Tarin fuka na Meningeal

Wadatacce

• Hanyoyin haɗari
• Kwayar cututtuka
• Yadda ake tantance shi
• Rikitarwa
• Jiyya
• Rigakafin
• Hangen nesa ga mutanen da ke fama da tarin fuka na sankarau

Bayani

Tarin fuka (tarin fuka) cuta ne mai yaduwa, iska mai yaduwa wanda yawanci ke shafar huhu. Tarin fuka ne ke haifar da kwayar cuta mai suna Cutar tarin fuka na Mycobacterium. Idan ba a magance saurin kamuwa da cutar ba da sauri, kwayoyin cuta na iya bi ta hanyoyin jini su harbu da wasu gabobi da kyallen takarda.

Wani lokaci, kwayoyin zasuyi tafiya zuwa meninges, waɗanda sune membran ɗin da suka kewaye kwakwalwa da ƙashin baya. Cutar sankarau da ke dauke da cutar na iya haifar da wani yanayi mai barazanar rai da aka sani da cutar sankarau ta sankarau. Ana kuma san tarin fuka na sankarau a sankarau ko cutar sankarau.

Hanyoyin haɗari

Tarin fuka da cutar sankarau na iya bunkasa a cikin yara da manya na kowane zamani. Koyaya, mutanen da ke da takamaiman matsalolin kiwon lafiya suna cikin haɗarin haɓaka waɗannan yanayi.

Abubuwan haɗari ga tarin fuka sankarau sun hada da samun tarihin:

• HIV / AIDs
• yawan shan giya
• ya raunana garkuwar jiki
• ciwon sukari

Ba kasafai ake samun cutar sankarau a Amurka ba saboda yawan rigakafin da ake yi. A cikin ƙasashe masu ƙarancin kuɗi, yara tsakanin haihuwa zuwa shekara 4 mai yiwuwa su kamu da wannan yanayin.

Kwayar cututtuka

Da farko, alamomin tarin fuka sankarau galibi suna bayyana a hankali. Sun zama masu tsanani tsawon makonni. A farkon matakan kamuwa da cutar, alamun cutar na iya haɗawa da:

• gajiya
• rashin lafiya
• ƙananan zazzabi

Yayinda cutar ta ci gaba, alamun cutar za su zama masu tsanani. Alamomin gargajiya na sankarau, kamar taurin kai, ciwon kai, da ƙoshin haske, ba koyaushe suke kasancewa a tarin fuka na sankarau ba. Madadin haka, zaku iya fuskantar alamun bayyanar masu zuwa:

• zazzaɓi
• rikicewa
• tashin zuciya da amai
• kasala
• bacin rai
• suma

Yadda ake tantance shi

Likitanku zai yi gwajin jiki kuma ya tambaye ku game da alamunku da tarihin lafiyar ku.

Likitanku na iya yin odar ƙarin gwaje-gwaje idan suna tsammanin kuna da alamun cutar sankarau na tarin fuka. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da hujin lumbar, wanda aka fi sani da famfo na kashin baya. Zasu tattara ruwa daga sashin kashin ka kuma su aika shi dakin gwaje-gwaje don bincike don tabbatar da yanayin ka.

Sauran gwaje-gwajen da likitanka zai iya amfani dasu don kimanta lafiyar ku sun haɗa da:

• biopsy na meninges
• al'adun jini
• kirjin X-ray
• CT scan na kai
• gwajin fata don tarin fuka (PPD gwajin fata)

Rikitarwa

Rikice-rikicen cutar sankarau na tarin fuka yana da mahimmanci, kuma a wasu lokuta na barazanar rai. Sun hada da:

• kamuwa
• rashin jin magana
• ƙara matsa lamba a cikin kwakwalwa
• lalacewar kwakwalwa
• bugun jini
• mutuwa

Pressureara matsin lamba a cikin kwakwalwa na iya haifar da lahani na dindindin da ba za a iya gyarawa ba. Kira likitanku nan da nan idan kun sami canjin hangen nesa da ciwon kai a lokaci guda. Waɗannan na iya zama alamar ƙara matsa lamba a cikin kwakwalwa.

Jiyya

Ana amfani da ƙwayoyi huɗu don magance cutar tarin fuka:

• isoniazid
• rifampin
• pyrazinamide
• ethambutol

Maganin tarin fuka sankarau ya hada da wadannan magungunan guda daya, banda ethambutol. Ethambutol baya ratsa layin kwakwalwa sosai. Fluoroquinolone, kamar moxifloxacin ko levofloxacin, yawanci ana amfani dashi a wurinsa.

Hakanan likitan ku na iya ba da umarnin yin amfani da magungunan sitirin. Steroids zai rage rikitarwa hade da yanayin.

Dogaro da tsananin kamuwa da cutar, magani na iya ɗauka tsawon watanni 12. A wasu lokuta, kana iya bukatar magani a asibiti.

Rigakafin

Hanya mafi kyawu wajan rigakafin kamuwa da cutar sankarau shine a kiyaye kamuwa da cutar tarin fuka. A cikin al'ummomin da tarin fuka ya zama ruwan dare, allurar Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) na iya taimakawa wajen shawo kan yaduwar cutar. Wannan rigakafin yana da tasiri don magance cututtukan tarin fuka ga ƙananan yara.

Kula da mutanen da ke dauke da cutar tarin fuka ba zai iya taimakawa ba wajen magance yaduwar cutar. Cututtuka marasa aiki ko bacci sune lokacin da mutum yayi gwajin tabbatacce na tarin fuka, amma bashi da alamun alamun cutar. Mutanen da ke da ƙwayoyin cuta har yanzu suna iya yada cutar.

Hangen nesa ga mutanen da ke fama da tarin fuka na sankarau

Hangenku zai dogara ne da tsananin alamun alamunku da kuma saurin neman magani. Binciken asali ya ba likitanka damar bayar da magani. Idan kun karɓi magani kafin rikitarwa ya ci gaba, hangen nesa yana da kyau.

Hangen nesa ga mutanen da ke haifar da lalacewar ƙwaƙwalwa ko bugun jini tare da cutar sankarau na TB ba shi da kyau. Pressureara matsa lamba a cikin kwakwalwa yana nuna ƙarancin hangen nesa ga mutum. Lalacewar kwakwalwa daga wannan yanayin na dindindin kuma zai iya shafar lafiyar cikin dogon lokaci.

Kuna iya inganta wannan kamuwa da cuta fiye da sau ɗaya. Likitanku zai buƙaci ya sa ido a kanku bayan an yi muku maganin cutar sankarau don su iya gano sabon kamuwa da cuta da wuri-wuri.