Mafi yawan Cututtukan da ba su yaduwa

Wadatacce

• Menene cututtukan da ba a yaduwa ba?
• Cutar zuciya da jijiyoyin jini
• Ciwon daji
• Cututtuka na numfashi na kullum
• Ciwon suga
• Mafi yawan cututtukan da ba a yaduwa ba
• Layin kasa

Menene cuta mara yaduwa?

Cutar da ba ta yaduwa ba cuta ce ta rashin lafiya da ba ta yaduwa daga mutum zuwa mutum. Shima yana dadewa. Wannan kuma ana kiranta azaman cuta mai tsanani.

Haɗuwa da ƙwayoyin halitta, ilimin lissafi, salon rayuwa, da abubuwan da ke haifar da muhalli na iya haifar da waɗannan cututtukan. Wasu dalilai masu haɗari sun haɗa da:

• abinci mara kyau
• rashin motsa jiki
• shan taba sigari da hayaki
• yawan shan giya

Cututtuka marasa yaduwa suna kashewa kusan kowace shekara. Wannan ya kusan kashi 70 cikin 100 na duk mace-mace a duniya.

Cututtuka marasa yaduwa suna shafar mutane na kowane rukuni, addinai, da ƙasashe.

Cututtuka marasa yaduwa galibi suna haɗuwa da tsofaffi. Koyaya, yawan mutuwa kowace shekara daga cututtukan da ba na yaduwa ba yana faruwa tsakanin mutanen da ke tsakanin shekara 30 zuwa 69.

Fiye da waɗannan mutuwar suna faruwa a ƙasashe masu ƙasƙanci da masu matsakaicin ƙarfi da kuma cikin al'ummomin da ke fama da rauni inda ba a samun damar yin rigakafin kiwon lafiya.

Menene cututtukan da ba a yaduwa ba?

Wasu cututtukan marasa yaduwa sun fi na kowa yawa. Manyan nau'o'in cututtukan da ba su yaduwa sun hada da cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini, kansar, cututtukan da suka shafi numfashi, da ciwon suga.

Cutar zuciya da jijiyoyin jini

Rashin cin abinci mara kyau da rashin motsa jiki na iya haifar da ƙaruwa:

• hawan jini
• glucose na jini
• jinin jini
• kiba

Waɗannan yanayin suna ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini. Wasu mutane an haife su da (yanayin kaddara don samun) wasu halaye na zuciya da jijiyoyin jini.

Cututtukan zuciya da jijiyoyin jini shine babban dalilin mutuwar cututtukan da ba a yadawa. Wasu halaye da cututtukan zuciya da ba na yaduwa ba sun hada da:

• ciwon zuciya
• bugun jini
• cututtukan jijiyoyin zuciya
• cututtukan cerebrovascular
• cututtukan jijiyoyin jiki (PAD)
• cututtukan zuciya na haihuwa
• zurfin jijiyoyin jini da na huhu

Ciwon daji

Ciwon daji yana shafar mutane na kowane zamani, yanayin zamantakewar tattalin arziki, jinsi, da ƙabilu. Yana da cutar rashin yaduwar cutar a duniya.

Ba za a iya guje wa wasu cututtukan daji ba saboda haɗarin kwayar halitta. Koyaya, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta kiyasta cewa ana iya kiyaye kansar ta hanyar karɓar zaɓin rayuwa mai kyau.

Mahimman matakai don hana cutar sun haɗa da:

• guje wa taba
• iyakance barasa
• yin rigakafi game da cututtukan da ke haifar da cutar kansa

A cikin 2015, kusan, ya haifar da cutar kansa.

Cutar sankara mafi yawan mutane a duniya sun hada da:

• huhu
• hanta
• ciki
• madaidaiciya
• prostate

Cutar sankara mafi yawan mace-mace a duniya sun haɗa da:

• nono
• huhu
• madaidaiciya
• mahaifa
• ciki

Cututtuka na numfashi na kullum

Cututtukan da suka shafi numfashi na yau da kullun cututtuka ne da ke shafar hanyoyin iska da tsarin huhu. Wasu daga cikin wadannan cututtukan suna da asali.

Koyaya, wasu dalilai sun haɗa da zaɓin rayuwa kamar shan sigari da yanayin muhalli kamar haɗuwa da gurɓatar iska, ƙarancin iska, da rashin iska mai kyau.

Duk da yake wadannan cututtukan ba su da magani, ana iya sarrafa su ta hanyar magani. Mafi yawan cututtukan cututtuka na numfashi sun haɗa da:

• cututtukan huhu na huɗawa (COPD)
• asma
• cututtukan huhu na aiki, kamar baƙin huhu
• hauhawar jini
• cystic fibrosis

Ciwon suga

Ciwon sukari yana faruwa ne lokacin da jiki ba zai iya samar da isasshen insulin ba, hormone da ke daidaita sukarin jini (glucose). Hakanan yana iya faruwa yayin da jiki baya iya amfani da insulin ɗin da yake samarwa ba.

Wasu cututtukan sukari sun haɗa da cututtukan zuciya, rashin gani, da ciwon koda. Idan ba a sarrafa matakan sukarin jini ba, ciwon suga na iya lalata sauran gabobi da tsaruka cikin jiki na tsawon lokaci.

