Mawallafi: Florence Bailey
Ranar Halitta: 28 Maris 2021
Sabuntawa: 18 Nuwamba 2024
Anonim
I DO NOT HAPPEN IN COOKING THIS DISH, EAT IMMEDIATELY! Trebuha / Tripe in the Pompeian oven.
Video: I DO NOT HAPPEN IN COOKING THIS DISH, EAT IMMEDIATELY! Trebuha / Tripe in the Pompeian oven.

Wadatacce

Tambayi kadan daga cikin masu ra'ayin kiwon lafiya game da abinci mai gina jiki, kuma tabbas zasu iya yarda duka akan abu ɗaya: Kayan lambu da 'ya'yan itatuwa suna fitowa a saman. Amma tambaya game da jan nama, kuma wataƙila za ku sami tsararrun martani. Don haka jan nama shine mafi munin abin da za ku iya ci ko kuma ginshiƙin ingantaccen abinci? (A cikin labarai masu alaƙa, muna da Jagorar ku don Gina Mafi Burger.)

'Yan abinci kaɗan ne suka haifar da cece -kuce a cikin jama'ar kiwon lafiya kamar jan nama kwanan nan. A cikin watan Oktoba na 2015, Hukumar Lafiya ta Duniya (WHO) ta ware jan nama a matsayin "mai yiwuwa cutar kanjamau," inda ta ambaci jan nama da aka sarrafa a matsayin mafi munin laifi-a cikin rukunin da sigari. Kuma bayan wani bincike na 2012 ya danganta jan nama tare da haɗarin mutuwa, kanun labaran kafofin watsa labaru sun nuna rashin lafiyar abinci. Adadin labarai sun karanta: "Dukan naman ja yana da haɗari," "Son ku rayu tsawon rai? Riƙe naman ja," "Dalibai 10 don dakatar da cin nama ja."


An yi hasashen cewa, an samu koma baya, yayin da wani tallafi na amfanin naman sa ya bayyana a tsakanin masu cin nama ("Jan nama: Yana da kyau ga jiki!" Wani kanun labarai ya kare), kuma har yanzu Amurkawa sun ki barin burgers da naman alade na yau da kullun. Yayin da cin naman ja a zahiri yana raguwa daga ganiyarsa a shekarun 1970, matsakaicin babba har yanzu yana cin fam 71.2 na jan nama a kowace shekara-daga cikin mafi girman matakan cin nama a duniya.

To a ina hakan ya bar mu? Shin ya kamata mu bar jan nama gaba ɗaya, ko zai iya zama wani ɓangare na abinci mai ƙoshin lafiya? Wani bayanin kula don tunawa: Muna magana ne game da jan nama daga yanayin lafiya kawai-ba halin kirki ko muhalli ba. (Yawancin ƙari akan waɗannan abubuwan da ke kewaye da gidan yanar gizo.)

Kamar kowane abinci, yanke shawara ko cin jan nama zaɓi ne na mutum ɗaya kuma ya dogara da wasu dalilai da yawa. "Abinci irin su jan nama na iya shafar mutane ta hanyoyi daban-daban, yin aiki da kyau ga wasu kuma ba haka ba ne ga wasu," in ji Frank Lipman, MD, likitan haɗin gwiwa da aikin likita, wanda ya kafa Cibiyar Lafiya ta Eleven Eleven, kuma marubucin littafin. Dalilai 10 Da Ke Sa Ka Ji Tsofaffi Ka Yi Kiba. "Ni babban mai ba da shawara ne na sauraron jikin ku don sanin abin da ya fi dacewa da shi."


Da aka ce, kimiyya ta yi la'akari da tasiri mai kyau da mara kyau na jan nama a cikin abincin ku. Anan ne yadda binciken ya tattara.

Amfanin Kiwan Naman Sa

Bincike ya nuna cewa naman sa yana ba da wasu muhimman abubuwan gina jiki ga abincin manya na Amurka. Na farko, yana samar da furotin mai yawa, macronutrients wanda ke taimakawa wajen gina tsoka, ci gaba da cika ku, da daidaita tsarin metabolism. A 3.5-ounce softloin ƙunshi 30 grams na gina jiki ga 215 kalori.

Red nama kuma shine tushen wasu abubuwan gina jiki da yawa, gami da bitamin B, baƙin ƙarfe, da zinc. Ana buƙatar Vitamin B12 don ingantaccen aikin kusan kowane tsarin jikin ku yayin da ƙarfe mai ƙarfafawa yana ba da iskar oxygen zuwa jini kuma yana taimakawa metabolism. (Bugu da ƙari, mata, musamman na shekarun haihuwa, sun fi saurin kamuwa da ƙarancin ƙarfe. Gwada waɗannan girke-girke na ƙarfe ga mata masu aiki.) Hakanan jan nama shine tushen sinadarin zinc, wanda ke da alaƙa da tsarin garkuwar jiki mai ƙarfi kuma yana taimakawa yaƙi rashin lafiya.

