Alamomin cutar kansa na mafitsara, manyan dalilan da yadda ake magance su

Wadatacce

• Alamomin cutar kansa na mafitsara
• Babban Sanadin
• Yadda ake ganewar asali
• Yadda za a bi da
• 1. Yin tiyata
• 2. Tsarin rigakafi na BCG
• 3. Radiotherapy
• 4. Chemotherapy

Cutar kansar mafitsara wani nau'in ciwace wanda ya kebanta da ci gaban kwayoyin cuta masu illa a cikin bangon mafitsara, wanda ka iya faruwa saboda shan sigari ko yawan mu'amala da sinadarai kamar fenti, magungunan kashe qwari ko arsenic, alal misali, kamar yadda ake kawar da waɗannan abubuwa ta hanyar fitsari, wanda yana mai da hankali a cikin mafitsara kafin a kawar da shi, kuma yana iya haifar da canje-canje.

Alamomi da alamomin cutar kansar mafitsara suna ci gaba kuma ana iya rikitasu da wasu cututtukan tsarin fitsari, kamar yawan fitsarin yin fitsari, ciwo a cikin ciki, yawan gajiya da rage nauyi ba tare da wani dalili ba. Yana da mahimmanci a gano cutar da zaran an gano alamomin farko, saboda ta haka ne zai yiwu a fara jinya mafi dacewa, a guji rikitarwa da ƙara damar warkarwa.

Alamomin cutar kansa na mafitsara

Kwayar cututtukan ciwon daji na mafitsara suna bayyana kamar ƙwayoyin cuta masu haɗari suna haɓaka kuma suna tsoma baki tare da aikin wannan ɓangaren. Don haka, manyan alamu da alamomin wannan nau'in cutar kansa sune:

• Jini a cikin fitsarin, wanda galibi akan gano shi yayin binciken fitsari a dakin gwaje-gwaje;
• Jin zafi ko jin zafi yayin yin fitsari;
• Jin zafi a cikin ƙananan ciki;
• Needarin buƙatar fitsari;
• Kwatsam yin fitsari;
• Rashin fitsari;
• Gajiya;
• Rashin ci;
• Rashin nauyi mara nauyi.

Alamu da alamomin cutar kansar mafitsara sun saba da sauran cututtukan da ke cikin fitsarin, kamar su cutar kansa ta mafitsara, kamuwa da cutar yoyon fitsari, tsakuwar koda ko matsalar rashin yin fitsari, don haka ba shi da muhimmanci babban likita ko likitan fitsarin ya ba da shawarar a yi gwaje-gwaje. don gano dalilin alamun cutar kuma don haka nuna mafi dacewa magani.

Babban Sanadin

Yawancin abubuwa masu guba suna bi ta mafitsara wacce ake kawar da ita daga cikin jini ta hanyar fitsari, wacce muke haduwa da ita a kullum ta hanyar cin abinci, numfashi da kuma saduwa da fata.

Wadannan abubuwa, wadanda suke cikin sigari, magungunan kashe qwari, rinayoyi da magunguna, kamar su cyclophosphamide da arsenic, alal misali, suna mu'amala da bangon mafitsara, kuma dadewa yana iya haifar da samuwar kwayoyin cutar kansa.

Yadda ake ganewar asali

A gaban alamu da alamomin da ke nuna kansar mafitsara, yana da mahimmanci a nemi likitan mahaifa, don a gudanar da kimantawa na asibiti, gwajin jiki da gwaje-gwaje na dakin gwaje-gwaje, kamar su binciken fitsari, hanyar fitsari ta duban dan tayi, MRI ko CT scan, da cystoscopy, wanda ya hada da gabatar da siririn bututu ta cikin mafitsara don lura da cikin mafitsara. Fahimci yadda ake yin cystoscopy.

Bugu da kari, idan ana zargin cutar daji, likita ya ba da shawarar yin nazarin halittu, inda za a dauki karamin samfurin daga canjin yankin mafitsara don a kimanta shi ta hanyar amfani da kwayar cuta don tabbatar da cewa canjin yana da kyau ko mara kyau.

Bayan haka, matakai na gaba don ayyana tsanani da maganin kansar mafitsara ya dogara da matakin ci gaban kansa:

• Mataki na 0 - ba tare da shaidar kumburi ko ciwace-ciwacen da ke cikin rufin mafitsara ba;
• Mataki na 1 - ƙari yana wucewa ta cikin ruɓaɓɓen mafitsara, amma bai kai ga ƙwayar tsoka ba;
• Mataki na 2 - ƙari wanda ke shafar murfin murfin mafitsara;
• Mataki na 3 - ƙari wanda ya wuce bayan murfin murfin mafitsara ya isa ga kayan da ke kewaye;
• Mataki na 4 - kumburin ya bazu zuwa sassan lymph da gabobin makwabta, ko zuwa wurare masu nisa.