Akwai manyan nau'o'in ciwon sukari guda biyu:

• Rubuta ciwon sukari na 1 galibi ana yin binciken kansa yayin yarinta ko samartaka. Sakamakon rashin karfin garkuwar jiki ne.
• Rubuta ciwon sukari na 2 ana samun sa ne yayin manyanta daga baya. Yawanci sakamakon rashin abinci ne mara kyau, rashin aiki, kiba, da sauran salon rayuwa da abubuwan muhalli.

Sauran nau'ikan ciwon sukari sun hada da:

• ciwon ciki na ciki, wanda ke haifar da hauhawar jini a cikin kashi 3 zuwa 8 na mata masu juna biyu a Amurka
• prediabetis, yanayin da aka ayyana ta mafi girma fiye da-al'ada yawan sikarin jini wanda ke haifar da babban haɗarin kamuwa da ciwon sukari irin na 2 nan gaba

Mafi yawan cututtukan da ba a yaduwa ba

Wasu cututtukan marasa yaduwa wadanda ke damun mutane a duniya sun hada da:

1. Alzheimer ta cuta
2. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) (wanda kuma ake kira cutar Lou Gehrig)
3. amosanin gabbai
4. rashin kulawar cututtukan hankali (ADHD)
5. rashin lafiyar bakan (ASD)
6. Shanyayyen Bell
7. cututtukan bipolar
8. lahani na haihuwa
9. cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwa
10. cutar koda mai tsanani
11. ciwo na kullum
12. kullum pancreatitis
13. cututtukan ƙwaƙwalwar ƙwaƙwalwa na yau da kullum (CTE)
14. daskarewa / zubar jini
15. rashin jin juna biyu
16. Cooley's anemia (wanda ake kira beta thalassaemia)
17. Cutar Crohn
18. damuwa
19. Ciwon rashin lafiya
20. eczema
21. farfadiya
22. cututtukan barasa na tayi
23. fibromyalgia
24. m X ciwo (FXS)
25. hemochromatosis
26. hemophilia
27. cututtukan hanji (IBD)
28. rashin bacci
29. jaundice a cikin sababbin jarirai
30. cutar koda
31. gubar dalma
32. cutar hanta
33. murdede dystrophy (MD)
34. myalgic encephalomyelitis / na kullum gajiya ciwo (ME / CFS)
35. myelomeningocele (wani nau'in spina bifida)
36. kiba
37. farko thrombocythemia
38. psoriasis
39. rikicewar kamawa
40. cutar sikila
41. matsalar bacci
42. damuwa
43. tsarin lupus erythematosus (wanda ake kira lupus)
44. tsarin sclerosis (wanda ake kira scleroderma)
45. rashin daidaituwa na zamani (TMJ)
46. Ciwon Tourette (TS)
47. rauni na ƙwaƙwalwa (TBI)
48. ulcerative colitis
49. rashin gani
50. von Willebrand cuta (VWD)

Layin kasa

Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya ta gano cututtukan da ba su yaduwa ba a matsayin babban abin da ke damun lafiyar jama'a kuma shine babban abin da ke haifar da yawan mace-mace a duniya.

Yawancin haɗarin cututtukan da ba a yaduwa ba abu ne da za a kiyaye su. Wadannan abubuwan haɗarin sun haɗa da:

• rashin motsa jiki
• shan taba
• amfani da barasa
• rashin cin abinci mara lafiya (mai ƙanshi, mai sarrafawa, da sodium, tare da ɗan cin ofa fruitsan itace da kayan marmari)

Wasu sharuɗɗa, da ake kira abubuwan haɗarin rayuwa, na iya haifar da cututtukan rayuwa. Ciwon ƙwayar cuta yana da nasaba da cututtukan zuciya da ciwon sukari. Waɗannan sharuɗɗan sun haɗa da:

• hauhawar jini: 130/85 milimita na mercury (mm Hg) ko mafi girma ga ko dai lamba ko duka biyun
• HDL (“kyakkyawan cholesterol”): kasa da milligram 40 a kowace deciliter (mg / dL) a cikin maza; ƙasa da 50 mg / dL a cikin mata
• triglycerides: na 150 mg / dL ko mafi girma
• azumi matakan glucose: 100 mg / dL ko mafi girma
• Girman kugu: fiye da inci 35 a cikin mata; sama da inci 40 a cikin maza

Mutumin da ke da waɗannan abubuwan haɗarin ya kamata ya magance su ta hanyar magani da gyare-gyaren rayuwa don rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar da ba za a iya kamuwa da ita ba.

Abubuwan haɗarin da mutum ba zai iya canzawa ba sun haɗa da shekaru, jinsi, launin fata, da tarihin iyali.

Duk da yake cututtukan da ba su yaduwa ba yanayi ne na dogon lokaci wanda sau da yawa na iya rage tsawon rayuwar mutum, ana iya gudanar da su ta hanyar jiyya da sauye-sauyen rayuwa.

Idan an gano ku da cutar da ba za a iya yaduwa ba, yana da mahimmanci ku tsaya ga shirin maganinku don tabbatar da kasancewa cikin koshin lafiya yadda ya kamata.