin Pentavalent: kashi na biyar tare da kara karfin DTP a kan tetanus, diphtheria da tari mai kumburi;
• Ofarfafa maganin alurar rigakafin cutar shawara;
• Allurar rigakafin cutar shan inna

Game da mantuwa yana da mahimmanci ayi wa yaro rigakafin da zaran ya yiwu a je cibiyar lafiya, baya ga hakan yana da mahimmanci a dauki dukkan allurai na kowace rigakafin don jaririn ya sami cikakkiyar kariya.

Yaushe za a je likita bayan allurar rigakafi

Bayan jariri yana da rigakafi, ana ba da shawarar zuwa dakin gaggawa idan jaririn yana da:

• Canje-canje a cikin fata kamar ja pellets ko hangula;
• Zazzabi ya fi 39ºC;
• Raɗaɗɗu;
• Rashin wahalar numfashi, yawan tari ko sanya murya yayin numfashi.

Wadannan alamomin galibi suna bayyana har zuwa awanni 2 bayan allurar riga kafi na iya nuna dauki ga allurar. Sabili da haka, lokacin da bayyanar cututtuka suka bayyana, ya kamata ku je wurin likita don kauce wa ɓata yanayin. Bugu da kari, ana kuma ba da shawarar a je wurin likitan yara idan halayen yau da kullun game da allurar, kamar su ja ko ciwo a wurin, ba su ɓace bayan mako guda ba. Anan ga abin da yakamata ayi domin rage illar maganin.

Shin yana da lafiya don yin rigakafin yayin COVID-19?

Alurar riga kafi yana da mahimmanci a kowane lokaci a rayuwa kuma, sabili da haka, bai kamata a katse shi ba yayin lokutan rikici kamar annobar COVID-19.

Don tabbatar da lafiyar kowa, ana kiyaye duk dokokin kiwon lafiya don kare waɗanda ke zuwa wuraren kiwon lafiya na SUS don yin rigakafi.