Jadawalin allurar riga kafi bayan shekaru 4

Wadatacce

• Jadawalin allurar rigakafi tsakanin shekaru 4 zuwa 19
• Shekaru 4
• 5 shekaru
• shekara tara
• 10 zuwa 19 shekaru
• Yaushe za a je likita bayan allurar rigakafi

Tun daga shekara 4, yaro yana buƙatar shan ƙwayoyi masu ƙarfi na wasu alluran, kamar cutar shan inna da wanda ke ba da kariya daga cutar diphtheria, tetanus da tari, wanda aka sani da DTP. Yana da muhimmanci iyaye su sanya ido kan jadawalin allurar rigakafin tare da sanya rigakafin yayansu na zamani, domin kaucewa cututtukan da ka iya haifar da mummunan sakamako ga lafiya har ma su cutar da ci gaban yara ta jiki da hankali.

An ba da shawarar cewa daga watanni 6 a fara gudanar da shekara-shekara na allurar rigakafin mura, wanda aka fi sani da maganin mura. An nuna cewa lokacin da aka gudanar a karo na farko a cikin yara 'yan ƙasa da shekaru 9, ya kamata a yi allurai biyu a tsakanin tazarar kwanaki 30.

Jadawalin allurar rigakafi tsakanin shekaru 4 zuwa 19

An sabunta jadawalin yin allurar rigakafin yara a shekarar 2020 daga Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya, tana tantance alluran rigakafin da kara karfin da ya kamata a sha a kowane zamani, kamar yadda aka nuna a kasa:

Shekaru 4

• Ofarfafa maganin rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta guda uku (DTP), wanda ke karewa daga kamuwa da cutar diphtheria, tetanus da tari: ya kamata a fara allurai ukun farko na rigakafin a farkon watanni na rayuwa, tare da inganta allurar tsakanin watanni 15 zuwa 18, sannan tsakanin shekaru 4 zuwa 5. Ana samun wannan rigakafin a Healthungiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya na Asali ko a asibitoci masu zaman kansu, kuma ana kiranta DTPa. Learnara koyo game da rigakafin DTPa
• Polarfafa cutar shan inna: ana sarrafa shi da baki daga watanni 15 kuma karawa ta biyu ya kamata ayi tsakanin shekaru 4 zuwa 5. Dole ne a fara yin allurai ukun farko na rigakafin a cikin watannin farko na rayuwa a matsayin allura, da aka sani da VIP. Ara koyo game da allurar rigakafin cutar shan inna

5 shekaru

• Ofarfafa maganin alurar rigakafi na Meningococcal (MenACWY), wanda ke kariya daga wasu nau'ikan cutar sankarau: ana samun sa ne a asibitoci masu zaman kansu kuma ana yin allurar rigakafin farko a watanni 3 da 5. Inarfafawa, a gefe guda, ya kamata a yi tsakanin watanni 12 zuwa 15 kuma, daga baya, tsakanin shekaru 5 da 6.

Baya ga bunkasa maganin alurar sankarau, idan yaronka bai inganta DTP ko cutar shan inna ba, ana ba da shawarar ka yi shi.

shekara tara

• Alurar rigakafin HPV ('yan mata), wanda ke kariya daga kamuwa daga cutar kwayar cutar 'Papilloma Virus', wanda baya ga kasancewa da alhakin HPV, yana hana cutar sankarar mahaifa ga 'yan mata: ya kamata a yi amfani da shi a allurai 3 a cikin jadawalin watan 0-2-6, a cikin' yan mata.

Ana iya yin allurar rigakafin ta HPV ga mutane tsakanin shekaru 9 zuwa 45, yawanci ana ba da shawarar mutane har zuwa shekaru 15 su ɗauki allura biyu na allurar bayan bin jadawalin 0-6, wato, kashi na biyu ya kamata a yi bayan 6 watanni na gudanarwa na farko. Ara koyo game da allurar rigakafin HPV.

Hakanan za'a iya yin rigakafin dengue daga shekara 9, amma ana bada shawara ne kawai ga yara masu ɗauke da kwayar cutar a cikin allurai uku.

10 zuwa 19 shekaru

• Alurar rigakafin cutar sankarar sankarau (conjugate), wanda ke hana cutar sankarau na C: ana ba da kashi daya ko kara amfani, ya danganta da matsayin allurar rigakafin yaron;
• Alurar rigakafin HPV (a cikin yara maza): dole ne a yi tsakanin shekaru 11 zuwa 14;
• Cutar hepatitis B: ya kamata a sha cikin allurai 3, idan har yanzu ba a yiwa yaron rigakafin ba;
• Alurar rigakafin cutar zazzabi: Ya kamata a ba da kashi 1 na allurar rigakafin idan har yanzu ba a yiwa yaron rigakafin ba;
• Manya Biyu (dT), wanda ke hana cutar diphtheria da tetanus: ƙarfafawa ya kamata a yi kowane shekara 10;
• Sau uku hoto ko bidiyo mai zagaya yanar gizo da sauri, wanda ke hana kyanda, kumburin ciki da cutuka: ya kamata a sha allurai 2 idan har yanzu ba a yiwa yaron rigakafin ba;
• Boosting maganin DTPa: ga yara waɗanda basu da ƙarfin ƙarfafawa lokacin da suke da shekaru 9.

Kalli bidiyo mai zuwa ka fahimci mahimmancin alurar riga kafi ga lafiya:

Yaushe za a je likita bayan allurar rigakafi

Bayan shan allurar rigakafin, yana da mahimmanci a san alamu na dauki ga allurar, kamar su jan ja da kuncin fata, zazzabi sama da 39ºC, tashin hankali, tari da wahalar numfashi, duk da haka mummunar halayen da suka shafi allurar baƙon abu bane.

Koyaya, lokacin da suka bayyana, yawanci suna bayyana kusan awa 2 bayan an yi rigakafin, kuma ya zama dole a ga likita idan alamun nunawa ga allurar ba su wuce bayan mako 1 ba. Duba yadda ake rage tasirin illolin rigakafin.