Menene cutar Lyme, manyan alamomi da magani

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Me ke kawo cutar Lyme
• Ta yaya watsawa ke faruwa
• Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali
• Yadda ake yin maganin
• 1. Amfani da maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta
• 2. Zaman gyaran jiki

Cutar Lyme, wanda kuma aka sani da cutar cakulkuli, cuta ce da ke faruwa sakamakon cizon ƙwayar cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta suka ɓata Borrelia burgdorferi, wanda ke haifar da bayyanar da tabo mai zagaye na fata akan fata, wanda ke ƙaruwa tsawon lokaci.

A mafi yawan lokuta mutum baya lura cewa cakulkuli ya huda fatar, yana lura kawai da alamun sun fara bayyana. Da zaran an lura da alamomin na farko, yana da mahimmanci a tuntuɓi masanin cututtukan cututtuka ko wani babban likita domin a yi gwaje-gwaje don tabbatar da kamuwa da cutar kuma, don haka, za a iya fara magani mafi dacewa, wanda yawanci ana yin sa tare da amfani da maganin rigakafi.

Idan ba a yi maganin ba ko ba a yi shi ba daidai ba, rikitarwa na iya tashi, kamar su cututtukan zuciya, sankarau ko matsalolin zuciya, wanda ke rage ƙimar rayuwa ƙwarai.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Alamomin cututtukan Lyme suna ci gaba kuma alamun farko, ana kuma kiran su alamun farko, yawanci suna bayyana kwana 3 zuwa 30 bayan cizon ƙwayar cutar, manyan su sune:

• Raunin fata da ja a wurin cizon, kwatankwacin na sa, tsakanin 2 da 30 cm, wanda ke ƙaruwa da girma tare da lokaci;
• Gajiya;
• Jin zafi a cikin tsokoki, haɗin gwiwa da ciwon kai;
• Zazzabi da sanyi;
• Wuya wuya

Lokacin da kake da ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan alamun, musamman tare da tabo da kuma ja a kan fata, yana da kyau a hanzarta tuntuɓi babban likita, ko cuta mai yaduwa, don tabbatar da ganewar asali da kuma fara jiyya tare da maganin rigakafi.

Koyaya, idan ba a fara maganin cikin lokaci ba, alamun bayyanar na iya bayyana daga baya kuma wannan yawanci suna da alaƙa da rikitarwa, kamar:

• Arthritis, musamman a gwiwa, inda akwai ciwo da kumburi a cikin gidajen abinci;
• Kwayar cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki, kamar su dushewa da ciwo a ƙafa da hannaye, shanyewar ƙwayoyin fuskokin fuska, gazawar ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya da matsalolin natsuwa;
• Cutar sankarau, wanda ke tattare da tsananin ciwon kai, wuya mai ƙarfi da ƙwarewar haske;
• Matsalar zuciya, ana lura da ita sakamakon bugun zuciya, numfashi da gajiyar da kai.

A gaban wadannan alamun, ana ba da shawarar a je asibiti don karbar maganin cutar kuma a guji munanan rikice-rikice wadanda idan ba a kula da su ba, na iya zama barazanar rai.

Me ke kawo cutar Lyme

Cututtukan Lyme galibi ana haifar da su ne sakamakon cizon ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ƙwayoyin cuta ke cuta Borrelia burgdorferi kuma hakan yana ciyar da jinin mutum, yawanci cakudadden jinsin Ixodes ricinus. Domin wadannan nau'ikan cakulkuli su iya yada cutar ga mutane, ya zama dole ya kasance a jikin mutum na akalla awanni 24.

Wannan kwayar cutar na iya kasancewa a cikin jinin dabbobi da yawa, kamar su barewa da beraye, misali, kuma, idan kaska ta sa wadannan dabbobi cikin kunci, sai ta samu kwayoyin, kuma za ta iya yada ta ga sauran dabbobi da mutane.

Ta yaya watsawa ke faruwa

Kwayar cutar Lyme kwayoyin cuta ne ke haifar da ita Borrelia burgdorferi wanda zai iya kasancewa a cikin jinin dabbobi da yawa kamar su bera, barewa ko baƙar fata, alal misali. Lokacin da kaska ta ciji daya daga cikin wadannan dabbobin, to ma gurbata ta ke da kwayoyin cuta, sannan za ta iya yada kwayar cutar ga mutane.

