Menene cututtukan Down, haddasawa da halaye

Wadatacce

• Abubuwan da ke haifar da Ciwo
• Babban fasali
• Yadda ake ganewar asali
• Jiyya na rashin ciwo
• Yadda za a guji

Down syndrome, ko trisomy 21, cuta ce ta kwayar halitta da ta haifar da maye gurbi a cikin 21 chromosome wanda ke sa mai ɗaukar ba shi da biyu, amma uku na chromosomes, sabili da haka a cikin duka ba shi da 46 chromosomes, amma 47.

Wannan canjin chromosome din 21 yana haifar da haihuwar yaro tare da wasu halaye na musamman, kamar dasa dasa kunnuwa, idanuwa suka ja sama da kuma babban harshe, misali. Kamar yadda ciwon sikari ya samo asali ne daga canjin kwayar halitta, ba shi da magani, kuma babu takamaiman magani game da shi. Koyaya, wasu jiyya kamar su Physiotherapy, motsawar psychomotor da Maganin Magana suna da mahimmanci don motsawa da taimakawa ci gaban yaro tare da trisomy 21.

Abubuwan da ke haifar da Ciwo

Ciwo na Down yana faruwa ne sakamakon maye gurbi na kwayoyin halitta wanda ke haifar da ƙarin kwafin ɓangaren ɓangaren chromosome na 21. Faruwar wannan maye gurbi ba gado ba ne, ma'ana, ba ya ratsawa daga uba zuwa ɗa kuma kamanninta na iya kasancewa yana da alaƙa da shekarun iyaye, amma yawanci daga uwa, tare da mafi haɗari ga matan da suka ɗauki ciki sama da shekaru 35.

Babban fasali

Wasu daga cikin halayen marasa lafiyar Down syndrome sun haɗa da:

• Shigar da kunnuwa ƙasa da na al'ada;
• Harshe babba da nauyi;
• Idon idanu, ya ja sama;
• Jinkiri a cikin ci gaban mota;
• Raunin jijiyoyi;
• Kasancewar layin 1 ne kawai a tafin hannu;
• Mentalaramin hankali ko matsakaici;
• Girman jiki.

Yaran da ke fama da ciwo ba koyaushe suna da waɗannan halayen duka ba, kuma ƙila za a sami nauyi da yawa da jinkirta haɓaka harshe. San wasu halaye na mai cutar Down Syndrome.

Hakanan yana iya faruwa cewa wasu yara suna da ɗayan waɗannan halayen kawai, ba tare da la'akari da waɗannan lamuran ba, cewa sune masu ɗauke da cutar.

Yadda ake ganewar asali

Ganewar wannan ciwo yawanci ana yin sa ne yayin ciki, ta hanyar yin wasu gwaje-gwaje kamar su duban dan tayi, fassarar nuchal, cordocentesis da amniocentesis, misali.

Bayan haihuwa, ana iya tabbatar da ganewar cutar ta hanyar yin gwajin jini, inda ake yin gwajin don gano kasancewar ƙarin chromosome. Fahimci yadda ake gane cutar Down Syndrome.

Baya ga cutar ta Down's syndrome, akwai kuma ciwon na Down tare da mosaic, wanda a ciki ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin yaron ne abin ya shafa, saboda haka akwai cakuda ƙwayayen al'ada da ƙwayoyin halitta tare da maye gurbi a cikin jikin yaron.

Jiyya na rashin ciwo

Fisiotherapy, motsin zuciyar mutum da motsawar magana suna da mahimmanci don sauƙaƙa magana da ciyar da marasa lafiya na Down Syndrome saboda suna taimakawa wajen haɓaka ci gaban yaro da ƙimar rayuwarsa.

Dole ne a kula da jarirai masu wannan ciwo tun daga haihuwarsu da kuma tsawon rayuwarsu, don a iya kimanta matsayin lafiyar su a kai a kai, saboda galibi akwai cututtukan zuciya da ke da alaƙa da cutar. Bugu da kari, yana da mahimmanci a tabbatar da cewa yaron ya sami kyakkyawar hadewar jama'a da karatu a makarantu na musamman, kodayake yana yiwuwa su halarci makarantar talakawa.

Mutanen da ke fama da ciwo suna da haɗarin kamuwa da wasu cututtuka kamar:

• Matsalar zuciya;
• Canjin numfashi;
• Barcin barci;
• Ciwon cututtukan thyroid.

Bugu da kari, dole ne yaro ya kasance yana da wata irin nakasa ta ilmantarwa, amma ba koyaushe yake da larurar hankali ba kuma zai iya bunkasa, iya karatu har ma da aiki, yana da ran rayuwa sama da shekaru 40, amma galibi suna dogaro ne da kulawa da buƙatar kulawa ta likitan zuciyar da likitan ilimin likitancin cikin rayuwa.

Yadda za a guji

Down syndrome cuta ce ta kwayar halitta don haka ba za a iya guje masa ba, duk da haka, yin ciki kafin shekara 35, na iya zama ɗaya daga cikin hanyoyin rage haɗarin haihuwar jariri da wannan cutar. Boys tare da Down syndrome ba su da lafiya kuma saboda haka ba za su iya samun yara ba, amma 'yan mata na iya yin ciki na al'ada kuma suna iya samun yara masu cutar Down syndrome.