Matakin da ciwon sankarar ke ciki ya dogara da lokacin da mutumin ya inganta shi, sabili da haka, yana da matukar mahimmanci a gano cutar da farkon jinyar da wuri-wuri.

Yadda za a bi da

Maganin kansar mafitsara ya dogara da matakin da kuma matakin shigar da gaɓar, kuma ana iya yin sa ta hanyar tiyata, chemotherapy, radiotherapy da immunotherapy, kamar yadda likita ya nuna. Lokacin da aka gano kansar mafitsara a matakan farko, akwai babbar dama ta warkewa kuma, sabili da haka, ganewar wuri da mahimmanci yana da mahimmanci.

Don haka, gwargwadon matakin cutar, alamun bayyanar da mutum da lafiyar gabaɗaya suka gabatar, mahimman hanyoyin magance su sune:

1. Yin tiyata

Yin aikin tiyata shine mafi yawan maganin da aka yi amfani dashi don warkar da irin wannan ciwon daji, amma, yana da sakamako mai kyau kawai lokacin da ciwon ya kasance a matakan farko kuma yana nan. Wasu hanyoyin aikin tiyata waɗanda za'a iya amfani dasu sune:

• Rushewar transurethral: ya kunshi gogewa, cirewa ko kone shi lokacin da yake karami karami kuma yana saman mafitsara;
• Segmental cystectomy: ya kunshi cire wani bangare na mafitsara wanda kumburin ya shafa;
• Cystectomy mai tsattsauran ra'ayi: wanda aka aiwatar a matakan ci gaba na cutar kuma ya ƙunshi jimlar cire mafitsara.

A cikin jimlar cire mafitsara, ƙwayoyin lymph ko wasu gabobin da ke kusa da mafitsara wanda ke iya samun ƙwayoyin kansa. Game da maza, gabobin da aka cire su ne prostate, da kwayar halittar jini da kuma wani bangare na jijiyoyin jiki. A cikin mata, ana cire mahaifa, ovaries, fallopian tubes da kuma wani yanki na farji.

2. Tsarin rigakafi na BCG

Immunotherapy yana amfani da kwayoyi waɗanda ke ƙarfafa tsarin rigakafi don afkawa ƙwayoyin kansar kuma ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin yanayin kansar mafitsara ko kuma don hana sabon ci gaban kansa, bayan tiyata, misali.

Maganin da ake amfani da shi a immunotherapy shine BCG, wani bayani ne wanda ke dauke da kwayoyin cuta masu rai da kuma rauni, wadanda ake shigar dasu cikin mafitsara ta hanyar catheter, wanda zai karfafa garkuwar jiki don kashe kwayoyin cutar kansa. Mai haƙuri ya kamata ya ajiye maganin BCG a cikin mafitsara na kimanin awanni 2 kuma ana yin maganin sau ɗaya a mako, na makonni 6.

3. Radiotherapy

Irin wannan maganin yana amfani da fitila don kawar da ƙwayoyin kansa kuma ana iya yin su kafin a yi tiyata, don rage girman kumburi, ko bayan tiyata, don kawar da ƙwayoyin kansar waɗanda har yanzu suna nan.

Ana iya yin radiotherapy a waje, ta hanyar amfani da na’urar da ke maida hankali kan jujjuya kan yankin mafitsara, ko kuma ta hanyar iska ta ciki, inda aka sanya wata na’ura a cikin mafitsara wacce ke fitar da sinadarin rediyo. Ana gudanar da jiyya a wasu 'yan lokuta a mako, har tsawon makonni, ya danganta da matakin ciwace-ciwacen.

4. Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy na kansar mafitsara yana amfani da magunguna don kawar da ƙwayoyin kansa, kuma magani ɗaya ne kawai ko haɗuwa biyu za a iya amfani da su.

A cikin marasa lafiyar da ke da cutar kansar mafitsara, likita na iya amfani da maganin ƙwaƙwalwar ciki, wanda ake shigar da maganin kai tsaye cikin mafitsara ta hanyar catheter, kuma ya ci gaba na tsawon awanni. Ana yin wannan maganin sau ɗaya a mako, don makonni da yawa.