Gram tabo: yadda ake yinta da kuma me don ta

Wadatacce

• Yadda ake yin tabo na Gram
• Menene don

Tabon gram, ko kuma kawai Gram, fasaha ce mai sauri da sauƙi wacce ke da nufin bambance kwayar cuta gwargwadon halaye na bangon kwayar halittar su bayan bayyanuwa zuwa launuka daban-daban da mafita.

Don haka, ta hanyar tabo kwayar gram, yana yiwuwa a iya tabbatarwa, ban da siffar ƙwayoyin cuta, launi da suka samu, kuma wannan sakamakon yana da mahimmanci don bayyana wasu dabarun gano ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma likita don nuna maganin rigakafi bisa ga abubuwan da ake lura dasu ta hanyar microscopically.

Gram staining yawanci ana yin shi ne a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje kuma yana daga cikin gwajin kwayar cutar. Fahimci menene kwayar cuta da kuma yadda ake yin ta.

Yadda ake yin tabo na Gram

Tabon gram hanya ce mai sauri, mai amfani kuma mai arha don gano ƙwayoyin cuta masu alhakin kamuwa da cuta, kasancewa mai amfani ga likitoci don nuna maganin rigakafin kamuwa da cutar da ke iya faruwa, tunda an san halaye na musamman na waɗannan rukunin ƙwayoyin,

Ana yin gram a cikin manyan matakai guda 7, duk da haka yarjejeniyar na iya bambanta dangane da dakin binciken:

1. Sanya wasu yankuna na kwayar cutar a zamewar, tana kara digo na ruwa don sauwake hadewar yankunan.
2. Bar shi ya ɗan ɗan ɓata, kuma ruwan zai iya wucewa da sauri ta cikin harshen wuta don son bushewa, duk da haka yana da mahimmanci a kula da yanayin zafin, tunda idan yanayin zafin ya yi yawa yana yiwuwa akwai canjin yanayin tsarin kwayoyin cuta, wanda zai iya tsoma baki tare da sakamakon gwajin;
3. Idan nunin ya bushe, sai a rufe shi da dye mai lu'ulu'u a bar shi ya yi kamar minti 1;
4. Wanke zamewar tare da rafin ruwan famfo kuma rufe slide tare da lugol, wanda ke da makasudin gyaran fenti mai shuɗi, kuma bari ya yi aiki na minti 1. Duk nau'ikan kwayoyin cuta guda biyu suna iya shafar hadadden abin da rina da lugol suka kirkira, suka zama shudi;
5. Bayan haka, a wanke zafin da ruwan da yake kwarara sannan a shafa barasa kashi 95%, a barshi ya yi aiki na dakika 30. Alkahol yana da alhakin narkewa daga murfin lipid wanda ke samar da kwayoyin cuta na gram-negative kuma, don haka, cire hadadden abun da aka samu tsakanin rini da lugol, yana canza wadannan kwayoyin cuta. Koyaya, a game da ƙwayoyin gram-tabbatacce, giya tana busar da katangar ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin-gram-tabbatacce, yana haifar da ramuka su yi kwangila tare da sanya su mara kariya;
6. Bayan haka, ya kamata a sake wankeshi a ƙarƙashin ruwa mai gudu kuma a rufe zirin da fenti na biyu, fuchsin ko safranin kuma a bar shi ya yi aiki na dakika 30;
7. Bayan haka, wanke zamewar a ƙarƙashin ruwan famfo kuma ba shi damar bushewa a zafin ɗakin.

Da zaran nunin ya bushe, yana yiwuwa a sanya digo na mai nitsarwa kuma a lura da nunin a ƙarƙashin microscope tare da makasudin 100x, yana yiwuwa a bincika kasancewar ko babu ƙwayoyin cuta, kazalika da kasancewar yis da kwayoyin epithelial.

Menene don

Cikakken gram yana da babbar manufar bambance kwayar cuta gwargwadon halaye na bangon kwayar halitta da kuma ilimin halittar gaba ɗaya. Don haka, gwargwadon halayen da aka gani a ƙarƙashin madubin likita, ana iya rarraba ƙwayoyin cuta cikin:

• Gram-tabbatacce kwayoyin, waɗanda ake gani da launin shuɗi saboda gaskiyar cewa ba sa maye da barasa, tunda suna da bangon ƙwayoyi masu kauri kuma raminsu yana takurawa lokacin da aka nuna su ga lugol;
• Kwayoyin gram-negative, waɗanda ake gani tare da launin ruwan hoda / shunayya saboda gaskiyar cewa maye gurɓataccen abu ne da kuma safranin ko fuchsin.

Bayan an hango kwayoyin cutar a karkashin madubin hangen nesa, akwai yiwuwar a gudanar da wasu gwaje-gwaje a dakin gwaje-gwaje don gano jinsin kwayar. Koyaya, ta hanyar Gram da haɗin gwiwa tare da alamomi da alamomin da mutum ya gabatar, likita na iya nuna maganin rigakafin har sai an sami sakamakon ƙarin takamaiman gwaje-gwaje, saboda ta wannan hanyar yana yiwuwa a rage saurin kwayar kwayar cuta da hana rikice-rikice.