Menene kamuwa da cuta a asibiti, iri kuma yaya ake sarrafa shi?

Wadatacce

• Mafi yawan cututtuka
• 1. Ciwon huhu
• 2. Ciwon fitsari
• 3. Ciwon fata
• 4. Ciwon jini
• Wanene yafi yawan hadari

Kamuwa da cutar ta asibiti, ko Cutar da ke da nasaba da Kiwon Lafiya (HAI) an bayyana ta a matsayin duk wata cuta da aka samu yayin da aka shigar da mutum asibiti, kuma har yanzu yana iya bayyana yayin kwanciya asibiti, ko bayan fitowar sa, in dai yana da alaƙa da asibiti ko hanyoyin da aka yi a asibiti.

Samun kamuwa da cuta a asibiti ba sabon abu bane, domin wannan muhalli ne inda mutane da yawa basu da lafiya kuma ana musu maganin rigakafi. Yayin lokacin a asibiti, wasu daga cikin manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da cutar sune:

• Rashin daidaituwar ƙwayoyin cuta na ƙwayoyin cuta fata da jiki, yawanci saboda amfani da kwayoyin cuta;
• Faduwar kare garkuwar jiki na mutumin da aka kwantar a asibiti, duka don cutar da kuma amfani da magunguna;
• Gudanar da hanyoyin abubuwa masu cutarwa kamar shigar catheter, saka catheter, biopsies, endoscopies ko tiyata, misali, wanda ke karya katangar kariya ta fata.

Gabaɗaya, ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke haifar da kamuwa da asibiti ba sa haifar da cututtuka a cikin wasu yanayi, yayin da suke amfani da yanayin tare da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta marasa cutarwa da digo cikin juriyar mai haƙuri don daidaitawa. Duk da wannan, kwayoyin cuta na asibiti sukan kamu da cutuka masu tsanani wadanda suke da wahalar magani, tunda sun fi jure maganin rigakafin cuta, don haka a gaba daya, ya zama dole ayi amfani da kwayoyin masu karfi don warkar da wannan nau'in kamuwa da cutar.

Mafi yawan cututtuka

Cututtukan da aka samu a asibiti na iya haifar da bayyanar alamu da alamomin da suka bambanta dangane da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da ke da alhakin kamuwa da cutar da kuma hanyar shiga cikin jiki. Mafi yawan cututtuka a cikin yanayin asibiti sune:

1. Ciwon huhu

Ciwon huhu da aka samu a asibiti yawanci mai tsanani ne kuma ya fi faruwa ga mutanen da ke kwance, ba su sani ba ko kuma waɗanda ke wahalar haɗiye, saboda haɗarin burin abinci ko yawunsu. Bugu da kari, mutanen da suke amfani da kayan aikin numfashi suna iya kamuwa da cututtukan asibiti.

Wasu daga cikin sanannun kwayoyin cuta a wannan nau'in ciwon huhu suneKlebsiella ciwon huhu, Enterobacter sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Legionella sp., ban da wasu nau'ikan ƙwayoyin cuta da fungi.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Manyan cututtukan da ke tattare da ciwon huhu na asibiti sune ciwo a kirji, tari tare da rawaya ko zubar jini, zazzabi, kasala, rashin cin abinci da kuma karancin numfashi.

2. Ciwon fitsari

Ana amfani da kamuwa da cutar yoyon fitsari a asibiti ta hanyar yin amfani da bincike yayin zaman asibitin, kodayake kowa na iya bunkasa ta. Wasu daga cikin kwayoyin cuta da suka fi shiga cikin wannan halin sun haɗa da Escherichia coli, Proteus sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella sp., Enterobacter sp., Enterococcus faecalis da fungi, kamar Candida sp.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Ana iya gano cututtukan fitsari ta hanyar ciwo ko ƙonawa yayin yin fitsari, ciwon ciki, kasancewar jini cikin fitsari da zazzabi.

3. Ciwon fata

Cututtukan fata suna da yawa saboda aikace-aikacen allura da samun damar jini zuwa magunguna ko samfuran gwaji, tiyata ko tabo na biopsy ko samuwar wuraren kwanciya. Wasu daga cikin kananan kwayoyin cuta wadanda suke dauke da irin wannan cutar suneStaphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus, Klebsiella sp., Proteus sp., Enterobacter sp, Serratia sp., Streptococcus sp. kuma Staphylococcus cututtukan fata, misali.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Game da kamuwa da cutar fata, za a iya samun wani yanki na ja da kumburi a yankin, tare da kasancewar bazuwar kumburi. Gabaɗaya, rukunin yanar gizon yana da zafi da zafi, kuma akwai yiwuwar samar da purulent da ƙamshin sirri.

4. Ciwon jini

Cutar kamuwa da jini ana kiranta septicemia kuma yawanci yana faruwa ne bayan kamuwa da wani sashin jiki, wanda ke yaduwa ta hanyoyin jini. Irin wannan kamuwa da cuta mai tsanani ne, kuma idan ba a yi saurin magance shi ba da sauri zai iya haifar da gazawar sassan jiki da barazanar mutuwa. Duk wani karamin kwayar cuta daga cututtuka na iya yaduwa ta cikin jini, kuma wasu sanannun sune E. coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus cututtukan fata ko Candida, misali.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka: Manyan alamomin da suka shafi kamuwa da cuta a cikin jini sune zazzabi, sanyi, saukar da matsa lamba, raunin zuciya, bacci. Koyi yadda ake gane cutar a jininka.

Hakanan akwai wasu nau'ikan nau'ikan cututtukan cututtukan da ba na yau da kullun ba, waɗanda ke shafar yankuna daban-daban na jiki, kamar ramin baka, hanyar narkewa, al'aura, idanu ko kunnuwa, misali. Duk wani ciwon asibiti dole ne a gano shi da sauri kuma a yi amfani da shi tare da maganin rigakafin da ya dace, don hana shi daga zama mai tsanani da jefa rayuwar mutum cikin hadari.Saboda haka, a gaban duk wata alama ko alamar wannan halin, dole ne a sanar da likita mai alhakin hakan.

Wanene yafi yawan hadari

Kowa na iya haɓaka kamuwa da cuta a asibiti, duk da haka waɗanda ke da raunin rauni na rigakafi suna cikin haɗari mafi girma, kamar su:

• Tsofaffi;
• Sabbi;
• Mutanen da ke fama da raunin rigakafi, saboda cututtuka irin su kanjamau, dasa bayan mutum ko amfani da magungunan rigakafi;
• Rashin kulawa da ciwon sukari mara kyau;
• Mutanen da suke kwance ko kuma canjin halinsu, saboda suna da haɗarin buri;
• Cututtuka na jijiyoyin jini, tare da raunin wurare, saboda yana hana iskar oxygen da warkar da nama;
• Marasa lafiya da ke buƙatar yin amfani da na'urori masu haɗari, kamar su yin fitsari, shigar da jijiyoyin jini, amfani da iska ta na'urorin;
• Yin aikin tiyata.

Bugu da kari, tsawon lokacin da asibitin ya yi, mafi girman hadarin kamuwa da cutar a asibiti, saboda akwai yiwuwar samun damar haduwa da kasada da kananan kwayoyin cuta.