Dyslalia: menene shi, yana haifar da magani

Wadatacce

• Matsaloli da ka iya haddasawa
• Yadda ake gane dyslalia
• Jiyya ga dyslalia

Dyslalia cuta ce ta magana wacce mutum baya iya furtawa da furta wasu kalmomi, musamman idan suna da "R" ko "L", sabili da haka, suna musanya waɗannan kalmomin ga wasu da irin wannan lafazin.

Wannan canjin ya fi zama ruwan dare a yara, ana ɗaukarsa al'ada ce a cikin yara har zuwa shekaru 4, duk da haka lokacin da wahalar magana da wasu sautuka ko bayyana wasu kalmomi ya ci gaba bayan wannan shekarun, yana da muhimmanci a tuntubi likitan yara, otorhinolaryngologist ko mai ba da ilimin magana don haka cewa za a iya fara binciken canjin da magani mafi dacewa.

Matsaloli da ka iya haddasawa

Dyslalia na iya faruwa saboda yanayi da yawa, manyan sune:

• Canje-canje a cikin bakin, kamar naƙasasshe a cikin rufin bakin, harshe ya fi girma don shekarun yaro ko harshen da ke makale;
• Matsalar ji, tun da yake yaro ba zai iya jin sautuka sosai ba, ba zai iya gane sautunan sauti daidai ba;
• Canje-canje a cikin tsarin mai juyayi, wanda zai iya gurgunta ci gaban magana kamar yadda ya faru a cikin matsalar tabin hankali.

Bugu da ƙari, a wasu lokuta dyslalia na iya samun tasiri na gado ko ya faru saboda yaron yana son yin koyi da wani na kusa da shi ko wani hali a cikin shirin talabijin ko na labarai, misali.

Don haka, bisa ga dalilin, ana iya rarraba dyslalia zuwa manyan nau'ikan 4, waɗanda sune:

• Juyin Halitta: ana ɗaukarta al'ada a cikin yara kuma ana ci gaba da gyara ta cikin ci gabanta;
• Aiki: lokacin da aka maye gurbin wata harafi da wata yayin magana, ko kuma lokacin da yaro ya kara wata harafin ko murda sautin;
• Audiogenic: lokacin da yaro ya kasa maimaita sautin daidai saboda baya jin sa da kyau;
• Halitta: lokacin da aka sami rauni ga kwakwalwa wanda ke hana magana daidai ko lokacin da aka sami canje-canje a tsarin bakin ko harshen da ke hana magana.

Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa bai kamata mutum yayi magana mara kyau tare da yaron ba ko kuma ya zama yana da kyau kuma a ƙarfafa shi ya ɓatar da kalmomin, saboda waɗannan halaye na iya motsa farkon dyslalia.

Yadda ake gane dyslalia

Dyslalia sanannu ne a lura yayin da yaro ya fara koyon magana, da wahalar furta wasu kalmomin daidai, musanyar wasu sautuka ga wasu saboda musayar bakon da ke cikin kalmar, ko kuma ta hanyar karin harafi a cikin kalmar, canza sautinta. Bugu da kari, wasu yara masu cutar dyslalia na iya barin wasu sautuka, saboda yana da wahala a bayyana wannan kalmar.

Ana daukar Dyslalia a matsayin al'ada har zuwa shekaru 4, amma bayan wannan lokacin, idan yaro ya sami wahalar magana daidai, ana ba da shawarar cewa a nemi shawarar likitan yara, masanin ilimin likitancin jiyya ko likitan magana, saboda haka yana yiwuwa a yi cikakken kimantawa game da yaro don gano abubuwan da ka iya gurgunta magana, kamar canje-canje a cikin baki, ji ko kwakwalwa.

Don haka, ta hanyar sakamakon kimantawar yaro da nazarin dyslalia, yana yiwuwa a ba da shawarar magani mafi dacewa don inganta magana, fahimta da kuma bayyana sauti.

Jiyya ga dyslalia

Ana yin magani gwargwadon dalilin matsalar, amma yawanci ya haɗa da magani tare da lokutan magance maganganu don inganta magana, haɓaka dabarun da ke sauƙaƙa harshe, fahimta da fassarar sautuka, da haɓaka ikon yin jumla.

Bugu da kari, dogaro da kai da kuma alakar mutum da dangi shi ma ya kamata a karfafa, saboda yawanci matsalar na faruwa ne bayan haihuwar kane, a matsayin wata hanya ta komawa karama da samun karin kulawa daga iyaye.

A cikin yanayin da aka gano matsalolin jijiyoyin jiki, magani ya kamata ya haɗa da psychotherapy, kuma idan akwai matsalolin jin magana, kayan jin zai iya zama dole.