Taiƙai suna da ƙanƙan da mutum bazai sani an ciresu ba, don haka idan akwai tuhuma, mafi kyawu wuraren neman ƙura a jiki sun haɗa da: bayan kunnuwa, kan fatar kan mutum, a cikin cibiya, a cikin hamata , a cikin makwancin gwaiwa ko a bayan gwiwa, misali. Hadarin kamuwa da cutar ya fi girma idan kaska ta iya zama a kan fata fiye da awanni 24.

Mutanen da ke aiki a yankunan daji kamar masu yawo, sansani, manoma, ma’aikatan gandun daji ko sojoji na cikin kasadar samun cizon kaska da kamuwa da cutar. Duba menene wasu cututtukan da kaska ke iya haifarwa.

Yadda za a tabbatar da ganewar asali

Kwayar cutar ta Lyme galibi ana gano ta ne ta hanyar gwajin jini wanda za a iya yin makonni 3 zuwa 6 bayan cizon ya ciji mutum, wanda shine lokacin da yake kamuwa da cutar kuma ya bayyana a kan gwaje-gwajen. Don haka, gwaje-gwajen da za a iya amfani dasu don gano cutar Lyme sun haɗa da:

• Jarrabawar ELISA: nau'in bincike ne na serological wanda aka gudanar tare da manufar gano takamaiman kwayar cutar da garkuwar jiki ke samarwa akan kwayoyin cuta kuma, don haka, tabbatar da yawan wannan kwayar a jikin;
• Nazarin Yammacin Turai: wani nau'in gwaji ne wanda ake amfani da ƙaramin samfurin jini don nazarin sunadaran da ƙwayoyin cuta suke amfani da shi don yaƙi da ƙwayoyin cuta masu haddasa cuta.

An tabbatar da cutar Lyme lokacin da sakamakon gwajin duka ya tabbata. Bugu da kari, ana iya neman cikakken lissafin jini, da kuma binciken kimiyyar fata, da aka sani da Warthin Tauraruwa, wanda ko da yake ba takamaiman abu bane, na iya zama mai amfani a cikin bincike saboda binciken binciken tarihi.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Jiyya don cutar Lyme ana yin ta ne ta hanyar amfani da maganin rigakafi irin su Doxycycline, misali, kuma fara magani da wuri, saurin warkewa, guje wa rikitarwa.

1. Amfani da maganin kashe kwayoyin cuta

Dole ne likita ya nuna magani don cutar Lyme koyaushe, kuma, a al'adance, ana kula da cutar tare da maganin rigakafi, kamar Doxycycline 100 mg, wanda dole ne a sha sau biyu a rana tsawon makonni 2 zuwa 4 ko kuma bisa ga shawarar likita. Dangane da yara da mata masu ciki, ana nuna Amoxicillin ko Azithromycin na lokaci guda.

Gabaɗaya, ana shan maganin rigakafin baki, duk da haka, a cikin mawuyacin yanayi ya zama dole a kwantar da shi a asibiti don a gudanar da maganin kai tsaye cikin jijiya kuma a guji rikitarwa. Bugu da kari, ana shayar da matan da ke shayarwa ta hanyar amfani da kwayoyin cuta ba tare da jinjirin yana cikin hadari ba.

2. Zaman gyaran jiki

A cikin yanayi mai tsanani, cutar Lyme na iya haifar da cututtukan zuciya, musamman a gwiwa, wanda ke haifar da ciwo da kumburi a gidajen. A irin waɗannan halaye, mutum na iya buƙatar samun zaman motsa jiki don dawo da motsi kuma zai iya yin ayyukan yau da kullun ba tare da ciwo ba. Ana gudanar da zaman ne ta hanyar masu ilimin motsa jiki kuma sun hada da motsa jiki na motsa jiki da mikewa ko amfani da kayan aiki gwargwadon tsananin lamarin.

A wasu lokuta, likita na iya ba da shawarar yin amfani da magungunan anti-inflammatory, kamar su Ibuprofen misali, don rage kumburin haɗin gwiwa.