Ta yaya Canzawa ke Shafar Wasannin Wasannin Wasanni?

Wadatacce

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A watan Yuni, 'yar wasan da ta lashe lambar zinare ta Olympics Caitlyn Jenner-wacce aka fi sani da Bruce Jenner-ta fito a matsayin transgender. Lokaci ne mai cike da ruwa a cikin shekara inda batutuwan transgender ke ci gaba da yin kanun labarai. Yanzu, ana ɗaukar Jenner ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun mutanen transgender a bayyane a duniya. Amma kafin ta zama gunkin transgender, kafin ta kasance Ci gaba da Kardashians, ta kasance 'yar wasa. Kuma sauye sauyen ta na jama'a ya sa ta zama shahararriyar 'yar wasan transgender a duniya. (A zahiri, jawabinta na zuciya ɗaya ne daga cikin Abubuwa 10 masu ban mamaki da suka faru a Kyautar ESPY.)

Kodayake Jenner ta canza tsawon lokaci bayan aikinta na motsa jiki, (sannu a hankali) karuwar karɓar waɗanda aka gano a matsayin transgender na nufin akwai mutane da yawa da ke can su ne sauyawa yayin gasa a cikin takamaiman wasanni. Sabbin kanun labarai suna fitowa kowane mako-akwai dan majalisar dokokin Dakota ta Kudu wanda ya ba da shawarar gwajin gani na al'aurar 'yan wasa; yunƙurin California na hana mutanen trans amfani da ɗakunan da aka zaɓa; hukuncin Ohio da cewa 'yan wasan mata a makarantar sakandare dole ne a duba su don ganin idan sun nuna fa'idar jiki dangane da tsarin kashi da ƙwayar tsoka. Ko da ga waɗanda ke da hankali da goyan bayan abubuwan LGBT, yana da wuyar ganewa idan akwai '' hanyar gaskiya '' don ba da damar wani ya yi wasa don ƙungiyar da ba jinsi ba ce daga abin da aka ba su lokacin haihuwa-musamman a cikin yanayin mata trans , waɗanda ke nuna mace amma mai yiwuwa suna da (da riƙe) ƙarfi, ƙarfin hali, yawan jiki, da jimirin namiji.

Tabbas, ƙwarewar zama ɗan wasan motsa jiki ya fi rikitarwa fiye da canza gashin ku kawai sannan kallon ƙofofin suna birgima. Ainihin kimiyyar da ke bayan maganin hormone ko ma tiyatar sake fasalin jinsi ba ta ba da amsa mai sauƙi ba, ko dai-amma ba likita ba. mataki yana canza ikon motsa jiki ta yadda wasu za su yi tunani.

Yadda Trans Jikin Canje-canje

Savannah Burton, 'yar shekara 40, mace ce ta wuce gona da iri wacce ke buga ƙwararrun ƙwallon dodge. Ta fafata a gasar zakarun duniya a wannan bazara tare da ƙungiyar mata-amma ta buga wa ƙungiyar maza kafin ta fara sauyi.

"Na taka wasanni mafi yawan rayuwata. A matsayina na yaro, na gwada komai: wasan hockey, tseren kankara, amma wasan baseball shine abin da na fi mai da hankali a kai," in ji ta. "Baseball ita ce soyayyata ta farko." Ta yi wasa kusan shekaru ashirin-duk da kasancewa namiji. Sa'an nan kuma ya zo a guje, kekuna, da dodgeball a 2007, sabon wasa mai kyau a waje da dakin motsa jiki na aji. Ta kasance shekaru da yawa a cikin aikinta na dodgeball lokacin da ta yanke shawarar ɗaukar matakan likita don canzawa cikin shekarunta talatin.

Burton ya tuno da cewa: "Har yanzu ina wasa dodgeball lokacin da na fara shan masu toshe testosterone da estrogen." Ta ji canje -canje na dabara a cikin 'yan watannin farko. "Tabbas zan iya ganin cewa jifa na ba ta da ƙarfi kamar yadda ta kasance. Ba zan iya yin wasa iri ɗaya ba. Ba zan iya yin gasa a matakin da nake da shi ba."

