Yadda ake gano cutar sankarau

Wadatacce

• 1. Kimantawar alamomi
• 2. CRL al'ada
• 3. Gwajin jini da fitsari
• 4. Gwajin hoto
• 5. Gwajin Kofi

Ganewar cutar sankarau ana yin ta ne ta hanyar lura da cututtukan cututtukan kuma aka tabbatar da su ta hanyar gwajin da ake kira lumbar puncture, wanda ya kunshi cire wani karamin sinadarin CSF daga magudanar kashin baya. Wannan gwajin zai iya nuna idan akwai kumburi a cikin meninges kuma wane wakili ne mai mahimmanci yana da mahimmanci don ganewar asali da kuma jagorantar maganin cutar.

Gwaje-gwaje da gwaje-gwajen da likita zai iya ba da oda su ne:

1. Kimantawar alamomi

Binciken farko na cutar sankarau ana yin ta ne ta hanyar kimanta alamomin da likita, lura idan mutum ya ji zafi ko wahala wajen motsa wuya, yana da zazzabi mai girma da bazata, jiri, wahalar tattara hankali, ƙwarewar haske, rashin cin abinci, ƙishirwa da rikicewar tunani, misali.

Dangane da ƙididdigar alamun bayyanar da mai haƙuri ya gabatar, likita na iya buƙatar wasu gwaje-gwaje don kammala ganewar asali. San wasu alamomin cutar sankarau.

2. CRL al'ada

Al'adar CSF, ana kuma kiranta cerebrospinal fluid ko CSF, na ɗaya daga cikin manyan gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwajen da aka nema don gano cutar sankarau. Wannan gwajin ya ƙunshi ɗaukar samfurin CSF, wanda yake shi ne ruwa da aka samu a kewayen jijiyoyi, ta hanyar hudawar lumbar, wanda aka aika zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don bincike da bincike kan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.

Wannan gwajin ba shi da dadi, amma yana da sauri, kuma yawanci yakan haifar da ciwon kai da jiri bayan aikin, amma a wasu lokuta yana iya taimakawa bayyanar cututtukan sankarau ta hanyar rage karfin kwanyar.

Bayyanar wannan ruwan na iya rigaya ya nuna ko mutum yana da cutar sankarau na ƙwayoyin cuta saboda a wannan yanayin, ruwan na iya zama hadari kuma a yayin cutar sankarau cutar sankarau yana iya zama mai ɗan gajimare, a cikin sauran nau'ikan bayyanar na iya ci gaba da zama mai tsabta da bayyane kamar ruwa.

3. Gwajin jini da fitsari

Hakanan za'a iya yin odar fitsari da gwajin jini don taimakawa gano cutar sankarau. Gwajin fitsarin na iya nuna kasancewar kamuwa da cuta, saboda ganin kwayoyin cuta da kuma leukocytes marasa adadi a cikin fitsarin, don haka, ana iya nuna al'adar fitsari don gano ƙwayoyin cuta.

Hakanan ana buƙatar gwajin jini don sanin cikakken yanayin mutum, wanda zai iya nuna karuwar adadin leukocytes da neutrophils, ban da iya gano ƙwayoyin lymphocytes marasa illa, a game da CBC, da kuma ƙaruwa a cikin natsuwa na CRP a cikin jini, yana nuni da kamuwa da cuta.

Yawancin lokaci idan akwai alamar kamuwa da cuta ta hanyar ƙwayoyin cuta, ana iya bayar da shawarar bacterioscopy kuma, idan mutum yana asibiti, al'adun jini, wanda ya ƙunshi al'adun samfurin jini a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje don bincika kasancewar kamuwa da cuta a cikin jini. A game da kwayar cuta, samfurin da aka tattara daga mai haƙuri yana da tabo ta hanyar Gram sannan kuma a bincika shi a cikin microscope don tabbatar da halaye na ƙwayar cuta kuma, don haka, taimakawa cikin ganewar asali.

Dangane da sakamakon gwajin kananan kwayoyin, yana yiwuwa kuma a binciki wane kwayoyin cuta ne kwayoyin ke kula da su, kasancewar an fi bada shawarar maganin cutar sankarau. Gano yadda ake yin maganin sankarau.

4. Gwajin hoto

Gwajin daukar hoto, kamar su sinadaran daukar hoto da hoton maganadisu, ana nuna su ne kawai lokacin da ake zargin lalacewar kwakwalwa ko bayanan da cutar sankarau ta bar su. Akwai alamun alamun shakku lokacin da mutum ya kamu da ciwo, canje-canje a girman ɗaliban idanun idan kuma ana tsammanin cutar sankarau.

Lokacin bincikar cutar, dole ne mara lafiya ya kasance a asibiti na fewan kwanaki don maganin ya fara, dangane da maganin rigakafi idan akwai cutar sankarau ko magunguna don rage zazzabi da rage rashin jin daɗi idan aka kamu da cutar sankarau.

5. Gwajin Kofi

Gwajin ƙoƙon gwaji ne mai sauƙi wanda za'a iya amfani dashi don taimakawa wajen gano cutar sankarau na meningococcal, wanda shine nau'in sankarau na kwayan cuta wanda ke nuna kasancewar jan ɗora akan fata. Gwajin ya kunshi danna gilashin gilashi a hannu da kuma dubawa idan jajayen wuraren sun kasance kuma ana iya gani ta gilashin, wanda zai iya nuna cutar.