Idan ka zaɓi naman sa mai ciyawa a kan ciyar da hatsi (kamar yadda ya kamata-ƙari akan wannan daga baya), za ku kuma sami ƙarin abubuwa masu kyau, ciki har da omega-3 fatty acids na zuciya, conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), wanda zai iya taimakawa rage karfin jini da inganta asarar nauyi, da kuma karancin sinadarin omega-6 fatty acids, in ji Lipman. Hakanan zai ƙunsar ƙasa da kitse fiye da noman masana'anta, naman sa da ake ciyar da hatsi (yana samar da kusan adadin daidai da nono maras fata marar fata). Kuma manta da ra'ayin cewa duk kitse mara kyau ne. Wani nau'in kitse guda ɗaya da ake samu a cikin jan nama, wanda ake kira oleic acid, an nuna yana da amfani ga lafiyar ku, yana taimakawa wajen rage LDL ("mummunan") cholesterol da rage haɗarin bugun jini.


Na ƙarshe amma ba mafi ƙaranci ba: Idan kun kasance nau'in mutumin da ke son nama, yana da ɗanɗano mai daɗi. (Duba: 6 Sabon Burger Twists ƙarƙashin 500 Calories.)

Illolin Cin Nama

Alamar jan nama tare da cututtukan zuciya mai yiwuwa ya fara zuwa hankali, kuma da kyau, ba sabon-ko mara tushe ba ne. Binciken meta-bincike na 2010 da aka kammala sarrafa nama (tunanin tsiran alade, naman alade, karnuka masu zafi, ko salami) suna da alaƙa da haɓakar cututtukan cututtukan zuciya. (Irin wannan binciken bai sami wata alaƙa ba tare da yankakken jan nama-kamar sirloin, tausayawa, ko fayil.) Sauran manyan ayyukan lura sun tallafawa ƙungiyar tsakanin sarrafa naman da aka sarrafa da cututtukan zuciya da haɗarin mutuwa.

An kuma danganta shan jan nama da yawan kamuwa da cutar sankara, musamman ciwon sankara (colon) da maza, ta hanyar bincike da dama. Yayin da alakar da ke tsakanin kansar nono da jan nama har yanzu ba ta da tushe, wani bincike ya gano cewa cin jan nama na iya haifar da babbar barazanar cutar kansar nono a tsakanin matan da suka yi haihuwa kafin haihuwa.

Binciken da ke kan gaba na muhawarar “naman mara kyau mara kyau” kwanan nan shine binciken lura na 2012 wanda ya kalli mutane sama da 120,000 tsawon shekaru 22 zuwa 28. Masu bincike sun gano cewa mutanen da suke shan jan nama akai-akai suna iya mutuwa daga dukkan dalilai, musamman cututtukan zuciya da ciwon daji. (Wannan binciken ya haifar da kanun labarai "nama-zai kashe ku" da aka ambata a sama.)

Yayin da masu bincike suka gano cewa haɗarin mutuwa ya karu ga naman da aka sarrafa da naman da ba a sarrafa su ba, naman da aka sarrafa yana da iyaka tare da karuwar kashi 20 cikin dari. Marubutan binciken sun kuma kammala da cewa cin abinci a wasu, "mafi koshin lafiya" tushen furotin (kamar kifi, kaji, kwayoyi, hatsi, kiwo, ko hatsi gaba ɗaya) zai rage haɗarin mutuwa tsakanin kashi bakwai zuwa 14 cikin ɗari. Don haka, kaji da kifi don cin nasara, daidai ne?

Mazauna

Ba lallai ba ne. Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa mafi yawan waɗannan dogon zango, manyan karatu abubuwan sa ido ne, ba nazarin da aka sarrafa su ba (ma'aunin gwal a binciken kimiyya). Yawancin marubutan abinci masu gina jiki sun tantance bayanan binciken kuma sun haskaka kasawarsa, gami da cewa nazarin lura na iya ba da shawarar daidaitawa, amma ba sanadin ba, tsakanin jan nama da mace -mace. (Watau, tun da mutane ba sa rayuwa a cikin kumfa, wasu dalilai na iya shiga cikin wasa waɗanda suka ba da gudummawa ga sakamakon lafiyar mahalarta, irin su zaman rayuwa, yanayin rashin lafiya, shan taba, littattafan abinci marasa rahoto da ƙari).

Bugu da ƙari, taƙaitaccen binciken 35 na 2011 bai sami isasshen shaida don tallafawa haɗin kai tsakanin jan nama da ciwon daji na hanji ba, yana ambaton salon rayuwa mai canzawa da abubuwan abinci da ke cikin nazarin yawan jama'a.

