Hyponatremia: menene menene, yadda ake magance shi da kuma manyan dalilan

Wadatacce

• Babban Sanadin
• Yadda ake bincike
• Yadda ake yin maganin
• Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Hyponatremia shine raguwar adadin sodium dangane da ruwa, wanda a gwajin jini ana nuna shi ta ƙimomin da ke ƙasa 135 mEq / L. Wannan canjin yana da haɗari saboda ƙananan matakin sodium a cikin jini, mafi girman ƙarancin alamun, tare da ɓarkewar jijiyar kwakwalwa, kamuwa da kuma, a wasu yanayi, suma.

Rage yawan sinadarin sodium a cikin jini ya fi yawa ga marasa lafiya a asibiti kuma, saboda haka, dole ne su yi gwajin jini a kai a kai. Maganin hyponatremia ana yin sa ne ta hanyar maye gurbin adadin sodium a cikin jini ta hanyar gudanar da magani, wanda ya kamata likita ya tsara a cikin adadin da ake bukata bisa ga kowane yanayi.

Babban Sanadin

Rage yawan narkar da sinadarin sodium a cikin jini yana haifar da duk wata cuta da ke sa yawan ruwan da jiki ke cirewa ya ragu, ko kuma lokacin da aka tara ruwa da yawa a cikin jini, don haka sodium din ta narke.

Vasopressin shine hormone da ke da alhakin daidaita yawan ruwa a jiki, wanda ake fitarwa ta glandon lokacin da ake samun karancin karfin jini, saukar karfin jini ko kuma idan akwai wani adadi mai yawa na zagaya sodium. Koyaya, a wasu yanayi akwai iya samun ƙarancin tsari na yawan kwayar cutar vasopressin da aka samar, wanda ke haifar da hyponatremia. Don haka, wasu daga cikin manyan dalilan hyponatremia sune:

• Yawan sukarin jini, wanda ke faruwa a ciwon suga;
• Amai ko gudawa, wanda ke haifar da cutar karfin jini da na rashin karfin jini;
• Cututtukan da ke tara ruwa a cikin jiki, kamar su zuciya, ciwan cirrhosis na hanta, tsananin hypothyroidism da ciwan koda na kullum;
• Cututtuka da yanayin da ke haifar da vasopressin mai yawa;
• Amfani da magungunan da zasu iya riƙe ruwa, kamar wasu magungunan ƙwayoyin kumburi;
• Motsa jiki da ya wuce kima, kamar su marathons, wanda ke kara kuzari ga jiki don samar da homon anti-diuretic, ban da yawan shan ruwa;
• Amfani da ƙwayoyi, kamar su Ecstasy;
• Yawan amfani da ruwa, kamar giya, shayi, har ma da ruwa.

Shan ruwa mai yawa har ya kai ga haifar da cutar hyponatremia na iya faruwa a cikin yanayin tabin hankali, kamar su potomania, wanda giya ke sha da yawa, ko psychogenic polydipsia, wanda mutum ke shan ruwa fiye da yadda ya kamata.

Ga 'yan wasa, abin da ya fi dacewa ba shine ya wuce yawan abin sha a yayin motsa jiki ba, kamar yadda kusan milimita 150 na ruwa a kowane awa 1 na motsa jiki ya wadatar. Idan kun ji ƙishirwa fiye da wannan, ya kamata ku sha wani abin sha na isotonic, irin su Gatorade, wanda ya ƙunshi mahimman ma'adanai, kiyaye kulawar jini.

Yadda ake bincike

Ganewar cutar hyponatremia ana yin ta ne ta hanyar auna sodium a cikin jini, wanda a ciki aka tabbatar da ƙarancin mizanin 135 mEq / L. Tabbas, ƙimar sodium yakamata ya kasance tsakanin 135 da 145 mEq / L.

Likita ne yake gano asalin cutar, wanda yake bincika canje-canje daga tarihin asibiti da sauran gwaje-gwajen jini, kamar kimanta aikin koda, hanta, matakan glucose na jini, da yawan jini da fitsari, wanda ke taimakawa wajen gano asalin na canji.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Don magance hyponatremia, dole ne likita ya gano tsananin alamun, kuma ko yana da saurin sauyi ko sauyin shigarwa. A cikin ɓacin rai mai tsanani, ko lokacin da yake haifar da alamomi, ana yin maye da magani mai yawan sodium, wanda shine maganin gishirin hawan jini.

Dole ne a lissafa wannan maye gurbin a hankali, gwargwadon bukatar sodium na kowane mutum kuma a yi shi sannu a hankali, saboda canjin da ake samu cikin matakan sodium ko yawan sinadarin sodium, wanda ke hawan jini, na iya zama cutarwa ga ƙwayoyin kwakwalwa. Ara koyo game da abin da ke haifar da yadda ake magance cututtukan jini.

Hakanan za'a iya magance cutar ta yau da kullun ta hanyar saline ko kuma salin, kuma gyara mai sauri ba lallai bane, tunda jikin yana riga yana daidaitawa da wannan yanayin. A cikin yanayi mara kyau, wani zaɓi shine ƙuntata adadin ruwan da za ku sha a rana, wanda zai iya sa jini ya sami kyakkyawan ruwa da gishiri.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Alamu da alamomi na hyponatremia sun fi tsanani yayin da adadin sodium ke raguwa a cikin jini. Don haka, za'a iya samun ciwon kai, tashin zuciya, amai da kuma bacci, misali. Lokacin da matakan suka yi ƙasa ƙwarai, zai yuwu cewa akwai kamuwa da cuta, jijiyoyin tsoka da coma.

Hyponatremia wanda ke haifar da bayyanar cututtuka ana ɗaukarsa gaggawa na likita kuma ya kamata a gano shi kuma a bi shi da wuri-wuri.