Osarshen hoto
Wadatacce
- Me yasa nake bukatar endoscopy?
- Ta yaya zan shirya don maganin ƙarshe?
- Menene nau'ikan endoscopy?
- Menene sababbin fasahohi a cikin fasahar endoscopy?
- Osarshen maganin kaho
- Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
- Chromoendoscopy
- Endoscopic duban dan tayi (EUS)
- Osaddamar da ƙwayar mucosal ta Endoscopic (EMR)
- Narayyadaddun hotunan hoto (NBI)
- Menene haɗarin endoscopy?
- Me zai faru bayan an gama daukar hoto?
Menene endoscopy?
Tsarin endoscopy hanya ce wacce likitanka ke amfani da kayan kida na musamman don dubawa da yin aiki akan gabobin ciki da tasoshin jikinku. Yana baiwa likitocin tiyata damar ganin matsaloli a cikin jikinka ba tare da yin manyan fuka ba.
Wani likita mai fiɗa ya saka endoscope ta ƙaramin yanki ko buɗewa a cikin jiki kamar bakin. Osarshen endoscope bututu ne mai sassauƙa tare da kyamarar da ke haɗe wanda zai ba likitanku damar gani. Likitan ku na iya amfani da karfi da kuma almakashi a jikin endoscope don aiki ko cire nama don gudanar da bincike.
Me yasa nake bukatar endoscopy?
Endoscopy yana ba likitanka damar duba gabbai da gani ba tare da yin babban ragi ba. Allon a cikin dakin aiki yana bawa likita damar ganin ainihin abin da ƙarancin hangen nesa ya gani.
Endoscopy yawanci ana amfani dashi don:
- taimaki likitanka don gano dalilin kowane irin alamun cutar da kake fama da ita
- cire karamin samfurin nama, wanda za'a iya aika shi zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don ƙarin gwaji; wannan ana kiran sa endoscopic biopsy
- taimakawa likitan ka duba cikin jiki yayin aikin tiyata, kamar gyaran gyambon ciki, ko cire gallstones ko marurai
Kwararka na iya yin odar maganin endoscopy idan kana da alamun alamun kowane yanayi mai zuwa:
- cututtukan hanji (IBD), irin su ulcerative colitis (UC) da cutar Crohn
- ciki miki
- maƙarƙashiya na kullum
- pancreatitis
- tsakuwa
- zubar da jini da ba a bayyana ba a cikin hanyar narkewa
- ƙari
- cututtuka
- toshewar jijiyar wuya
- cututtukan ciki na gastroesophageal (GERD)
- hiatal hernia
- zubar jinin al'ada na al'ada
- jini a cikin fitsarinku
- sauran al'amurran narkewar abinci
Likitanku zai sake nazarin alamunku, yin gwajin jiki, kuma wataƙila yayi odar wasu gwaje-gwajen jini kafin a kawo ƙarshen maganin. Wadannan gwaje-gwajen zasu taimaka wa likitanka samun cikakkiyar fahimta game da yiwuwar dalilin alamun ka. Waɗannan gwaje-gwajen na iya taimaka musu sanin ko za a iya magance matsalolin ba tare da maganin ƙwaƙwalwa ko tiyata ba.
Ta yaya zan shirya don maganin ƙarshe?
Likitanku zai ba ku cikakken umarnin yadda za ku shirya. Yawancin nau'ikan endoscopy suna buƙatar ka daina cin abinci mai ƙarfi har zuwa awanni 12 kafin aikin. Wasu nau'ikan ruwa masu tsabta, kamar su ruwa ko ruwan 'ya'yan itace, za'a iya barin su har zuwa awanni biyu kafin aikin. Likitanku zai bayyana muku wannan tare da ku.
Kwararka na iya ba ka laxatives ko enemas don amfani da dare kafin aikin don share tsarinka. Wannan na kowa ne a cikin hanyoyin da suka shafi fili (GI) da dubura.
Kafin endoscopy, likitanka zai yi gwajin jiki kuma ya wuce cikakken tarihin lafiyarku, gami da duk wani aikin tiyata da aka yi a baya.
