Nunawar Kansar Fata

Wadatacce

• Menene binciken kansar fata?
• Me ake amfani da shi?
• Me yasa nake bukatar binciken kansar fata?
• Menene ya faru yayin binciken kansar fata?
• Shin zan bukaci yin komai don shirya wa gwajin?
• Shin akwai haɗari ga gwajin?
• Menene sakamakon yake nufi?
• Shin akwai wani abin da nake bukatar sani game da binciken kansar fata?
• Bayani

Menene binciken kansar fata?

Binciken kansar fata shine gwajin gani na fata wanda za ku iya yi da kanku ko mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya. Nunin yana duba fata don alloli, alamomin haihuwa, ko wasu alamomi waɗanda ba a saba da su ba a launi, girma, siffa, ko yanayin rubutu. Wasu alamomi na ban mamaki na iya zama alamun kansar fata.

Ciwon kansa shine mafi yawan cututtukan daji a Amurka. Nau'ikan cututtukan daji na fata sune ƙananan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta. Wadannan cututtukan daji ba safai suke yada su zuwa wasu sassan jiki ba kuma galibi ana iya warkarwa da magani. Nau'i na uku na cutar kansa shine ake kira melanoma. Melanoma ba shi da yawa fiye da sauran biyun, amma ya fi haɗari saboda yana iya yaduwa. Yawancin cututtukan daji na fata suna faruwa ne ta hanyar melanoma.

Binciken kansar fata na iya taimakawa gano ciwon daji a matakan farko lokacin da ya fi sauƙi magani.

Sauran sunaye: gwajin fata

Me ake amfani da shi?

Ana amfani da gwajin kansar fata don neman alamun kansar fata. Ba'a amfani dashi don tantance cutar kansa. Idan ana tsammanin cutar kansa bayan bincike, za a buƙaci gwajin da ake kira biopsy don gano ko kuna da cutar kansa.

Me yasa nake bukatar binciken kansar fata?

Kuna iya buƙatar bincika kansar fata idan kuna da wasu abubuwan haɗari. Hanyoyin haɗari ga cutar kansa ta fata sun haɗa da ciwon:

• Sautin fata mai haske
• Blond ko ja gashi
• Idanu masu haske (shuɗi ko shuɗi)
• Fata mai konewa da / ko freckles a sauƙaƙe
• Tarihin kunar rana a jiki
• Iyali da / ko tarihin mutum na cutar kansa
• Yawaitar rana zuwa rana ta hanyar aiki ko ayyukan hutu
• Adadi mai yawa na al'aura

Yi magana da mai ba da lafiyar ku game da ko ya kamata ku duba kanku akai-akai, a duba ku a ofishin mai bayarwa, ko ku yi duka biyun.

Idan kana bincika kanka, zaka iya buƙatar likita ta likita ta duba ka idan ka sami alamun kansar fata yayin gwajin kanka. Alamomi sun bambanta dangane da nau'in kansar fata, amma suna iya haɗawa da:

• Canji a cikin tawadar data kasance ko tabo
• Mole ko wata alama ta fata da ke daskarewa, zubar jini, ko zama mai laushi
• Mole mai raɗaɗi ga taɓawa
• Ciwon da ba ya warkewa a cikin makonni biyu
• Haske mai launin ruwan hoda, ja, fararen lu'u-lu'u, ko karo mai haske
• Mole ko ciwo tare da kan iyakoki marasa daidaituwa, wannan na iya zubar da jini cikin sauƙi

Idan kana yin binciken kanka, ka tabbata ka bincika alamun melanoma, mafi tsananin nau'in cutar kansa. Hanya mai sauƙi don tuna alamun melanoma shine tunani akan "ABCDE," wanda yake tsaye don:

• Matsakaici: Kwayar halittar tana da siffar mara kyau, wanda rabin ta bai dace da rabin ba.
• Iyaka: Iyakar kwayar halittar ta zama ragged ko mara tsari.
• Launi: Launin tawadar bai daidaita ba.
• Diamita: Kwayar halittar ta fi girman girman fis ko goge fensir.
• Yana gudana: Kwayar halittar ta canza a girma, siffa, ko launi.

