Takaitaccen Takaddama Game da Rikicin Game da 'Yan Wasan Canji - Kuma Me Yasa Suke Cancantar Cikakken Tallafinku

Wadatacce

• Me yasa muke Magana game da 'yan wasan Transgender Yanzu
• Yawancin Waɗannan Kuɗi suna Raba Ƙungiya Ta 'Jima'in Halitta'
• Babban Da'awar: 'Yan matan Transgender suna da "Fa'idar rashin adalci"
• Abin da Waɗannan Kuɗi ke nufi ga 'yan wasan Transgender
• Yadda Abokan Cisgender Zasu Iya Nuna Taimakon Su
• Bita don

Tare da ƙara yawan wuraren taruwar jama'a suna gyara ƙofar banɗaki da alamun "Duk Jinsi Maraba", Sanya samun nadin na Golden Globe guda biyu, da Laverne Cox da Elliot Page suna ƙarfafa wuraren su azaman sunayen gida, gaskiya ne cewa, a wurare da yawa, ra'ayoyin jama'a game da jinsi (a ƙarshe) yana haɓakawa, kuma yana ƙara samun karbuwa ga daidaikun mutane.

Amma 'yan wasan transgender da ke kan kotu, a cikin tafkin, da kuma tudun ruwa suna fuskantar yanayi daban-daban a duniyar wasanni.

Casey Pick babban jami'in bayar da shawarwari da al'amuran gwamnati a The Trevor Project ya ce "A cikin jihohi da dama a fadin kasar, an yi kokarin hana 'yan wasan transgender shiga wasannin makaranta a kungiyoyin da suka yi daidai da ko wanene su." , Ƙungiyoyin sa-kai da ke mayar da hankali kan rigakafin kashe kansa ga 'yan madigo, 'yan luwaɗi, bisexual, transgender, queer, da tambayar matasa. A mafi girman matakin, wannan yana nufin cewa 'yan matan transgender a cikin waɗannan jihohin an hana su shiga cikin wasanni tare da sauran 'yan mata bisa doka, kuma mazan transgender ba za su iya shiga wasanni tare da samarin transgender ba. Amma a zurfafa zurfafa, kuma za ku gane cewa waɗannan haramcin suna da fa'ida fiye da varsity rosters.

Karanta don ƙarin fahimtar dalilin da yasa ake sanya waɗannan haramcin yanzu, abin da suke nufi ga 'yan wasan transgender, haka kuma me yasa facade na "adalci" da ke kewaye da waɗannan haramcin ba shine abin da alama.

Me yasa muke Magana game da 'yan wasan Transgender Yanzu

Jikunan 'yan tsirarun jinsi (' yan mata, mata, mutanen da ba na binary ba) sun kasance tushen hasashe da wariya a wasanni. Dubi duk abin da ya faru da Caster Semenya, 'yar tseren tseren Olympics sau biyu. Semenya ta kasance mai tsananin sanya ido a jikinta tun 2009 bayan ta murkushe tseren mita 800 a gasar zakarun duniya a Berlin, Jamus. An same ta tana da hyperandrogenism, wanda ke nufin matakan testosterone a dabi'ance sun fi "daidaitaccen ma'aunin mata." Tun daga wannan lokacin, ta sha fama da matsananciyar faɗa tare da Ƙungiyar Ƙungiyoyin Ƙwallon Ƙwallon Ƙwallon Ƙwallon Ƙwallon Ƙwallon Ƙwallon Ƙwallon Ƙasa ta Duniya don kare kambunta da haƙƙin tsere a cikin mata masu tasowa.

