Duk Game da Ciwon Cikin Gallbladder

Wadatacce

• Bayani
• Abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar kansa ta mafitsara
• Hanyoyin haɗari
• Alamomi da alamomin cutar kansa na gallbladder
• Ganewar asali da kuma lura da kansar mafitsara
• Maganin kansar mafitsara
• A zama na gaba
• Tsayar da cutar kansa na gallbladder

Bayani

Gallbladder ɗinka ɗan ƙaramin jaka ne kamar inci 3 tsayi kuma faɗi inci 1 wanda yake zaune a ƙasan hanta. Aikinta shine adana bile, wanda yake wani ruwa ne da hanta keyi. Bayan an adana shi a cikin mafitsara, za a saki bile a cikin karamar hanjinku don taimakawa narkar da abinci.

Cutar kansa ta mafitsara ba safai ba. Dangane da Canungiyar Ciwon Sanarwar Amurka (ACS):

• Fiye da mutane 12,000 ne kawai a cikin Amurka zasu karɓi ganewar asali a cikin 2019.
• Kusan koyaushe adenocarcinoma, wanda shine nau'in ciwon daji wanda ke farawa a cikin ƙwayoyin glandular a cikin rufin gabobin ku.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar kansa ta mafitsara

Doctors ba su san ainihin abin da ke haifar da ciwon gallbladder ba. Sun san cewa, kamar kowane ciwon daji, kuskure, wanda aka sani da maye gurbi, a cikin DNA ɗin mutum yana haifar da saurin ci gaban ƙwayoyin cuta.

Yayin da yawan ƙwayoyin rai ke ƙaruwa da sauri, wani taro, ko ƙari, yana samuwa. Idan ba a yi magani ba, waɗannan ƙwayoyin daga ƙarshe za su watsu cikin nama kusa da sassan jiki masu nisa.

Akwai dalilai masu haɗari waɗanda ke ƙara rashin daidaiton cutar kansa. Mafi yawansu suna da alaƙa da kumburin gallbladder na dogon lokaci.

Samun waɗannan abubuwan haɗarin ba yana nufin za ku kamu da cutar kansa ba. Yana kawai yana nufin damar ku na samun shi na iya zama sama da wani ba tare da haɗarin ba.

Hanyoyin haɗari

Gallstones ƙananan ƙananan abubuwa ne masu tauri wanda ke samuwa a cikin gallbladder lokacin da bile ɗinka ya ƙunshi ƙwayar cholesterol da yawa ko bilirubin - alamar launi lokacin da jajayen ƙwayoyin jini suka lalace.

Lokacin da duwatsun gall suka toshe mashigar - wanda ake kira bile ducts - daga cikin mafitsara ko cikin hanta, mafitsarar ku za ta yi zafi. Ana kiran wannan cholecystitis, kuma yana iya zama mai saurin ko dogon lokaci, matsala mai ɗorewa.

Kumburi na yau da kullun daga cholecystitis shine babban haɗarin haɗarin cutar kansa na gallbladder. Dangane da Societyungiyar (asar Amirka ta Clinical Oncology (ASCO), ana samun duwatsun da ke cikin kashi 75 zuwa 90 na mutanen dake fama da cutar kansa.

Amma yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa duwatsun gall suna da yawa sosai kuma samun su baya nufin zaku kamu da cutar kansa. A cewar ASCO, sama da kashi 99 na mutanen da ke da duwatsun gall ba su taɓa samun cutar kansa ta gallbladder ba.

Wasu wasu abubuwan da suka danganci haɗarin cutar gallbladder sune:

• Aron gallbladder. Wannan shine lokacinda gwal dinka yayi fari, kamar na ainas, saboda an katanga bangonsa. Wannan na iya faruwa bayan cholecystitis na yau da kullun, kuma yana da alaƙa da kumburi.
• Gallbladder polyps. Kusan kashi 5 cikin ɗari na waɗannan ƙananan ci gaban cikin mafitsara ɗinku suna da cutar kansa.
• Jima'i. A cewar ACS, mata na kamuwa da cutar kansar mafitsara har sau huɗu fiye da maza.
• Shekaru. Cutar kansa ta mafitsara yawanci tana shafar mutane sama da shekaru 65. A matsakaita, mutane suna shekaru 72 idan suka gano suna da shi.
• Ethabilar A Amurka, Latin Amurkawa, 'Yan Asalin Amurkawa, da' yan Mexico suna da haɗarin cutar kansa ta mafitsara.
• Matsalolin bututun bututu. Yanayi a cikin bututun bile wanda ke toshe magudanan bile na iya sa shi dawo cikin gallbladder. Wannan yana haifar da kumburi, wanda ke ƙara haɗarin cutar kanji.
• Cutar sclerosing cholangitis. Scaring din da yake samuwa sakamakon kumburin bututun bile yana kara yawan kasadar bile da kansar gallbladder.
• Typhoid.Salmonella kwayoyin cuta na haifar da taifod. Mutanen da ke fama da cututtuka masu ɗorewa na dogon lokaci tare da ko ba tare da bayyanar cututtuka ba suna da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa ta mafitsara.
• 'Yan uwa da ke fama da ciwon gallbladder. Haɗarin ku ya hau kaɗan idan akwai tarihin sa a cikin dangin ku.

Alamomi da alamomin cutar kansa na gallbladder

Abubuwan lura na cutar kansa na gallbladder galibi basa bayyana har sai cutar ta ci gaba sosai. Wannan shine dalilin da ya sa, yawanci, an riga an yada shi zuwa gaɓoɓin da ke kusa da lymph nodes ko tafiya zuwa wasu sassan jikinku lokacin da aka samo shi.

Lokacin da suke faruwa, alamu da alamomi na iya haɗawa da:

• ciwon ciki, yawanci a ɓangaren dama na cikin ciki
• jaundice, wanda yake yin launin fata da fata idanunku saboda yawan bilirubin daga toshewar hanyoyinku na bile
• kumburin ciki, wanda ke faruwa lokacin da gallbladder dinku ya kara girma sakamakon toshewar bututun butle ko ciwon daji ya bazu zuwa hanta kuma an halicci ƙwanƙwan ciki a cikin ciki na dama na dama
• tashin zuciya da amai
• asarar nauyi
• zazzaɓi
• kumburin ciki
• fitsari mai duhu

Ganewar asali da kuma lura da kansar mafitsara

Lokaci-lokaci, ana samun kansar mafitsara ta hanyar daidaituwa a cikin gyambon ciki wanda aka cire don cholecystitis ko wani dalili. Amma yawanci, likitanku zai gudanar da gwaje-gwajen bincike saboda kuna da alamun bayyanar.

Gwaje-gwajen da za'a iya amfani dasu don tantancewa, mataki, da shirya magani don gallbladder cancer sun haɗa da:

• Gwajin jini. Gwajin aikin hanta yana nuna yadda hanta, gallbladder, da bile ducts ke aiki kuma suna ba da alamu game da abin da ke haifar da alamunku.
• Duban dan tayi. An kirkiro hotunan gallbladder da hanta daga raƙuman sauti. Gwaji ne mai sauƙi, mai sauƙin aiwatarwa wanda yawanci akeyi kafin wasu.
• CT dubawa. Hotunan suna nuna gyambon ciki da gabobin da ke kewaye da su.
• Binciken MRI. Hotunan suna nuna cikakkun bayanai fiye da sauran gwaje-gwaje.
• Hanyoyin ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa (PTC). Wannan shine X-ray da aka ɗauka bayan an yi muku fenti wanda ke nuna toshewa a cikin bututun ku na bile ko hanta.
• Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). A wannan gwajin, an saka bututun da aka haska tare da kyamara, wanda aka fi sani da endoscope, ta bakinka kuma aka zarce zuwa ƙananan hanjinku. Sannan ana yi muku fenti a cikin ƙaramin bututu da aka sanya a cikin bututunku na bile kuma ana ɗauke da X-ray don bincika matattarar bile da aka toshe.
• Biopsy. An cire wani ɗan ƙaramin ƙwayar cutar kuma a kalle shi a ƙarƙashin madubin likita don tabbatar da cutar kansa.

Cancer na motsa jiki yana gaya maka inda da inda ciwon daji ya bazu a bayan mafitsara ta ciki. Likitoci suna amfani dashi don yanke shawara akan mafi kyawun dabarun magani kuma ƙayyade sakamakon.

An shirya kansar Gallbladder ta amfani da Kwamitin Hadin Kan Amurka kan tsarin daukar hoto TNM. Ma'aunin yana zuwa daga 0 zuwa 4 bisa la'akari da yadda cutar daji ta girma har zuwa bangon gallbladder da kuma yadda take yaduwa.