Ta bayyana wani canji na jiki wanda ya kasance mai ban sha'awa a matsayin mai canza jinsi kuma mai ban tsoro a matsayin ɗan wasa. Ta ce game da iyawa da daidaita ta. "Amma ƙarfin tsoka na ya ragu sosai. Ba zan iya jifa da ƙarfi ba." Bambanci ya kasance mai ban mamaki musamman a cikin dodgeball, inda makasudin shine yin jifa da sauri a kan maƙiyan ku. Lokacin da Burton ke wasa da maza, ƙwallayen za su yi birgima da ƙarfi daga ƙirjin mutane ta yadda za su yi babbar hayaniya. "Yanzu, mutane da yawa suna kama waɗannan ƙwallon," in ji ta. "Don haka yana da irin takaici haka." Jefa kamar yarinya, hakika.

Kwarewar Burton kwatankwacin sauye-sauye ne daga namiji zuwa mace (MTF), in ji Robert S. Beil, MD, na Ƙungiyar Lafiya ta Montefiore. "Rasa testosterone yana nufin rasa ƙarfi da rashin ƙarancin motsa jiki," in ji shi. "Ba mu sani ba idan testosterone yana da tasiri kai tsaye akan ƙarfin tsoka, amma ba tare da testosterone ba, ana kula da su cikin ƙanƙanta." Wannan yana nufin cewa mata yawanci suna buƙatar yin aiki tuƙuru don tsawan lokaci don kula da ƙwayar tsoka, yayin da maza ke ganin sakamako cikin sauri.

Beil ya kara da cewa maza suna da matsakaicin matsakaicin adadin adadin jini, kuma sauye-sauye na iya "sa yawan jan jinin jini ya ragu, saboda adadin jajayen sel da samar da kwayar jini yana tasiri ta hanyar testosterone." Kwayoyin jinin ku na da mahimmanci wajen ɗaukar iskar oxygen daga huhu zuwa kyallen jikin ku; mutanen da ke samun ƙarin jini sau da yawa suna jin ƙarfin ƙarfi da ƙarfi, yayin da mutanen da ke fama da karancin jini suna jin rauni. Wannan na iya bayyana dalilin da yasa Burton shima ya ba da rahoton raguwar ƙarfi da juriya, musamman lokacin tafiya da safe.

Fat kuma yana sake rarrabawa, yana ba mata nono da ɗan ɗanɗano mai ɗanɗano, siffa mai lanƙwasa. Alexandria Gutierrez, 28, mace ce mai wucewa wacce ta kafa wani kamfani mai ba da horo, TRANSnFIT, wanda ya ƙware wajen koyar da al'umar transgender. Ta shafe shekaru ashirin tana aiki tukuru don rage nauyi bayan da ta kai kolo 220, amma ta ga duk wannan ƙoƙarin a zahiri yana taushi a idanunta lokacin da ta fara shan isrogen shekaru biyu da suka gabata. Ta tuna. "Bayan 'yan shekaru da tafiya na kan yi amfani da nauyin kilo 35 don reps. A yau, ina fafutukar ɗaga dumbbell mai fam 20." Ya ɗauki aikin shekara ɗaya don komawa ga lambobin da ta ja kafin sauyin ta.

Matsalar motsa jiki ce da mata ke tsoron ɗagawa saboda ba sa son tsokar tsoka, amma Gutierrez ya tabbatar wa matan cewa da wuya a isa wurin. "Zan iya ɗaukar nauyi mai nauyi, kuma tsokoki na ba za su canza ba," in ji ta. "A haƙiƙa, na yi ƙoƙarin ƙara girma, a matsayin gwaji, kuma bai yi aiki ba."