Tabbatar da gaya wa likitanka game da duk wani magani da kake sha, gami da magunguna marasa magani da kuma abubuwan gina jiki. Har ila yau, faɗakar da likitanka game da duk wani rashin lafiyar da za ku iya samu. Wataƙila kuna buƙatar dakatar da shan wasu magunguna idan suna iya shafar zub da jini, musamman maganin ba da magani ko maganin hana ɗaukar ciki.
Kuna iya shirya wa wani ya tuka ku gida bayan aikin saboda ba ku da lafiya daga maganin sa barci.
Menene nau'ikan endoscopy?
Endoscopies sun kasu kashi-kashi, dangane da yankin jikin da suke bincike. Canungiyar Cancer ta Amurka (ACS) ta lissafa waɗannan nau'ikan endoscopies:
| Rubuta | Yankin da aka bincika | Inda aka saka sarari | Likitocin da yawanci suke yin tiyatar |
| arthroscopy | gidajen abinci | ta hanyar karamin ragi kusa da haɗin haɗin da aka bincika | likita mai gyaran kafa |
| maganin maye gurbin jini | huhu | cikin hanci ko baki | likitan huhu ko likitan kwalliya |
| colonoscopy | mallaka | ta dubura | gastroenterologist ko proctologist |
| cystoscopy | mafitsara | ta cikin fitsarin | likitan mahaifa |
| tsarin kwafi | karamin hanji | ta bakin ko ta dubura | likitan ciki |
| hysteroscopy | a cikin mahaifa | ta cikin farji | likitocin mata ko likitocin mata |
| laparoscopy | ciki ko ƙashin ƙugu | ta hanyar karamin ragi kusa da yankin da aka bincika | nau'ikan likitocin tiyata |
| laryngoscopy | maƙogwaro | ta bakin ko hanci | masanin ilimin halittar jiki, wanda aka fi sani da likitan kunne, hanci, da makogwaro (ENT) |
| matsakaicin ciki | mediastinum, yankin tsakanin huhu | ta hanyar ragi a sama da ƙashin ƙirji | likita mai fiɗa |
| sigmoidoscopy | dubura da ƙananan ɓangaren babban hanji, wanda aka sani da sigmoid colon | a cikin dubura | gastroenterologist ko proctologist |
| thoracoscopy, wanda aka fi sani da pleuroscopy | yanki tsakanin huhu da bangon kirji | ta karamin ciko a kirji | likitan huhu ko likitan kwalliya |
| endoscopy na ciki mai girma, wanda aka fi sani da esophagogastroduodenoscopy | esophagus da na hanji na sama | ta bakin | likitan ciki |
| ureteroscopy | ureter | ta cikin fitsarin | likitan mahaifa |
Menene sababbin fasahohi a cikin fasahar endoscopy?
Kamar yawancin fasaha, endoscopy yana ci gaba koyaushe. Sabbin ƙarni na endoscopes suna amfani da hoto mai ma'ana don ƙirƙirar hotuna daki-daki daki-daki. Har ila yau, sababbin dabaru suna haɗuwa da ƙarancin hoto tare da fasahar ɗaukar hoto ko hanyoyin tiyata.
Anan akwai wasu misalai na sabon fasahar endoscopy.
Osarshen maganin kaho
Ana iya amfani da hanyar juyin juya halin da aka fi sani da endoscopy na lokacin da wasu gwaje-gwajen ba su cika ba. Yayin da yake cikin kwayar cutar, sai ku haɗiye karamin kwaya tare da ƙaramar kyamara a ciki. Capsule yana wucewa ta jikinka na narkewa, ba tare da wani damuwa ba a gare ka, kuma yana kirkirar dubban hotunan hanji yayin da yake ratsawa.
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)
ERCP ya haɗu da hasken rana tare da babban GI endoscopy don tantancewa ko magance matsaloli tare da butle bile da pancreatic ducts.
Chromoendoscopy
Chromoendoscopy wata dabara ce wacce ke amfani da tabo ko fenti na musamman a kan rufin hanji yayin aikin endoscopy. Rini yana taimaka wa likita da kyau ganin idan akwai wani abu mara kyau a jikin rufin hanji.