Koyaya, wasannin Olympics na Tokyo mai zuwa da labarai na baya-bayan nan da ke kewaye da mai tseren jinsi CeCé Telfer sun sake sanya al'amura da ƙalubalen daidaita wasannin transgender a cikin tabo. Ba za a bar Telfer ta shiga gasar wasannin Olympics na Amurka ba don tseren mita 400 na mata saboda ba ta cika sharuddan cancantar da World Athletics, hukumar gudanar da kasa da kasa ta gudanar da wasannin motsa jiki ba, a cewar kamfanin dillacin labarai na Associated Press. Bukatun cancanta - waɗanda aka saki a cikin 2019 kuma sun haɗa da, alal misali, matakan testosterone suna buƙatar zama ƙasa da nanomoles 5 a kowace lita na tsawon watanni 12 - rufe abubuwan mata na duniya tsakanin mita 400 da mil ga 'yan wasan da ba su sadu ba su. Duk da koma baya, Telfer da alama tana ɗaukar hukunci cikin hanzari. A wani sako da ya wallafa a Instagram jim kadan bayan da labarin ya bayyana, Telfer ya rubuta cewa, "Ba zan iya tsayawa ba ba zai daina ba🙏🏾. Babu wani abu da zai rike wadannan 🦵🏾. Ni mai damuwa da Allah ne kuma soja. Ina yi ne don nawa. mutane kuma ina yi muku ❤️🌈💜💛. "

Sannan kuma, a ranar 2 ga watan Yuli, an yanke hukuncin cewa wasu 'yan wasa biyu ba su cancanci shiga wasu wasannin guje-guje da tsalle-tsalle na mata a wasannin da za a yi ba, saboda matakan testosterone, duk da kasancewarsu cisgender; 'Yan wasan Namibia Christine Mboma da Beatrice Masilingi, dukkansu' yan shekara 18, an tilasta su janye daga tseren mita 400 bayan gwaje-gwajen da aka yi sun nuna matakan testosterone sun yi yawa, a cewarSanarwar da kwamitin wasannin Olympic na Namibia ya fitar. Sakamakon gwajin su ya nuna cewa duka 'yan wasan suna da matakan testosterone a dabi'a wanda ya hana su daga abubuwan da ke faruwa tsakanin mita 400 zuwa 1600, bisa ga dokar' yan wasa ta duniya; duk da haka, har yanzu za su iya yin gasa a tseren mita 100 da mita 200 a Tokyo.

Gwamnatin Namibia ta mayar da martani tare da ba da sanarwar goyan bayan 'yan wasan, tana mai cewa, "Ma'aikatar ta yi kira ga' yan wasan Namibia da kwamitin wasannin Olympics na Namibia da su hada hannu da kungiyar 'yan wasan guje -guje ta kasa da kasa (wanda yanzu ake kira World Athletics) da kwamitin wasannin Olympics na duniya don neman hanyoyin da za su iya. kada ku ware kowane ɗan wasa saboda yanayin yanayi wanda ba nasu bane, "a cewar Reuters.

Amma wasannin Olympics na gaba ba shi da dalilin da yasa 'yan wasan transgender ke yin kanun labarai, kodayake; Jihohi da yawa sun ɗauki matakan kwanan nan waɗanda ke hana ɗaliban transgender daga wasanni. Tun daga farkon 2021, Alabama, Arkansas, Mississippi, Montana, South Dakota, West Virginia, Tennessee, da Florida duk sun sanya takunkumin da ke hana ɗaliban transgender shiga cikin ƙungiyar masu haƙƙin jinsi a makarantun jama'a. Florida ita ce jiha ta baya-bayan nan da ta yi hakan, inda Gwamnan Florida Ron DeSantis ya rattaba hannu kan wata doka da aka yi wa lakabi da yaudara, "Adalci a Dokar Wasannin Mata" a ranar 1 ga Yuni na wannan shekara (wanda, a, ya zama ranar farko ta watan Alfahari). Yawancin wasu jihohi (North Carolina, Texas, Michigan, da Oklahoma don suna kawai) suna ƙoƙarin zartar da irin wannan doka.

Yawancin hayaniyar da ke kewaye da waɗannan takaddun sun sa jama'a su yi imani cewa ƙarami, ƙungiyoyin gandun daji na ƙasa suna ƙara rura wutar wannan gobarar - amma wannan ba haka bane. Maimakon haka, "wannan ana gudanar da shi na kasa kungiyoyi masu adawa da LGBTQ kamar Alliance Defence Freedom, wanda babban manufarsa ba shine kare mata da 'yan mata a cikin wasanni ba, a maimakon haka a nisanta jinsi da matasa marasa bin juna, "in ji Pick. a kan karuwar yarda da girmamawa da al'ummar LGBTQ ta samu a cikin 'yan shekarun nan. "Wannan zance ne kawai game da siyasa, wariya, kuma ana yin hakan ta hanyar cutar da lafiyar kwakwalwa da jin daɗin matasa masu canza jinsi a cikin ƙasar," Ta ce.

