Gwajin aikin Hanta

Wadatacce

• Mene ne mafi yawan gwajin aikin hanta?
• Gwajin Alanine transaminase (ALT)
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) gwajin
• Gwajin alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
• Gwajin Albumin
• Gwajin Bilirubin
• Me yasa nake buƙatar gwajin aikin hanta?
• Menene alamun rashin lafiyar hanta?
• Yadda ake shirya don gwajin aikin hanta
• Yadda ake gwajin aikin hanta
• Haɗarin gwajin aikin hanta
• Bayan gwajin aikin hanta

Menene gwajin aikin hanta?

Gwajin aikin hanta, wanda aka fi sani da ƙwayoyin hanta, yana taimakawa ƙayyade lafiyar hanta ta hanyar auna matakan sunadarai, hanta enzymes, da bilirubin a cikin jininka.

Gwajin aikin hanta galibi ana ba da shawarar a cikin yanayi masu zuwa:

• don bincika lalacewa daga cututtukan hanta, irin su hepatitis B da hepatitis C
• don lura da illar wasu magunguna da aka san suna shafar hanta
• idan kun riga kuna da cutar hanta, don lura da cutar da kuma yadda magani ke aiki
• idan kuna fuskantar alamun rashin lafiyar hanta
• idan kana da wasu yanayin kiwon lafiya kamar su babban triglycerides, ciwon suga, hawan jini, ko rashin jini
• idan zaka sha giya mai yawa
• idan kana da cutar gallbladder

Za'a iya yin gwaje-gwaje da yawa akan hanta. Wasu gwaje-gwaje na iya nuna abubuwa daban-daban na aikin hanta.

Gwaje-gwajen da aka saba amfani dasu don bincika abubuwan haɗarin hanta sune gwaje-gwajen dubawa:

• transaminase na alanine (ALT)
• asartot aminotransferase (AST)
• alkaline phosphatase (ALP)
• albumin
• bilirubin

Gwajin ALT da AST suna auna enzymes da hanta ke fitarwa sakamakon lalacewa ko cuta. Gwajin albumin na auna yadda hanta ke samar da albumin ne, yayin gwajin bilirubin yana auna yadda yake zubar da bilirubin. Ana iya amfani da ALP don kimanta tsarin bile na hanta.

Samun sakamako mara kyau akan kowane ɗayan waɗannan gwaje-gwajen hanta yawanci yana buƙatar biyo baya don ƙayyade dalilin rashin lafiyar. Koda sakamako maɗaukaki da aka ɗaukaka na iya haɗuwa da cutar hanta. Koyaya, ana iya samun waɗannan enzymes a wasu wurare banda hanta.

Yi magana da likitanka game da sakamakon gwajin aikin hanta da kuma abin da suke iya nufi a gare ku.

Mene ne mafi yawan gwajin aikin hanta?

Ana amfani da gwajin aikin hanta don auna takamaiman enzymes da sunadarai a cikin jininka.

Dogaro da gwajin, ko dai mafi girma ko ƙasa-da-al'ada-ta waɗannan enzymes ko sunadarai na iya nuna matsala tare da hanta.

Wasu gwaje-gwajen aikin hanta na yau da kullun sun haɗa da:

Gwajin Alanine transaminase (ALT)

Jikin ku yana amfani da sinadarin Alanine transaminase (ALT) don inganta furotin. Idan hanta ta lalace ko bata aiki yadda yakamata, ana iya sakin ALT a cikin jini. Wannan yana sa matakan ALT su ƙaru.

Sakamakon mafi girma fiye da al'ada akan wannan gwajin na iya zama alamar lalacewar hanta.

Dangane da Kwalejin Gastroenterology ta Amurka, wani ALT sama da 25 IU / L (rukunin ƙasashen duniya na kowace lita) a cikin mata da 33 IU / L a cikin maza yawanci suna buƙatar ƙarin gwaji da kimantawa.

