Fahimtar cututtukan Mura

Wadatacce

• Kwayar cutar mura ta gama gari
• Alamun mura na gaggawa
• M bayyanar cututtuka
• Lokacin da yakamata manya su nemi kulawa ta gaggawa
• Yaushe za a nemi kulawar gaggawa ga jarirai da yara
• Alamun ciwon huhu
• Cutar mura
• Kula da mura
• Hana mura
• Outlook

Menene mura?

Alamomin mura na yau da kullun na zazzabi, ciwon jiki, da gajiya na iya barin mutane da yawa a tsare har sai sun sami sauki. Kwayar cutar mura za ta bayyana a ko'ina daga bayan kamuwa da cuta.

Sau da yawa suna bayyana ba zato ba tsammani kuma suna iya zama mai tsananin gaske. Abin takaici, bayyanar cututtuka gabaɗaya suna tafiya a ciki.

A wasu mutane, musamman waɗanda ke cikin haɗari, mura na iya haifar da rikitarwa waɗanda suka fi tsanani. Kumburi a cikin ƙananan hanyoyin huhun huhu tare da kamuwa da cuta, da aka sani da ciwon huhu, babban haɗari ne da ke da alaƙa da mura. Ciwon huhu na iya zama barazanar rai ga mutane masu haɗari ko kuma idan ba a kula da su ba.

Kwayar cutar mura ta gama gari

Mafi yawan alamun cututtukan mura sune:

• zazzabi akan 100.4˚F (38˚C)
• jin sanyi
• gajiya
• jiki da tsoka
• rasa ci
• ciwon kai
• tari bushewa
• ciwon wuya
• hanci ko hanci

Duk da yake mafi yawan bayyanar cututtuka za su iya ɓarke ​​mako ɗaya zuwa biyu bayan farawa, tari mai bushewa da gajiya gaba ɗaya na iya ɗaukar ƙarin makonni da yawa.

Sauran alamun bayyanar cutar mura sun hada da jiri, atishawa, da shaka iska. Tashin zuciya da amai ba alamomi ne na yau da kullun ga manya, amma wani lokacin sukan faru ne ga yara.

Alamun mura na gaggawa

Mutanen da ke cikin haɗari ga rikice-rikicen mura sun haɗa da waɗanda:

• shekarunsu ba su wuce 5 ba (musamman waɗanda shekarunsu suka gaza 2)
• sun kai shekaru 18 ko youngerarami kuma suna shan magunguna dauke da aspirin ko salicylate
• sunkai shekaru 65 ko sama da haka
• suna da ciki ko kuma zasu kai makonni biyu
• sami ma'aunin nauyi na jiki (BMI) aƙalla 40
• suna da asalin Ba'amurke (Ba'amurke Ba'amurke ko 'Yar Asalin Alaska)
• zama a cikin gidajen tsofaffi ko wuraren kulawa na yau da kullun

Mutanen da suka raunana garkuwar jikinsu saboda yanayin lafiya ko amfani da wasu magunguna suma suna cikin haɗari sosai.

Mutanen da ke cikin haɗari ga rikice-rikicen mura ya kamata su tuntuɓi likitansu idan sun fuskanci wata alama ta mura ko kaɗan. Wannan gaskiya ne idan kuna da rashin lafiya mai tsanani kamar ciwon sukari ko COPD.

Manya tsofaffi da waɗanda ke da tsarin garkuwar jiki na iya fuskantar:

• wahalar numfashi
• fata mai laushi
• tsananin ciwon wuya
• zazzabi mai zafi
• matsanancin gajiya

M bayyanar cututtuka

Ya kamata ku tuntubi likitanku da wuri-wuri idan alamun mura:

• kara tsanantawa
• wuce fiye da makonni biyu
• haifar da damuwa ko damuwa
• hada da ciwon kunne mai zafi ko zazzabi akan 103˚F (39.4˚C)

Lokacin da yakamata manya su nemi kulawa ta gaggawa

A cewar wadannan, yakamata manya su nemi jinyar gaggawa nan da nan idan sun sami daya daga cikin wadannan alamun:

• wahalar numfashi ko ƙarancin numfashi
• kirji ko ciwon ciki ko matsi
• jiri wanda kwatsam ko mai tsanani
• suma
• rikicewa
• amai wanda yake mai tsanani ko tsayayye
• alamun bayyanar da suka ɓace sannan suka sake bayyana tare da mummunan tari da zazzabi

Yaushe za a nemi kulawar gaggawa ga jarirai da yara

Bisa ga, ya kamata ku nemi likita nan da nan idan jaririnku ko yaro yana da ɗayan waɗannan alamun bayyanar:

• numfashi mara tsari, kamar matsalar numfashi ko saurin numfashi
• shuɗi mai launi zuwa fata
• rashin shan isasshen ruwa
• wahalar tashi, rashin aiki
• kukan da yake ta'azzara yayin da aka ɗauke yaron
• ba hawaye lokacin kuka
• alamomin mura da ke ɓacewa amma sai suka sake bayyana tare da zazzabi da tari da ya ta'azzara
• zazzabi tare da kurji
• rasa ci ko rashin iya cin abinci
• rage adadin rigar rigar

Alamun ciwon huhu

Ciwon huhu cuta ce ta gama-gari ta mura. Wannan gaskiya ne ga wasu ƙungiyoyi masu haɗari, gami da mutane sama da 65, yara ƙanana, da kuma mutanen da riga sun raunana tsarin garkuwar jiki.