Bugu da kari, an sake duba gabaɗayan tattaunawar game da kitsen da aka yi kwanan nan kuma an sake duba shi. Ba shi da “mai” maƙiyin mutuwa na lafiya, kamar yadda yake a da. Eh, jan nama yana ƙunshe da kitse mai kitse, wanda ba daidai yake cike da fa'idodin kiwon lafiya ba. (Taushin 3.5-ounce yana ba da gram 3.8 na kayan tare da jimlar kilo 9.6.) Amma bayan cikakken kitse ya kasance aljani na kusan rabin ƙarni, bincike ya nuna cewa ba su da lahani kamar yadda muke tsammani: A 2010 meta-bincike ya nuna cewa babu isassun shaida don kammala cewa cikakken mai yana da alaƙa da cututtukan zuciya ko cututtukan zuciya.

Duk da haka, an tabbatar da cikakken kitse don haɓaka LDL, ko "mara kyau," cholesterol da sauran al'amurran kiwon lafiya, wanda shine dalilin da ya sa jagororin abinci na USDA ke ba da shawarar iyakance kitsen mai zuwa ƙasa da kashi 10 na abincin ku na yau da kullum. (Idan kuna cin adadin kuzari 2,000 kowace rana, wannan yana nufin iyaka akan cikakken mai shine gram 20 ko ƙasa da haka.)

A ƙarshe, menene ainihin ma'amalar da hukumar ta WHO ta yi cewa cutar sankara ce? Kodayake nama da aka sarrafa-tare da sigari-an rarrabe shi azaman mai cutar kansa na rukunin 1, ba yana nufin cin abinci yana ɗaukar haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa kamar shan sigari ba. Cin gram 50 na naman da aka sarrafa kowace rana yana haifar da haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa da kashi 18, dangane da haɗarin ku na farko, yayin da shan sigari yana ƙara haɗarin ku da kusan kashi 2,500 - ba daidai tuffa ga apples ba.

Layin Ƙasa akan Naman sa: Shirin Wasan ku

Ga Lipman, illolin kiwon lafiya masu cutarwa ba su da yawa game da naman da kansa, amma abin da ake yi wa nama. "Mafi yawan gonakin masana'antu suna ba da sinadarin hormones don girma da sauri, da kuma maganin rigakafi don hana shanun yin rashin lafiya a yanayin rashin tsabta," in ji shi.

Idan kuka zaɓi haɗa nama a cikin abincinku, Lipman ya ba da shawarar zaɓar jan nama mai ciyawa. Idan ba a ce "ciyawar ciyawa ba," za ku iya ɗauka cewa an ciyar da hatsi ne. (Kuna iya siyayya don cin naman ciyawa akan layi akan shafuka kamar EatWild.com.) Game da tsiran alade, naman alade, da sauran nama da aka sarrafa? Ka ce sayonara, Lipman ya ba da shawara. "Naman da aka sarrafa ba wani abu bane da nake ba da shawara."

A ƙarshe, abin da kuke ci gaba ɗaya ya rage a gare ku. Marion Nestle, Ph.D., farfesa na abinci mai gina jiki, nazarin abinci, da lafiyar jama'a a Jami'ar New York ya bayyana "lafiyar mu yana shafar sauran salon rayuwa, ɗabi'a, da abubuwan kwayoyin halitta ban da abinci." Idan ya zo ga jan nama, babu shakka kaɗan ya fi kyau amma wasu suna da kyau: "Komai cikin matsakaici," in ji ta.

Ana neman ƙarin takamaiman shawarwari? Abin takaici, hukumomin gwamnati kamar USDA suna guje wa ƙayyadaddun iyaka akan jan nama (watakila saboda masu cin zarafi daga masana'antar naman sa da shanu, Nestle ya nuna). Mike Roussell, PhD dabara. Hakikanin batun: Tabbatar da sauran zaɓin cin abincin ku yana tallafawa cin jan nama, in ji Roussell, kamar yadda zaku yi idan kuna cin kifi ko kaji.

Don haka, kamar yadda yake tare da mafi yawan abubuwan da ke cikin abinci mai gina jiki, babu ƙaƙƙarfan ƙa'ida da sauri akan nawa ya yi yawa. "Saboda jikin kowa ya bambanta, yana da wahala a ba da takamaiman lambar sabis," in ji Lipman. "Maimakon haka, zan ba da shawarar gwada kanku don sanin abin da ya fi dacewa ga jikin ku." Ga wasu, wannan yana iya zama sau biyu a mako; ga wasu, sau ɗaya a wata-ko wataƙila babu ko kaɗan.

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