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) gwajin

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) enzyme ne wanda ake samu a sassan jikinka, da suka hada da zuciya, hanta, da tsokoki. Tunda matakan AST basu da takamaiman lalacewar hanta kamar ALT, yawanci ana auna shi tare da ALT don bincika matsalolin hanta.

Lokacin da hanta ta lalace, ana iya sakin AST a cikin jini. Babban sakamako akan gwajin AST na iya nuna matsala tare da hanta ko tsokoki.

Matsakaicin al'ada na AST yawanci har zuwa 40 IU / L a cikin manya kuma yana iya zama mafi girma a cikin jarirai da ƙananan yara.

Gwajin alkaline phosphatase (ALP)

Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme ne wanda ake samu a cikin kashinku, bututun bile, da hanta. Ana yin gwajin ALP yawanci a haɗe tare da wasu gwaje-gwaje da yawa.

Babban matakin ALP na iya nuna kumburin hanta, toshewar bututun bile, ko cutar ƙashi.

Yara da matasa na iya samun darajar ALP saboda ƙasusuwan su suna girma. Ciki kuma na iya ɗaga matakan ALP. Matsakaicin al'ada na ALP yawanci har zuwa 120 U / L a cikin manya.

Gwajin Albumin

Albumin shine babban furotin da hanta keyi. Yana aiwatar da mahimman ayyuka masu yawa na jiki. Misali, albumin:

• yana dakatar da ruwa daga malalar jini
• yana ciyar da kyallen takarda
• jigilar hormones, bitamin, da sauran abubuwa cikin jikin ku

Gwajin albumin yana gwada yadda hanta ke yin wannan takamaiman furotin. Lowananan sakamako a kan wannan gwajin na iya nuna cewa hanta ba ta aiki daidai.

Matsakaicin yanayi na albumin shine 3.5-5.0 gram a kowane deciliter (g / dL). Koyaya, ƙaramin albumin shima yana iya zama sakamakon rashin abinci mai gina jiki, cutar koda, kamuwa da cuta, da kumburi.

Gwajin Bilirubin

Bilirubin kayan ɓataccen abu ne daga lalacewar jajayen ƙwayoyin jini. Yana al'ada sarrafa shi ta hanta. Yana ratsa hanta kafin a fitar da ku ta cikin tabonku.

Hantar da ta lalace ba za ta iya sarrafa bilirubin yadda ya kamata ba. Wannan yana haifar da babban hawan bilirubin a cikin jini. Babban sakamako akan gwajin bilirubin na iya nuna cewa hanta baya aiki yadda yakamata.

Matsakaicin yanayi na jimillar bilirubin galibi miligram 0.1-1.2 ne a kowane deciliter (mg / dL). Akwai wasu cututtukan gado waɗanda ke ɗaga matakan bilirubin, amma aikin hanta na al'ada ne.

Me yasa nake buƙatar gwajin aikin hanta?

Gwajin hanta na iya taimakawa wajen tantance idan hanta ke aiki daidai. Hanta yana yin ayyuka masu mahimmanci na jiki, kamar:

• cire abubuwa masu gurɓata daga jinin ku
• canza abubuwa masu gina jiki daga abincin da kuke ci
• adana ma'adanai da bitamin
• daidaita yaduwar jini
• samar da cholesterol, sunadarai, enzymes, da bile
• yin abubuwan da ke yaƙar kamuwa da cuta
• cire kwayoyin cuta daga jininka
• sarrafa abubuwa waɗanda zasu cutar da jikin ku
• kiyaye ma'aunin hormone
• daidaita matakan sukarin jini

Matsaloli tare da hanta na iya sa mutum ya kamu da rashin lafiya har ma ya zama barazanar rayuwa.

Menene alamun rashin lafiyar hanta?

