Myelomeningocele: menene menene, bayyanar cututtuka, dalilai da magani

Wadatacce

• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Abin da ke haifar da myelomeningocele
• Yadda ake yin maganin
• Yaya ake yin aikin tiyatar?
• Shin zai yiwu a yi tiyata a mahaifa?
• Physiotherapy don myelomeningocele
• Lokacin da kuka koma wurin likita

Myelomeningocele shine mafi tsananin nau'in spina bifida, wanda kashin bayan jariri baya bunkasa yadda yakamata yayin daukar ciki, wanda ke haifar da bayyanar wata jaka a bayanta wacce ke dauke da jijiyoyin baya, jijiyoyi da kuma ruwa mai ruba.

Gabaɗaya, bayyanar aljihun myelomeningocele ya fi yawa a ƙasan baya, amma yana iya bayyana a ko ina a kan kashin baya, wanda zai sa yaro ya rasa ji da aiki da gabobin da ke ƙasa da inda canjin ya kasance.

Myelomeningocele ba shi da magani saboda, kodayake yana yiwuwa a rage jaka tare da tiyata, raunin da matsalar ta haifar ba za a iya juya shi gaba ɗaya ba.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Babban alama ta myelomeningocele ita ce bayyanar wata 'yar jaka a bayan jariri, duk da haka, sauran alamun sun haɗa da:

• Wahala ko rashin motsi a kafafu;
• Raunin jijiyoyi;
• Rashin ƙwarewa ga zafi ko sanyi;
• Rashin fitsari da fitsari;
• Rashin nakasa a kafafu ko kafafu.

Yawancin lokaci, ana gano asalin myelomeningocele daidai lokacin haihuwa tare da lura da jaka a bayan jariri. Bugu da ƙari, likita yawanci yana buƙatar gwajin neurological don bincika duk wani haɗin jijiya.

Abin da ke haifar da myelomeningocele

Dalilin cutar myelomeningocele bai riga ya tabbata ba, duk da haka an yi imanin cewa sakamakon kwayar halitta ne da abubuwan da ke cikin muhalli, kuma galibi yana da alaƙa da tarihin rashin lahani a cikin iyali ko rashi folic acid.

Bugu da kari, matan da suka yi amfani da wasu magungunan hana daukar ciki yayin daukar ciki, ko kuma suke da ciwon suga, alal misali, sun fi samun myelomeningocele.

Don hana myelomeningocele, yana da muhimmanci ga mata masu juna biyu su kara folic acid kafin da lokacin daukar ciki, saboda ban da guje wa myelomeningocele, yana hana haihuwa da wuri da kuma pre-eclampsia, misali. Duba yadda yakamata ayi folic acid kari yayin daukar ciki.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Jiyya na myelomeningocele yawanci ana farawarsa a cikin awanni 48 na farko bayan haihuwa tare da tiyata don gyara canjin cikin kashin baya da hana farkon kamuwa da cuta ko sabbin raunuka a cikin lakar kashin baya, iyakance nau'in ciwan jini.

Kodayake magani don myelomeningocele tare da tiyata yana da tasiri don warkar da rauni na kashin baya na jariri, ba zai iya magance alamun da jaririn ya samu tun haihuwarsa ba. Wato, idan aka haifi jaririn da inna ko rashin nutsuwa, alal misali, ba za a warke ba, amma zai hana bayyanar sabon juzu’i wanda zai iya tasowa daga bayyanar lakar bayan gida.

Yaya ake yin aikin tiyatar?

Yin aikin tiyata don magance myelomeningocele yawanci ana yin sa ne a cikin asibiti a ƙarƙashin maganin rigakafi kuma ya kamata, daidai, a yi ta ƙungiyar da ke ƙunshe da likitan jiji da likitan filastik. Wancan ne saboda yawanci yana bi mataki-mataki ne mai zuwa:

1. Isunƙarar baya ta rufe ta neurosurgeon;
2. An rufe tsokoki na baya ta hanyar likitan filastik da neurosurgeon;
3. Fatar ta rufe ta likitan filastik.

Sau da yawa, tunda akwai ƙaramar fata a wurin myelomeningocele, likitan yana buƙatar cire wani fatar daga wani ɓangaren bayan jaririn ko ƙasansa, don yin wani yanki da kuma rufe buɗewar a bayan.

Bugu da kari, yawancin jarirai masu dauke da myelomeningocele suma zasu iya samarda hydrocephalus, wanda matsala ce da ke haifar da tarin ruwa mai yawa a cikin kwanyar don haka, sabili da haka, yana iya zama dole a sami sabon tiyata bayan shekarar farko ta rayuwa don sanya tsarin da zai taimaka don fitar da ruwa zuwa wasu sassan jiki. Ara koyo game da yadda ake kula da hydrocephalus.

Shin zai yiwu a yi tiyata a mahaifa?

Kodayake ba shi da yawa, a wasu asibitocin, akwai kuma zaɓi na yin tiyata don kawo ƙarshen myelomeningocele kafin ƙarshen ciki, har yanzu a cikin mahaifar mace mai ciki.

Ana iya yin wannan aikin a kusan makonni 24, amma hanya ce mai kyau wacce yakamata likitan da ya ƙware ya yi shi, wanda ya ƙare da sanya tiyatar ta zama mafi tsada. Koyaya, sakamakon tiyata a cikin mahaifa ya zama mafi kyau, tunda akwai ƙarancin yiwuwar sabon rauni na kashin baya yayin daukar ciki.

Physiotherapy don myelomeningocele

Dole ne a yi aikin gyaran jiki don myelomeningocele yayin ci gaban jariri da ci gabansa don kiyaye faɗin haɗin gwiwa da kuma guje wa cutar tsoka.

Bugu da kari, maganin jiki shima wata babbar hanya ce da za a karfafa yara su magance gazawar su, kamar yadda yake a yanayin shanyewar jiki, hakan zai basu damar samun rayuwa mai zaman kanta, ta hanyar amfani da sanduna ko keken guragu, misali.

Lokacin da kuka koma wurin likita

Bayan an sallami jariri daga asibiti yana da muhimmanci a je wurin likita lokacin da alamomi kamar su:

• Zazzabi sama da 38ºC;
• Rashin sha'awar yin wasa da rashin kulawa;
• Redness a wurin aikin tiyata;
• Rage ƙarfi a cikin ɓangarorin da ba a taɓa su ba;
• Yawan amai;
• Dilated wuri mai laushi.

Wadannan alamomin na iya nuna rikitarwa masu tsanani, kamar kamuwa da cuta ko hydrocephalus, sabili da haka yana da mahimmanci a je dakin gaggawa da wuri-wuri.