Ziyarci ɗakin gaggawa nan da nan idan kuna da alamun cututtukan huhu, gami da:

• tari mai tsanani tare da yawan maniyyi
• wahalar numfashi ko ƙarancin numfashi
• zazzabi ya fi 102˚F (39˚C) wanda ke ci gaba, musamman idan ana tare da sanyi ko zufa
• ciwon kirji mai zafi
• tsananin sanyi ko zufa

Ciwon huhu da ba a yi magani ba na iya haifar da matsaloli masu tsanani har ma da mutuwa. Wannan gaskiya ne musamman ga tsofaffi, masu shan sigari, da kuma mutanen da ke da rauni a garkuwar jiki. Ciwon huhu yana barazanar musamman ga mutane masu fama da ciwon zuciya ko huhu.

Cutar mura

Rashin lafiya da aka fi sani da "mura ta ciki" tana nufin kwayar cutar gastroenteritis (GE), wacce ta ƙunshi kumburi da rufin ciki. Koyaya, mura ta ciki sanadiyyar ƙwayoyin cuta banda ƙwayoyin cuta ta mura, don haka rigakafin mura ba zata hana mura ta ciki ba.

Gabaɗaya, cututtukan cututtukan ciki suna iya faruwa ta wasu ƙwayoyin cuta, gami da ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayoyin cuta, da kuma ƙwayoyin cuta, da kuma dalilan da ba na cututtuka ba.

Alamomin gama gari na kwayar cutar GE sun haɗa da zazzaɓi mara nauyi, tashin zuciya, amai, da gudawa. A wani bangaren kuma, kwayar cutar mura ba ta yawan kawo tashin zuciya ko gudawa, sai dai wani lokacin a kananan yara.

Yana da mahimmanci a san bambanci tsakanin alamun mura na yau da kullun da mura na ciki saboda haka zaka iya samun magani mai kyau.

Youngananan yara, tsofaffi, da waɗanda ke da ƙarancin tsarin garkuwar jiki suna cikin haɗarin haɗari masu alaƙa da cutar GE da ba a magance ta ba. Wadannan rikice-rikicen na iya hada da tsananin bushewar jiki da wani lokacin mutuwa.

Kula da mura

Ba kamar cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta ba, ƙwayar cutar ta mura ta fi dacewa da gado. Yawancin mutane suna jin sauki bayan aan kwanaki. Ruwa, irin su masu zuwa, suma suna taimakawa wajen magance alamomin mura:

• ruwa
• shayi na ganye
• miyan miya
• ruwan 'ya'yan itace na halitta

A wasu lokuta, likitanka na iya ba da umarnin maganin rigakafin cutar. Magungunan ƙwayoyin cuta ba sa kawar da mura kwata-kwata, saboda ba sa kashe ƙwayar, amma suna iya gajarta aikin ƙwayar. Magungunan na iya taimakawa wajen hana rikitarwa kamar ciwon huhu.

Takaddun rigakafin rigakafin gama gari sun haɗa da:

• zanamivir (Relenza)
• Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
• feramivir (Rapivab)

Hakanan sun amince da sabon magani wanda ake kira baloxavir marboxil (Xofluza) a watan Oktoba na 2018.

Dole ne a sha magungunan rigakafin cikin awanni 48 na farawar alamun don yin tasiri. Idan an dauke su a wannan lokacin, zasu iya taimakawa rage tsawon mura.

Ana bayar da magungunan likitanci don mura ga waɗanda ke cikin haɗarin rikitarwa. Wadannan kwayoyi na iya ɗaukar haɗarin illa, irin su jiri, ɓacin rai, da kamuwa.

Tambayi likitanku game da shan magunguna marasa magani don jin zafi da sauƙin zazzaɓi, kamar su ibuprofen (Advil) ko acetaminophen (Tylenol).

Hana mura

Hanya mafi kyau don kauce wa alamun mura shine hana yaduwar kwayar cutar tun farko. Kowa ya kamata ya yi rigakafin cutar mura kowace shekara.

Hakanan ana ba da shawarar yin allurar mura ga mata masu juna biyu. Duk da yake ba mai cikakken wauta bane, allurar rigakafin mura na iya rage haɗarin kamuwa da mura.

Hakanan zaka iya hana kamuwa da yaduwar mura ta:

• guje wa hulɗa da wasu waɗanda ba su da lafiya
• nisantar jama'a, musamman a lokacin tsananin mura
• wanke hannuwanku akai-akai
• ka guji taɓa bakinka da fuskarka, ko cin abinci kafin wanke hannu
• rufe hanci da bakinka tare da hannun riga ko nama idan kana buƙatar atishawa ko tari

Outlook

Zai iya ɗaukar tsawon makonni biyu don alamun cutar mura su tafi gaba ɗaya, kodayake mafi munin cututtukan mura yawanci suna farawa bayan 'yan kwanaki. Yi magana da likitanka idan alamomin mura sun daɗe fiye da makonni biyu, ko kuma sun ɓace sannan sun sake bayyana da muni fiye da da.