Cututtuka na al'ada: menene su da nau'ikan gama gari

Wadatacce

• Abin da ke haifar da cututtukan haihuwa
• Nau'o'in matsalar haihuwa
• Yadda za a hana

Cututtukan da ke tattare da juna, wanda kuma ake kira lahani ko cutarwa a jikin mutum, canje-canje ne da ke faruwa yayin samuwar ɗan tayi, yayin ɗaukar ciki, wanda zai iya kawo ƙarshen shafar kowane nama a jikin mutum, kamar ƙashi, tsoka ko gabobin jiki. Wadannan nau'ikan canje-canje galibi suna haifar da ci gaban da bai kammala ba, wanda zai iya shafar kyan gani har ma da aikin gabobi daban-daban.

Za'a iya gano kyakkyawan ɓangaren cututtukan da aka haifa a cikin watanni 3 na farko na ciki, ana samunta ta wurin likitan mahaifa a lokacin haihuwa ko kuma likitan yara yayin shekara ta 1 ta rayuwa. Koyaya, akwai kuma wasu lamura wanda canzawar kwayar halitta ke tasiri a gaba, kamar magana ko tafiya, ko kuma yana buƙatar takamaiman gwaje-gwaje don ganowa, daga ƙarshe a gano su daga baya.

A cikin cututtukan haihuwa masu haɗari masu haɗari, waɗanda ke hana rayuwar jaririn, zubar da ciki na iya faruwa a kowane lokaci yayin ciki, kodayake ya fi yawa yayin rabin farko na ciki.

Abin da ke haifar da cututtukan haihuwa

Cututtukan da ke haifar da cututtukan cikin gida na iya faruwa ne ta hanyar sauye-sauyen halittu ko kuma yanayin da aka ɗauki mutum ko haifar da shi, ko kuma haɗuwa da waɗannan abubuwa biyu. Wasu misalai sune:

• Abubuwan kwayoyin halitta:

Canje-canje a cikin chromosome dangane da lamba, kamar yadda yake a cikin trisomy 21 da aka fi sani da Down syndrome, kwayoyin maye gurbi ko canje-canje a cikin tsarin chromosome, irin su cututtukan X masu rauni.

• Yanayin muhalli:

Wasu canje-canje da zasu haifar da larurar haihuwa sune amfani da magunguna yayin daukar ciki, kamuwa da cutar cytomegalovirus, toxoplasma da treponema pallidum, kamuwa da iska, sigari, yawan kafeyin, yawan shan giya, tuntuɓar ƙananan ƙarfe kamar gubar, cadmium ko mercury, misali.

Nau'o'in matsalar haihuwa

Za'a iya rarraba lahani na haihuwa dangane da nau'in su:

• Tsarin tsari: Ciwo na Down, Laifi a cikin samuwar bututun jijiyoyin, canjin zuciya;
• Cututtukan haihuwa: Cututtukan da ake yadawa ta hanyar jima'i kamar syphilis ko chlamydia, toxoplasmosis, rubella;
• Shan barasa: Ciwon barasa tayi

Ana rarraba alamomi da alamomin cututtukan kwayar halitta gabaɗaya bisa ga Syndrome wanda ke haifar da takamaiman lahani, wasu sun fi yawa kamar:

• rashin tabin hankali,
• hanci ko ba ya nan,
• leɓe
• zagaye soles,
• fuska mai tsayi sosai,
• kunnuwa kadan.

Dikita na iya gano canji yayin gwajin duban dan tayi a cikin ciki, lura da bayyanar jariri lokacin haihuwa ko ta lura da wasu halaye da kuma bayan sakamakon takamaiman gwaji.

Yadda za a hana

Ba koyaushe bane zai yiwu mu hana aibun haihuwa saboda sauye-sauye na iya faruwa wadanda suka fi karfinmu, amma yin kulawa da juna biyu da kuma bin duk wasu ka'idoji na likita yayin daukar ciki na daya daga cikin matakan kariya da dole ne a bi don rage barazanar rikicewar tayi.

Wasu shawarwari masu mahimmanci kada a sha magani ba tare da shawarar likita ba, kada a sha giya a lokacin daukar ciki, kada a yi amfani da muggan kwayoyi, kada a sha sigari kuma a guji kusantar wurare da hayakin sigari, a ci abinci mai lafiya kuma a sha a kalla 2 lita na ruwa a rana.