Canjin jujjuyawar mace zuwa namiji (FTM) yana samun ƙasa da hankali na 'yan wasa, amma yana da kyau a lura cewa, eh, trans men yi yawanci jin kishiyar tasirin, kodayake a ɗan jima saboda testosterone yana da ƙarfi sosai. "Yana iya ɗaukar shekaru don haɓaka jikin da kuke so a ƙarƙashin yanayi na al'ada, amma testosterone yana sa ya faru da sauri," in ji Beil. "Yana canza ƙarfin ku da saurin ku da ikon amsawa ga motsa jiki." Ee, yana da kyau ka zama namiji lokacin da kake neman babban biceps da fakiti shida abs.

Menene Babban Yarjejeniyar?

Ko namiji ko mace ko akasin haka, tsarin kasusuwan mutum ba zai canza ba ta hanya mai mahimmanci. Idan mace ce aka haife ku, har yanzu kuna iya zama gajarta, ƙanƙanta, kuma kuna da ƙarancin ƙasusuwa bayan canji; idan an haife ku namiji, za ku fi zama tsayi, girma, kuma kuna da ƙasusuwa. Kuma a cikinta akwai jayayya.

Beil ya ce "Mutumin na FTM zai ƙare da ɗan rauni saboda suna da ƙaramin firam," in ji Beil. "Amma mutanen MTF trans sun fi girma, kuma suna iya samun wasu ƙarfi daga kafin su fara amfani da estrogen."

Waɗannan fa'idodi na musamman ne ke ta da tambayoyi masu tsauri ga ƙungiyoyin wasannin motsa jiki a duniya. "Ina tsammanin ga makarantar sakandare ko ƙungiyoyin wasannin motsa jiki na gida, ƙaramin ɗan ƙaramin bambanci ne da ya kamata mutane su yi watsi da shi," in ji shi. "Tambaya ce mai wahala lokacin da kuke magana game da fitattun 'yan wasa."

Amma wasu 'yan wasa da kansu suna jayayya cewa da gaske babu fa'ida. Gutierrez yayi karin bayani "Yarinyar da ba ta da karfi ba ta fi sauran 'yan mata karfi ba." "Batun ilimi ne. Wannan gaba ɗaya al'adu ne." Trans * Dan wasa, albarkatun kan layi, yana lura da manufofin yau da kullun ga 'yan wasan trans a matakai daban-daban a duk faɗin ƙasar. Kwamitin wasannin Olympic na duniya, na ɗaya, ya baiyana cewa 'yan wasan transgender na iya yin gasa don ƙungiyar jinsi da suka yi kama da ita, muddin sun kammala tiyata ta waje da doka ta canza jinsi.

"Kimiyyar da ke baya [canzawa] ita ce, babu wata fa'ida ga 'yan wasa. Wannan shine ɗayan manyan matsalolin da nake da su tare da jagororin IOC, "in ji Burton. Ee, an yarda 'yan wasan trans na fasaha su shiga gasar Olympics. Amma ta hanyar buƙatar tiyata ta farji da farko, IOC ta yi nasu bayanin abin da ake nufi da zama transgender; ba ya la'akari da cewa wasu mutanen trans ba za su taɓa yin tiyata ba-saboda ba za su iya biyan shi ba, ba za su iya murmurewa daga gare ta ba, ko kuma kawai ba sa so. Burton ya ce "Mutane da yawa suna jin cewa hakan yana da matukar rikitarwa."

Kodayake duka matan biyu sun rasa wasu dabarun wasan su, sun ce abubuwan da ke kawo sauyi sun fi na banza.

"Na kasance a shirye in bar komai don canzawa, har ma ya kashe ni," in ji Burton. "Shi ne kawai zaɓi a gare ni. Ina jin kamar, zai yi kyau idan zan iya yin wasanni bayan wannan, amma abin alfahari ne. Gaskiyar cewa ina iya yin wasa bayan canjin abin mamaki ne kawai."

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