Don fayyace: Waɗannan takaddun takaddun musamman sun shafi yara da suka kai shekaru a makarantun gwamnati. The National Collegiate Athletic Association da gasar Olympic na duniya ba kai tsaye ya shafi a nan; wadannan hukumomin za su ci gaba da yin nasu dokokin.

Yawancin Waɗannan Kuɗi suna Raba Ƙungiya Ta 'Jima'in Halitta'

Harshen ainihin lissafin kuɗi ya bambanta kaɗan, amma galibi suna cewa ɗalibai dole ne su yi gasa tare da ƙungiyoyi dangane da jima'i na halittar su, wanda lissafin Florida ya bayyana azaman jima'i da aka yiwa alama akan takardar haihuwar ɗalibai a lokacin haihuwa: M (na namiji) ko F (na mace).

Yayinda ake yawan amfani da shi don rarrabuwa da tsara al'umma, ba a fahimci manufar jima'i ta halitta ba. Yawanci, mutane suna tunanin jima'i na halitta shine ma'aunin "menene tsakanin ƙafafun ku," zaɓuɓɓuka biyu shine 'namiji' (yana da azzakari) ko 'mace' (yana da farji). Ba kawai ragewa ba, wannan fahimtar rashin kimiyya ce. Jima'i na nazarin halittu ba na binaristic bane - yana wanzu akan bakan. Mutane da yawa suna da haɗe-haɗe (matakin hormonal, daidaitawar al'aura, gabobin haihuwa, tsarin girma gashi, da sauransu) waɗanda ba su dace da kwalayen 'namiji' da 'mace' ba.

Ni yarinya ce kuma ni mai gudu ne. Ina shiga wasannin motsa jiki kamar takwarorina don su yi fice, samun al'umma, da ma'ana a rayuwata. Ba daidai ba ne kuma mai raɗaɗi ne dole ne a kai hari ga nasarori na kuma a yi watsi da aikina.

Terry Miller, mai tseren jinsi, a cikin sanarwa ga ACLU

Matsalar raba ɗalibai ta amfani da wannan hanyar ta kasu kashi biyu. Na farko, yana ƙarfafa binary na halitta wanda babu shi. Na biyu, yana cire jinsi daga lissafin gaba ɗaya. (Duba: Abin da Mutane Ke Yin Kuskure Game da Trans Community, A cewar Malamin Jima'i)

Jinsi ya bambanta da jima'i, kuma yana nufin tsarin halaye, halaye, da ɗanɗano waɗanda ake tunanin za su bi maza, mata, mutanen da ba na binary ba, manyan mutane, da duk wani wanda ke zaune a duk faɗin jinsi. Hanya mai sauƙi ta tunani game da ita ita ce jima'i shine abin da kuka samu ta jiki, yayin da jinsi shine abin da kuka samu a cikin zuciya, tunani, da ruhin ku.

Ga wasu mutane, jinsinsu da jinsinsu, wanda aka sani da kasancewa cisgender. Amma ga sauran mutane, jima'i da jinsi ba sa daidaitawa, wanda aka sani da zama transgender. Kuɗin da ake tambaya yana tasiri na ƙarshe. (Ƙari anan: LGBTQ+ Ƙamus na Jinsi da Mahimmancin Ma'anar Abokan Hulɗa Ya Kamata Su Sani)

Babban Da'awar: 'Yan matan Transgender suna da "Fa'idar rashin adalci"

Waɗannan takaddun ba wai suna nufin 'yan matan transgender kawai ba, amma kamar yadda sunan waɗannan takaddun ke ba da shawara - a Idaho da Florida shine "Adalci a Dokar Wasan Mata" yayin da a Mississippi ita ce "Dokar Adalci ta Mississippi" - babban da'awar waɗanda ke goyon baya daga cikinsu shine 'yan matan transgender suna da fa'idar rashin adalci ta asali idan aka kwatanta da' yan matan cisgender.

Amma babu wata hujja ta kimiyya da ta ce bai kamata a bar mata masu canza jinsi su yi wasa da wasu 'yan mata ba, in ji likitan yara kuma masanin ilimin halittu Eric Vilain, MD, mai ba da shawara ga kwamitin Olympics na kasa da kasa da kuma NCAA, wanda ya yi magana da shi. NPR.