Kwayar cutar hanta ta hada da:

• rauni
• gajiya ko rashin kuzari
• asarar nauyi
• jaundice (launin rawaya da idanu)
• tarin ruwa a cikin ciki, wanda aka sani da ascites
• canza launin jiki (launin fitsari mai duhu ko kujerun haske)
• tashin zuciya
• amai
• gudawa
• ciwon ciki
• mummunan rauni ko zubar jini

Kwararka na iya yin odar gwajin aikin hanta idan kana fuskantar alamun rashin lafiyar hanta. Gwaje-gwajen aikin hanta daban na iya sa ido kan ci gaba ko maganin wata cuta da gwaji don tasirin wasu magunguna.

Yadda ake shirya don gwajin aikin hanta

Likitanku zai ba ku cikakkun bayanai game da yadda za ku shirya wa samfurin gwajin sashin gwajin.

Wasu magunguna da abinci na iya shafar matakan waɗannan enzymes da sunadarai a cikin jininka. Likitanka na iya tambayar ka ka guji wasu nau'ikan magunguna, ko kuma suna iya tambayar ka ka guji cin komai na wani lokaci kafin gwajin. Tabbatar da ci gaba da shan ruwan kafin gwajin.

Kuna so ku sa rigar da hannayen riga wanda za'a iya nade shi sauƙaƙe don karɓar samfurin jini.

Yadda ake gwajin aikin hanta

Kuna iya ɗaukar jininka a asibiti ko a wani wurin gwaji na musamman. Don gudanar da gwajin:

1. Maikatan kiwon lafiyar zasu tsabtace fatar ku kafin gwajin domin rage yiwuwar duk wani karamin kwayar cuta da ke jikin fata zai haifar da cuta.
2. Wataƙila za su kunsa madaurin roba a hannu. Wannan zai taimaka jijiyoyinka su zama bayyane. Zasu yi amfani da allura don zana samfurin jini daga hannunka.
3. Bayan zane, mai ba da kiwon lafiyar zai sanya wasu gauze da bandeji akan wurin huda. Sannan za su aika samfurin jinin zuwa dakin gwaje-gwaje don gwaji.

Haɗarin gwajin aikin hanta

Zubar da jini hanyoyin yau da kullun ne kuma da wuya ya haifar da wani mummunar illa. Koyaya, haɗarin bada samfurin jini na iya haɗawa da:

• zubar jini a karkashin fata, ko hematoma
• yawan zubar jini
• suma
• kamuwa da cuta

Bayan gwajin aikin hanta

Bayan gwajin, yawanci kuna iya barin gudanar da rayuwar ku kamar yadda kuka saba. Koyaya, idan kun ji suma ko ɗauke kai yayin zuban jini, ya kamata ku huta kafin ku bar wurin gwajin.

Sakamakon waɗannan gwaje-gwajen bazai gaya wa likitanka ainihin yanayin da kuke da shi ba ko kuma matakin duk wata cutar hanta, amma suna iya taimaka wa likitanku ƙayyade matakai na gaba. Likitanku zai kira ku tare da sakamakon ko tattauna su tare da ku a alƙawari na gaba.

Gabaɗaya, idan sakamakonku ya nuna matsala tare da aikin hanta, likitanku zai sake nazarin magungunan ku da tarihin lafiyarku na baya don taimakawa ƙayyade dalilin.

Idan kun sha barasa sosai, to kuna buƙatar dakatar da shan giya. Idan likitanku ya gano cewa magani yana haifar da haɓakar hanta enzymes, to, za su ba ku shawara ku dakatar da shan magani.

Likitanku na iya yanke shawara don gwada ku don hepatitis, wasu cututtuka, ko wasu cututtuka waɗanda zasu iya shafar hanta. Hakanan suna iya zaɓar yin hoto, kamar duban dan tayi ko CT scan. Suna iya bayar da shawarar biopsy na hanta don kimanta hanta don fibrosis, mai cutar hanta mai haɗari, ko wasu yanayin hanta.