Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: Abin da yake, Dalilai da Jiyya

Wadatacce

• Dalilin PTT
• Babban alamu da alamomi
• Yadda ake ganewar asali
• PTT Jiyya

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, ko PTT, cuta ce mai saurin lalacewa amma mai saurin mutuwa wanda ke tattare da samuwar ƙaramin thrombi a cikin jijiyoyin jini kuma ya fi yawa ga mutane tsakanin shekaru 20 zuwa 40.

A cikin PTT akwai ƙarancin raguwa a cikin yawan platelets, ban da zazzaɓi kuma, a mafi yawan lokuta, nakasa jijiyoyin jiki saboda sauyawar zuban jini zuwa kwakwalwa saboda ciwan jini.

Sanarwar cutar ta PTT ana yin ta ne daga likitan jini ko kuma babban likita bisa ga alamun cutar da kuma sakamakon cikakken ƙidayar jini da shafa jini kuma dole ne a fara maganin ba da daɗewa ba, saboda cutar tana mutuwa cikin kusan kashi 95% idan ba a magance ta ba.

Dalilin PTT

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura galibi ana haifar da rashi ko canjin kwayar halittar enzyme, ADAMTS 13, wanda ke da alhakin sanya ƙwayoyin halittar von Willebrand ƙananan, kuma suna fifita aikin su. Halin na von Willebrand ya kasance a cikin platelets kuma yana da alhakin inganta mannewar platelet zuwa endothelium, ragewa da dakatar da zubar jini.

Don haka, idan babu ADAMTS 13 enzyme, kwayar halittar von Willebrand ta kasance babba kuma tsarin rashin tsayayyar jini ya lalace kuma akwai damar samun daskarewa.

Don haka, PTT na iya samun sababi na gado, wanda ya dace da rashi ADAMTS 13, ko aka samu, waɗanda sune ke haifar da raguwar adadin platelet, kamar yin amfani da rigakafin rigakafin rigakafi ko magani na chemotherapeutic ko magungunan antiplatelet, cututtuka, ƙarancin abinci mai gina jiki ko cututtukan autoimmune, misali.

Babban alamu da alamomi

PTT yawanci yana nuna alamun bayyanar marasa mahimmanci, duk da haka yana da kyau ga marasa lafiya da ake tsammanin PTT su sami aƙalla 3 na halaye masu zuwa:

1. Alamar thrombocythemia;
2. Hemolytic anemia, tunda thrombi ya kafa yana faɗakar da aikin laushin jinin ja;
3. Zazzaɓi;
4. Thrombosis, wanda zai iya faruwa a gabobin jiki da yawa;
5. Ciwon ciki mai tsanani saboda ischemia na hanji;
6. Rashin koda;
7. Rashin nakasar jijiyoyi, wanda ana iya fahimtarsa ​​ta ciwon kai, rikicewar tunani, bacci har ma da suma.

Hakanan abu ne na gama gari ga marasa lafiya masu dauke da cutar PTT suna da alamun alamun thrombocytopenia, kamar bayyanar launin shuɗi ko launin ja a fatar, zubar da gumis ko ta hanci, ban da mawuyacin iko cikin zub da jini daga ƙananan raunuka. San wasu alamun cututtukan thrombocytopenia.

Ciwon mara na koda da na jijiyoyin jiki sune manyan matsalolin PTT kuma suna tasowa lokacin da ƙaramin thrombi ya toshe hanyar jini zuwa koda da ƙwaƙwalwa, wanda zai iya haifar da gazawar koda da bugun jini, misali. Don kauce wa rikice-rikice, yana da mahimmanci da zarar alamun farko suka bayyana, ana tuntuɓar babban likita ko likitan jini don a fara bincike da magani.

Yadda ake ganewar asali

An gano ganewar asali game da cututtukan da suka shafi jini bisa ga alamun da mutum ya gabatar, ban da sakamakon kidayar jini, wanda a ciki ana lura da raguwar adadin platelet, da ake kira thrombocytopenia, ban da lura da aka yi a cikin tarawar platelet na jini, wanda shine lokacin da platelets ke makale wuri daya, ban da schizocytes, wadanda gutsuttsurar jan jinin jini ne, saboda jajayen kwayoyin jini suna wucewa ta jijiyoyin jini wadanda kanana ke rufe su.

Sauran gwaje-gwajen kuma ana iya yin oda don taimakawa ganewar asali na PTT, kamar lokacin zubar jini, wanda aka ƙaru, da rashi ko ragi na enzyme ADAMTS 13, wanda shine ɗayan abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta.

PTT Jiyya

Dole ne a fara magani don tsarkakakkun cututtukan thrombotic thenbocytopenic da wuri-wuri, domin yana da mutuƙar a mafi yawan lokuta, tunda ƙirar trombi da aka kirkira na iya toshe jijiyoyin da ke isa kwakwalwa, ta rage gudan jini zuwa wannan yankin.

Maganin da likitan jinni ke nunawa kullum shi ne plasmapheresis, wanda yake shi ne aikin tace jini wanda yawan kwayoyi wadanda zasu iya haifar da wannan cuta da kuma yawan abin da ake kira von Willebrand, ban da kulawa na tallafi, kamar su hemodialysis, misali. , idan akwai nakasar koda. Fahimci yadda ake yin plasmapheresis.

Bugu da ƙari, yin amfani da corticosteroids da ƙwayoyin rigakafi, alal misali, likita na iya ba da shawarar, don yaƙi da dalilin PTT da guje wa matsaloli.