Magoya bayan wadannan kudade suna nuni ne ga binciken da aka yi a baya wanda ya nuna cewa, idan aka kwatanta da matan cisgender, mazan cisgender suna da kusan kashi 10 zuwa 12 cikin 100 na wasannin motsa jiki, wanda aka danganta a wani bangare zuwa matakin girma na hormone testosterone, wanda ke da alhakin karuwa. yawan tsoka da ƙarfi. Amma (kuma wannan yana da mahimmanci!) matan transgender mata ne, ba mazan cisgender ba! Don haka ba za a iya amfani da waɗannan binciken ba don da'awar cewa 'yan mata ko mata masu canza jinsi suna da fa'ida mara kyau akan 'yan matan cisgender. (Dubi: Ta Yaya Canza Canji yake Shafar Wasan Wasan Wasan Wasan Kwaikwayo?)

Bugu da ari, "daliban transgender da ke fuskantar maganin hormone suna yin haka a matsayin magani a karkashin kulawar likita, don haka ya kamata a bar su su shiga wasanni kamar kowane dalibi da likitansu ya rubuta magani," in ji Pick.

Magoya bayan waɗannan takaddun kuma suna sake maimaitawa don bin diddigin taurari Terry Miller da Andraya Yearwood a Connecticut (jihar da ke ba da damar 'yan wasa su yi gasa a wasanni gwargwadon asalin jinsi) waɗanda ke yawan cin tsere kuma suna faruwa a matsayin transgender. (Don ƙarin koyo game da waɗannan masu tsere, duba Nancy Podcast Kashi na 43: "Lokacin da Suka Yi Nasara.")

Ga abin da ke faruwa: Akwai sama da ɗalibai miliyan 56.4 a Amurka, tsakanin makarantun gaba da sakandare da aji na 12, gami da makarantun gwamnati da masu zaman kansu. Ƙididdiga ta nuna cewa kusan kashi biyu cikin ɗari na waɗannan ɗaliban transgender ne, ma'ana akwai kusan ɗaliban transgender miliyan ɗaya a Amurka Kuma da yawa daga cikin ɗaliban miliyan ɗaya suna shiga cikin wasanni. Pick, ya ce "Duk da haka, [masu goyon bayan kudirin] dole ne su ci gaba da kiran sunan guda ɗaya ko biyu saboda 'yan wasan transgender ba su mamaye wasanni ba," in ji Pick. "Don haka duk wani tasiri na testosterone, mun san cewa ba ya haifar da wani rinjaye." A taƙaice: Abin da ake kira fa'idar rashin adalci ba shi da tushe a zahiri.

Hakikanin gaskiya rashin adalci shine wariyar da waɗannan matasa 'yan wasan transgender ke fuskanta. Kamar yadda Miller, ɗaya daga cikin taurarin waƙa na transgender a Connecticut, ya ce a cikin wata sanarwa ga ACLU: "Na fuskanci wariya a kowane bangare na rayuwata [...]. Ni yarinya ce kuma ni mai gudu ne. Na shiga ciki. wasannin motsa jiki kamar yadda takwarorina suka yi fice, neman al'umma, da ma'ana a rayuwata. Ba daidai ba ne kuma mai raɗaɗi ne tilas a kai hari ga nasarorin da aka samu kuma an yi watsi da aikina. "

Abin da Waɗannan Kuɗi ke nufi ga 'yan wasan Transgender

Tare da wucewar waɗannan takaddun, ɗaliban transgender ba za su iya yin gasa a kan ƙungiyoyi tare da wasu mutane a cikin nau'ikan jinsi ba. Amma kuma yana nufin cewa wataƙila, waɗannan ɗaliban transgender ba za su iya kasancewa cikin kowace ƙungiyar wasanni kwata-kwata ba. Yayin da 'yan majalisa suka ce wadannan 'yan matan da suka canza jinsi za su iya yin gasa a kungiyoyin maza kuma maza masu canza jinsi za su iya yin gasa a kungiyoyin 'yan mata, yana iya zama mai matukar illa ga tunani da tunani yin wasa a kungiyar da ba ta dace da jinsin ku ba.

