Gwajin gwajin cutar kanjamau

Wadatacce

• Menene gwajin HIV?
• Me ake amfani da shi?
• Me yasa nake bukatar gwajin HIV?
• Menene ya faru yayin gwajin HIV?
• Shin zan bukaci yin komai don shirya wa gwajin?
• Shin akwai haɗari ga gwajin?
• Menene sakamakon yake nufi?
• Bayani

Menene gwajin HIV?

Gwajin kanjamau na nuna ko kuna dauke da kwayar HIV (kwayar cutar kanjamau). HIV ƙwayar cuta ce da ke kai hari da lalata ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin garkuwar jiki. Waɗannan ƙwayoyin suna kare jikinka daga ƙwayoyin cuta masu haddasa cuta, kamar ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta. Idan ka rasa kwayoyin halitta masu yawa, jikinka zai sami matsala wajen yaƙi da cututtuka da sauran cututtuka.

Akwai manyan nau'ikan gwaje-gwaje uku na kwayar cutar kanjamau:

• Gwajin Antibody. Wannan gwajin yana neman kwayoyin cutar kanjamau ne a cikin jininka ko jininku. Tsarin garkuwar ku yana yin garkuwar jiki lokacin da kuka kamu da kwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin cuta, kamar HIV. Gwajin gwajin kanjamau na iya tantance ko kuna da HIV daga makonni 3-12 bayan kamuwa da cutar. Wancan ne saboda yana iya ɗaukar weeksan makonni ko mafi tsayi don tsarin garkuwar ku ya yi rigakafin cutar HIV. Kuna iya yin gwajin cutar kanjamau a cikin sirrin gidanku. Tambayi mai ba ku lafiya game da kayan gwajin HIV a gida.
• Gwajin HIV / Antigen. Wannan gwajin yana neman kwayoyin cutar kanjamau kuma antigens a cikin jini. Antigen wani ɓangare ne na ƙwayar cuta wanda ke haifar da amsawar rigakafi. Idan ka kamu da cutar HIV, antigens zasu bayyana a cikin jininka kafin ayi kwayoyin cutar kanjamau. Wannan gwajin zai iya samun kanjamau tsakanin makonni 2-6 na kamuwa da cutar. Gwajin HIV antibody / antigen shine ɗayan nau'ikan gwajin HIV mafi yawa.
• Kwayar cutar kwayar cutar HIV. Wannan gwajin yana auna yawan kwayar cutar HIV a cikin jini. Zai iya samun kanjamau cikin sauri fiye da gwajin antibody da antibody / antigen, amma yana da tsada sosai. An fi amfani dashi galibi don lura da ƙwayoyin HIV.

Sauran sunaye: gwajin HIV / antigen, HIV-1 da HIV-2 antibody da antigen kimantawa, gwajin kanjamau, gwajin rigakafin kwayar cutar dan adam, nau'in 1, HIV p24 antigen test

Me ake amfani da shi?

Ana amfani da gwajin HIV don gano ko kun kamu da cutar HIV. HIV ita ce kwayar cutar da ke haifar da cutar kanjamau. Mafi yawan mutanen da ke dauke da kwayar cutar HIV ba su da cutar kanjamau. Mutanen da ke ɗauke da cutar kanjamau suna da ƙananan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta kuma suna cikin haɗarin cututtukan haɗari na rayuwa, haɗe da haɗari masu haɗari, wani nau'in ciwon huhu mai tsanani, da wasu cututtukan kansa, gami da Kaposi sarcoma.

Idan an samo HIV da wuri, zaku iya samun magunguna don kare garkuwar ku. Magungunan HIV na iya hana ku kamuwa da cutar kanjamau.

Me yasa nake bukatar gwajin HIV?

Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka (CDC) sun ba da shawarar cewa duk wanda ke tsakanin shekara 13 zuwa 64 a yi gwajin cutar kanjamau a kalla sau daya a matsayin wani bangare na kula da lafiyar yau da kullun. Hakanan kuna iya buƙatar gwajin HIV idan kuna cikin haɗarin kamuwa da cuta. Kwayar cutar ta HIV tana yaduwa ne ta hanyar jima'i da jini, don haka kuna iya kasancewa cikin hadari mafi girma ga HIV idan kun:

• Shin mutum ne wanda yayi jima'i da wani mutum
• Yi jima'i tare da abokin tarayya mai cutar HIV
• Shin kun sami abokan jima'i da yawa
• Yi allurar ƙwayoyi, kamar su jaririn, ko raba allurar ƙwayoyi tare da wani

Cutar kanjamau na iya yaduwa daga uwa zuwa jariri yayin haihuwa da kuma ta madarar nono, don haka idan kuna da ciki likita na iya yin odar gwajin HIV. Akwai magunguna da zaku iya sha yayin daukar ciki da kuma haihuwa domin rage barazanar yaduwar cutar ga jaririn ku.

Menene ya faru yayin gwajin HIV?

Ko dai za a gwada jinni a dakin gwaje-gwaje, ko a yi gwaji a gida.

Don gwajin jini a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje:

• Kwararren masanin kiwon lafiya zai dauki samfurin jini daga jijiyar hannunka, ta amfani da karamin allura. Bayan an saka allurar, za a tara karamin jini a cikin bututun gwaji ko kwalba. Kuna iya jin ɗan kaɗan lokacin da allurar ta shiga ko fita. Wannan yawanci yakan dauki kasa da minti biyar.

Domin a gwajin gida, kuna buƙatar samo samfurin yau daga bakinku ko ɗigon jini daga yatsan ku.

• Kayan gwajin zai ba da umarni kan yadda zaka samo samfurin ka, sanya shi, sannan ka aika shi zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje.
  • Don gwajin yau, zaku yi amfani da kayan aiki kamar spatula na musamman don ɗaukar swab daga bakinku.
  • Don gwajin jinin jikin dan yatsan hannu, za ku yi amfani da kayan aiki na musamman don kuda yatsan ku kuma tattara samfurin jini.

Don ƙarin bayani game da gwajin gida, yi magana da mai kula da lafiyar ku.

Shin zan bukaci yin komai don shirya wa gwajin?

Ba kwa buƙatar kowane shiri na musamman don gwajin HIV. Amma ya kamata ka yi magana da mai ba da shawara kafin da / ko bayan gwajin ka don ka iya fahimtar abin da sakamakon yake nufi da kuma hanyoyin magance ka idan ka kamu da cutar kanjamau.

Shin akwai haɗari ga gwajin?

Akwai haɗari kaɗan ga yin gwajin gwajin HIV. Idan ka sami gwajin jini daga dakin gwaje-gwaje, ƙila ku sami ciwo ko rauni a inda aka sanya allurar, amma yawancin alamun suna tafi da sauri.

Menene sakamakon yake nufi?

Idan sakamakonka ba shi da kyau, yana iya nufin ba ka da HIV. Har ila yau, mummunan sakamako na iya nufin kuna da kwayar cutar HIV amma ba da daɗewa ba da labari. Zai iya daukar 'yan makwanni kafin kwayoyin cutar HIV da antigens su bayyana a jikinka. Idan sakamakonka ba shi da kyau, mai ba ka kiwon lafiya na iya yin odar ƙarin gwajin cutar HIV nan gaba.

Idan sakamakonku tabbatacce ne, zaku sami gwaji na gaba don tabbatar da cutar. Idan duka gwajin sun tabbata, to yana nufin kana dauke da kwayar cutar HIV. Hakan baya nufin kuna da kanjamau. Duk da yake babu maganin cutar kanjamau, akwai ingantattun magunguna da ake da su yanzu fiye da na da. A yau, mutanen da ke ɗauke da kwayar cutar HIV suna rayuwa mafi tsayi, tare da kyakkyawan yanayin rayuwa fiye da dā. Idan kana dauke da cutar kanjamau, yana da mahimmanci ka ga likitocin ka a kai a kai.

Learnara koyo game da gwaje-gwajen gwaje-gwaje, jeri na tunani, da fahimtar sakamako.

Bayani

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Ba za a yi amfani da bayanan da ke wannan rukunin yanar gizon a madadin madadin ƙwararrun likitocin ko shawara ba. Tuntuɓi mai ba da kiwon lafiya idan kuna da tambayoyi game da lafiyarku.