Primary biliary cirrhosis: menene menene, cututtuka da kuma yadda za'a magance su

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali
• Matsaloli da ka iya haddasawa
• Yadda ake yin maganin

Primary biliary cirrhosis cuta ce ta yau da kullun wacce mahaɗan bile da ke cikin hanta ana lalata su sannu a hankali, suna hana fitowar bile, wanda abu ne da hanta ke samarwa kuma ana adana shi a cikin gallbladder kuma wanda ke taimakawa cikin narkewar abinci mai ƙoshin abinci. Sabili da haka, bile da aka tara a cikin hanta na iya haifar da kumburi, lalacewa, tabo da kuma ci gaba da ciwan hanta.

Har yanzu ba a sami magani ba na farko na biliary cirrhosis, duk da haka, saboda cutar na iya haifar da mummunan lahani na hanta, akwai wasu jiyya da likitan ciki ko likitan hanta ya nuna waɗanda ke da niyyar jinkirta ci gaban cutar da sauƙaƙe alamomin kamar ciwo a cikin ciki, gajiya yawan kumburi ko kumburi a ƙafa ko ƙafa, misali.

Idan aka tsawanta toshewar bututun butul, zai yuwu a samu mummunan rauni da sauri cikin hanta, wanda ke alamta cutar biliary cirrhosis, wacce galibi ake dangantawa da kasancewar duwatsun mafitsara ko ƙari.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

A mafi yawan lokuta, ana gano biliary cirrhosis kafin kowane alamu ya bayyana, musamman ta hanyar gwajin jini da akeyi saboda wani dalili ko kuma na yau da kullun. Koyaya, alamomin farko na iya haɗawa da yawan gajiya, fatar jiki da ma bushewar idanu ko baki.

Lokacin da cutar ta kasance a wani mataki na ci gaba, alamun cutar na iya zama:

• Jin zafi a yankin dama na ciki na ciki;
• Hadin gwiwa;
• Ciwon tsoka;
• Feetafafun kumbura da duwawu;
• Ciki mai kumbura sosai;
• Taruwar ruwa a ciki, wanda ake kira ascites;
• Adadin kitse akan fatar da ke kewaye da idanu, fatar ido ko tafin hannu, tafin kafa, gwiwar hannu ko gwiwoyi;
• Fata mai launin rawaya da idanu;
• Bonesarin kasusuwa masu rauni, ƙara haɗarin karaya;
• Babban cholesterol;
• Gudawa tare da kujeru masu ƙanshi sosai;
• Hypothyroidism;
• Rashin nauyi ba tare da wani dalili ba.

Wadannan alamun alamun na iya zama alamun sauran matsalolin hanta kuma, sabili da haka, yana da kyau a tuntuɓi likitan hanta ko likitan ciki don bincika daidai da kuma kawar da wasu cututtukan tare da alamun bayyanar.

Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali

Ganewar asali na biliary cirrhosis ana yin ta ne ta hanyar likitan hanta ko masanin jijiya dangane da tarihin asibiti, alamomin da mutum ya gabatar da gwaje-gwajen da suka haɗa da:

• Gwajin jini don bincika matakan cholesterol, hanta enzymes da ƙwayoyin cuta don gano cutar ta atomatik;
• Duban dan tayi;
• Hanyoyin fuska ta maganadisu;
• Osarshen hoto.

Bugu da kari, likita na iya yin odar biopsy na hanta don tabbatar da cutar ko tantance matakin farko na biliary cirrhosis. Gano yadda ake yin biopsy na hanta.

Matsaloli da ka iya haddasawa

Dalilin kamuwa da cutar biliary cirrhosis ba a san shi ba, amma galibi ana haɗuwa da mutane tare da cututtukan autoimmune kuma, sabili da haka, yana yiwuwa jiki da kansa ya fara aiwatar da kumburi wanda ke lalata ƙwayoyin bile ducts. Wannan kumburin zai iya wucewa zuwa sauran kwayoyin hanta kuma ya haifar da bayyanar lalacewa da tabon da zai iya daidaita aikin gabobin.

Sauran abubuwan da zasu iya haifar da haifar da cututtukan biliary cirrhosis sune cututtuka da ƙwayoyin cuta kamar su Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium gordonae ko Nazadarwan aromaticivorans, fungi ko tsutsotsi irin su Opisthorchis.

Bugu da kari, mutanen da ke shan sigari ko kuma wadanda suke da dangi da ke fama da cutar biliary cirrhosis na cikin kasadar kamuwa da cutar.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Babu maganin warkar da cutar biliary cirrhosis, duk da haka, ana iya amfani da wasu magunguna don jinkirta ci gaban cutar da sauƙaƙe alamomin, waɗanda suka haɗa da:

• Ursodeoxycholic acid (Ursodiol ko Ursacol): ita ce ɗayan magungunan farko da aka yi amfani da su a cikin waɗannan lamuran, saboda yana taimakawa bile don ratsawa ta tashoshi da barin hanta, rage kumburi da hana hanta lahani;
• Obeticolic acid (Ocaliva): wannan maganin yana taimakawa hanta aiki, rage alamun da ci gaban cutar kuma ana iya amfani dashi shi kadai ko tare da ursodeoxycholic acid;
• Fenofibrate (Lipanon ko Lipidil): wannan magani yana taimaka wajan rage cholesterol na jini da triglycerides kuma, idan aka yi amfani dashi tare da ursodeoxycholic acid, yana taimakawa rage kumburin hanta da kuma rage bayyanar cututtuka kamar gamammiyar fata mai taushi.

A cikin mawuyacin yanayi, wanda amfani da kwayoyi ba ze jinkirta ci gaban cutar ba ko kuma lokacin da alamun suka ci gaba da kasancewa mai tsananin gaske, likitan hanta zai iya ba da shawarar dashen hanta, don tsawanta rayuwar mutum.

Yawancin lokaci, al'amuran dasawa suna nasara kuma cutar ta ɓace gaba ɗaya, yana maido da ingancin rayuwar mutum, amma yana iya zama dole a kasance cikin jerin jira don hanta mai dacewa. Gano yadda ake yin dashen hanta.

Bugu da kari, abu ne na yau da kullun ga mutanen da ke fama da cutar sanyin jiki don samun wahalar shayar da mai da bitamin. Ta wannan hanyar, likita na iya ba da shawara ga mai bibiya tare da masaniyar abinci mai gina jiki don fara ƙarin bitamin, musamman bitamin A, D da K da kuma yin daidaitaccen abinci tare da ƙarancin amfani da gishiri.