"Tilastawa mai canza jinsi ya yi kamar su ba transgender ba ne ko sanya su da jinsin da ba su dace da shi ba yana haifar da cutar kansa da kuma yawan kashe kansa," in ji kwararren lafiyar kwakwalwa Kryss Shane, M.S., L.M.S.W., marubucin littafin. Jagoran Malamai zuwa Hada LGBT. Hakanan yana sanya su cikin haɗari don tursasawa. "Hadarin cin zarafi yana da yawa," in ji ta. Idan ɗalibi ya zaɓi kada ya yi wasa, "an hana su damar kasancewa, aiki tare, motsa jiki, amincewa da kai, da duk sauran abubuwan da kowane matashi ke samu daga shiga wasannin makaranta," in ji Pick.

Notesauki bayanin kula cewa a halin yanzu kusan rabin ɗaliban transgender suna ba da rahoton tabbatar da wanda suke a makaranta. Idan/lokacin da aka zartar, "waɗannan kuɗaɗen za su buƙaci a bin doka da oda don makarantun da ke yarda su nuna halin nuna wariya ga waɗannan matasa," in ji ta. Kuna ƙare da halin da ake ciki, daga 8 na safe zuwa 3 na yamma. Ana tabbatar da jinsin mutum da kuma tabbatar da shi, sannan a lokacin wasan motsa jiki, ba haka bane, in ji Pick. "Wannan gaba ɗaya yana lalata ƙa'idodin aikin kulawa da lafiyar kwakwalwa, yana ƙin aikin makarantar don kula da yara tare da daidaituwa, kuma a aikace ba ya aiki. Waɗannan 'yan mata ne; ba sa son a sanya su a cikin rukunin samari." (Mai alaƙa: Nicole Maines da Isis King sun Raba Shawarar Su ga Matasa Matasa Masu Canza Mata)

Yadda Abokan Cisgender Zasu Iya Nuna Taimakon Su

Yana farawa da mafi ƙanƙanta kaɗan: Girmama mutanen trans, kiran su da sunansu na gaskiya, da amfani da karin magana. Ko da yake ƙarami kamar yadda yake sauti, wannan yana da fa'ida sosai ga lafiyar tunanin mutane. "Samun mutum ɗaya kaɗai wanda ke karɓar balagagge a rayuwar matasa na LGBTQ na iya rage ƙoƙarin kashe kansa da kashi 40," in ji Pick.

Na biyu, "kar ku yarda ku shiga cikin bayanan da ke can," in ji Pick. "Akwai kokarin hadin gwiwa (daga kungiyoyin masu ra'ayin mazan jiya) don lalata yaran da suke son zama yara." Don haka tabbatar cewa kuna samun bayanan ku daga abubuwan da aka tallafa wa bincike, bayanan da aka tabbatar, tushen masu haɗa kai kamar su Them, NewNowNext, Autostraddle, GLAAD, da The Trevor Project. Wannan zai zama mahimmanci musamman a wannan bazara lokacin da mai ɗaukar nauyi na New Zealand Laurel Hubbard za ta fafata a matsayin ɗan wasa na farko da ya canza jinsi a gasar Olympics. (ICYWW: Ee, ta cika dukkan buƙatun ƙa'idojin Kwamitin Olympic na Duniya da jagororin 'yan wasan trans).

Dangane da yadda za a yi yaƙi da waɗannan takaddun na transphobic? Mafi yawan wannan dokar ana yin su ne da sunan mata da 'yan mata, in ji Pick. "Don haka wannan shine lokacin da nake kira ga 'yan uwana mata da' yan mata na ce 'Ba a cikin sunan mu ba.'" Kira 'yan majalisunku na gida, sanya ra'ayin ku a kafafen sada zumunta, tallafa wa kungiyoyin wasanni na cikin gida, ku kasance da babbar murya tare da goyon bayan ku ga transgender matashiya, in ji ta.

Idan da gaske kuna son taimakawa mata da 'yan mata a wasanni, mafita ita ce ba don hana 'yan matan transgender samun damar su. Amma a maimakon haka don tabbatar da cewa 'yan matan transgender suna da dama da dama ga duk wasanni."Za mu iya karewa da kimanta wasannin mata da na 'yan mata a lokaci guda tare da girmama asalin jinsi na transgender da matasa marasa binarya," in ji Pick "Wannan ba wasa bane na sifili."

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