Endoscopic duban dan tayi (EUS)
EUS yana amfani da duban dan tayi a hade tare da endoscopy. Wannan yana bawa likitoci damar ganin gabobi da sauran sifofin da ba kasafai ake samunsu yayin endoscopy na yau da kullun ba. Sannan za'a iya saka bakin allura na bakin ciki a cikin gabobin ko tsari don dawo da wasu kayan don kallo a karkashin madubin hangen nesa. Wannan hanya ana kiranta kyakkyawan allurar fata.
Osaddamar da ƙwayar mucosal ta Endoscopic (EMR)
EMR wata dabara ce da ake amfani da ita don taimakawa likitoci cire ƙwayoyin cutar kansa a cikin hanyar narkewar abinci. A cikin EMR, ana wucewa da allura ta cikin ƙarancin ƙwaƙwalwa don yin allurar ruwa a ƙarƙashin ƙwayar mahaukaci. Wannan yana taimakawa raba nama da keɓaɓɓu daga sauran yadudduka don a sauƙaƙe cire shi.
Narayyadaddun hotunan hoto (NBI)
NBI tana amfani da matattara ta musamman don taimakawa ƙirƙirar ƙarin bambanci tsakanin tasoshin da mucosa. Makosa shine rufin ciki na ƙwayar narkewa.
Menene haɗarin endoscopy?
Endoscopy yana da ƙananan haɗarin zubar jini da kamuwa da cuta fiye da buɗe tiyata. Duk da haka, endoscopy hanya ce ta likita, don haka tana da haɗarin zubar jini, kamuwa da cuta, da sauran rikice rikice kamar su:
- ciwon kirji
- lalacewar gabobin ku, gami da yiwuwar ratsewa
- zazzaɓi
- ciwo mai ci gaba a yankin endoscopy
- ja da kumburi a wurin yankewar
Haɗarin haɗari ga kowane nau'i ya dogara da wurin aikin da yanayin ku.
Misali, kujerun launuka masu duhu, amai, da wahalar hadiyewa bayan an gama gano wani abu na iya nuna cewa wani abu ba daidai bane. Hysteroscopy yana ɗauke da ƙananan haɗarin ɓarkewar mahaifa, zuban jini na mahaifa, ko rauni na mahaifa. Idan kana da maganin karewar ciki, akwai karamin haɗari cewa kawun ɗin zai iya makalewa a wani wuri a cikin hanyar narkewar abinci. Haɗarin ya fi girma ga mutanen da ke da yanayin da ke haifar da takaita hanyar narkewar abinci, kamar ƙari. Hakanan ana iya buƙatar cirewar ta hanyar tiyata.
Tambayi likitocinku game da alamomin da suka dace don bin diddigin maganinku.
Me zai faru bayan an gama daukar hoto?
Yawancin endoscopies hanyoyin asibiti ne. Wannan yana nufin zaku iya zuwa gida rana ɗaya.
Likitan ku zai rufe raunin raunuka tare da dinki kuma a ɗaure su da kyau nan da nan bayan aikin. Likitanku zai ba ku umarni kan yadda za ku kula da wannan rauni da kanku.
Bayan haka, wataƙila za ku jira na tsawon awanni ɗaya zuwa biyu a asibiti don sakamakon lahani ya ƙare. Aboki ko dan dangi zasu kora ka gida. Da zarar kun dawo gida, ya kamata ku yi shirin ciyar da sauran kwanakin a huta.
Wasu hanyoyin na iya barin ka ɗan rashin kwanciyar hankali. Yana iya buƙatar ɗan lokaci don jin daɗin ci gaba da kasuwancin ku na yau da kullun. Misali, bin bin endoscopy na GI na sama, ƙila kuna da ciwon makogwaro kuma kuna buƙatar cin abinci mai laushi na 'yan kwanaki. Kuna iya samun jini a cikin fitsarinku bayan bayanan cystoscopy don bincika mafitsara. Wannan ya kamata ya wuce cikin awanni 24, amma ya kamata ka tuntuɓi likitanka idan ya ci gaba.
Idan likitanku yana tsammanin ciwon kansa, za su yi aikin ƙwanƙwasa a lokacin gwajinku. Sakamakon zai dauki yan kwanaki. Likitanku zai tattauna sakamakon ne tare da ku bayan sun dawo daga dakin gwaje-gwaje.
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