Mataki na 0 yana nufin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta ba su yaɗu ba daga inda suka fara kafa - wanda ake kira carcinoma a cikin yanayi. Manyan kumburi da suka bazu zuwa gaɓoɓin da ke kusa da su da duk wani ƙari wanda ya bazu, ko aka ƙaddara shi, zuwa ɓangarorin jikinku masu nisa su ne mataki na 4.

Ana ba da ƙarin bayani game da yaduwar cutar kansa ta TNM:

• T (ƙari): yana nuna yadda cutar daji ta girma har zuwa bangon gallbladder
• N (nodes): yana nuna yaduwa zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph kusa da mafitsarar ku
• M (metastasis): yana nuna yaduwa zuwa ɓangarorin jiki masu nisa

Maganin kansar mafitsara

Yin aikin tiyata na iya warkar da cutar kansar mafitsara, amma dole ne a cire duka kansar. Wannan wani zaɓi ne kawai lokacin da aka gano kansa da wuri, kafin ya bazu zuwa gaɓoɓin da ke kusa da sauran sassan jiki.

Abun takaici, kididdiga daga ACS na nuna kusan 1 a cikin mutane 5 ne suka gano cutar kafin cutar ta yadu.

Chemotherapy da radiation galibi ana amfani dasu don tabbatar da cewa duk ciwon daji ya tafi bayan tiyata. Hakanan ana amfani dashi don magance kansar gallbladder wanda baza'a iya cire shi ba. Ba zai iya warkar da ciwon daji ba amma yana iya tsawanta rayuwa da magance alamomi.

Lokacin da ciwon daji na gallbladder ya ci gaba, ana iya yin tiyata don taimakawa bayyanar cututtuka. Wannan ana kiransa kulawar jinƙai. Sauran nau'ikan kulawa da jinƙai na iya haɗawa da:

• maganin ciwo
• maganin tashin zuciya
• oxygen
• sanya bututu, ko stent, a cikin bututun butle don buɗe shi don ya huce

Ana kuma amfani da kulawar kwantar da hankali lokacin da ba za a iya yin tiyata ba saboda mutum ba shi da ƙoshin lafiya.

A zama na gaba

Hangen nesa game da kansar gallbladder ya dogara da matakin. Ciwon daji na farko yana da kyakkyawar hangen nesa fiye da cutar daji-matakin-ci gaba.

Matsayin rayuwa na shekaru biyar yana nufin yawan mutanen da ke da halin da ke raye shekaru biyar bayan ganewar asali. A kan matsakaita, tsawon rai na shekaru biyar na duk matakan ciwon daji na gallbladder shine kashi 19.

A cewar ASCO, yawan rayuwar shekaru biyar don cutar kanjamau ta gallbladder ta mataki shine:

• Kashi 80 na carcinoma a cikin yanayi (mataki na 0)
• Kashi 50 cikin 100 na kansar da aka tsare a cikin gallbladder (mataki na 1)
• Kashi 8 na cutar kansa wanda ke yaduwa zuwa ƙwayoyin lymph (mataki na 3)
• kasa da kaso 4 cikin 100 na cutar kansa wanda ya daidaita (mataki na 4)

Tsayar da cutar kansa na gallbladder

Saboda yawancin abubuwan haɗari, kamar su shekaru da ƙabila, ba za a iya canza su ba, ba za a iya hana kansar mafitsara ba. Koyaya, samun rayuwa mai kyau na iya taimakawa rage haɗarinku. Wasu matakai don rayuwa mai kyau na iya haɗawa da:

• Kula da lafiya mai nauyi. Wannan babban bangare ne na rayuwa mai kyau kuma ɗayan manyan hanyoyi don rage haɗarin kamuwa da nau'ikan cutar kansa da yawa, gami da kansar gallbladder.
• Cin abinci mai kyau. Cin 'ya'yan itace da kayan marmari na iya taimakawa wajen inganta garkuwar jikinka kuma zai iya kare ka daga yin rashin lafiya. Cin hatsi gaba ɗaya maimakon ingantaccen hatsi da iyakance abincin da aka sarrafa za su iya taimaka muku ku kasance cikin koshin lafiya.
• Motsa jiki. Fa'idojin motsa jiki matsakaici sun haɗa da kai da kiyaye ƙimar lafiya da ƙarfafa garkuwar jikinka.