Idan ka sami alamun melanoma, yi magana da mai baka kiwon lafiya da wuri-wuri.

Menene ya faru yayin binciken kansar fata?

Nunawar kansar fata na iya yi da kanka, mai ba da kulawa na farko, ko likitan fata. Masanin cututtukan fata likita ne wanda ya kware a kan rikicewar fata.

Idan kana yi wa kanka gwaji, kana bukatar yin fatar kan-kafa zuwa fata. Ya kamata a yi jarabawar a cikin ɗaki mai haske a gaban madubi cikakke. Hakanan zaku buƙaci madubi na hannu don bincika wuraren da wuyar gani. Jarabawar ya kamata ya hada da matakai masu zuwa:

• Tsaya gaban madubi ka kalli fuskarka, wuyanka, da cikinka.
• Mata su duba karkashin nononsu.
• Iseaga hannunka ka kalli gefen hagu da dama.
• Dubi gaban da bayan goshinka.
• Kalli hannayen ka, gami da tsakanin yatsun ka da karkashin farcen ka.
• Dubi gaban, baya, da kuma gefen ƙafafunku.
• Zauna ka bincika ƙafafunka, duba tafin kafa da sarari tsakanin yatsun kafa. Har ila yau bincika gadajen ƙusa na kowane yatsa.
• Duba bayanku, gindi, da al'aurarku ta madubi na hannu.
• Raba gashin ku kuma bincika fatar kan ku. Yi amfani da tsefe ko na'urar busar gashi tare da madubin hannu don taimaka maka ganin mafi kyau.

Idan likitan fata ko wani mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya yana bincika ku, yana iya haɗawa da matakai masu zuwa:

• Za ku cire duk tufafinku. Amma zaka iya sa riga. Idan kun kasance mara jin daɗi da ake kwance a gaban mai ba ku, kuna iya tambayar ku don samun mai jinya a cikin ɗakin tare da ku yayin gwajin.
• Mai ba ku sabis zai ba ku jarrabawar ƙafa da ƙafa, gami da fatar kanku, ta bayan kunnuwanku, yatsunku, yatsun hannu, gindi, da al'aura. Jarabawar na iya zama abin kunya, amma yana da mahimmanci a bincika, saboda cutar kansa na fata na iya faruwa a ko'ina a kan fata.
• Mai ba da sabis naka na iya amfani da gilashin ƙara girman haske tare da haske don kallon wasu alamu.

Jarabawar ya kamata ya ɗauki minti 10-15.

Shin zan bukaci yin komai don shirya wa gwajin?

Kada ku sa kayan shafa ko ƙusa ƙusa. Tabbatar da sanya gashin ku kwance, don haka mai ba da sabis na iya bincika fatar kan ku. Babu wasu shirye-shirye na musamman da ake buƙata.

Shin akwai haɗari ga gwajin?

Babu haɗari ga yin binciken kansar fata.

Menene sakamakon yake nufi?

Idan wata alama ko wata alama akan fatarka kamar alama ce ta kansar, mai yiwuwa mai bada naka yayi oda wani gwajin, wanda ake kira biopsy na fata, don yin gwaji. Kwayar halittar fata wata hanya ce da ke cire ƙaramin samfurin fata don gwaji. Ana duba samfurin fatar a ƙarƙashin madubin likita don bincika ƙwayoyin kansa. Idan an gano ku da cutar kansar fata, zaku iya fara jiyya. Neman tare da magance cutar daji da wuri na iya taimakawa hana yaduwar cutar.

Shin akwai wani abin da nake bukatar sani game da binciken kansar fata?

Bayyanawa ga haskoki na ultraviolet (UV) wanda yake fitowa daga rana yana taka rawa wajen haifar da cutar kansa ta fata. Ana haskaka ku da waɗannan haskoki a duk lokacin da kuke cikin rana, ba kawai lokacin da kuke bakin ruwa ko wurin wanka ba. Amma zaka iya iyakance fitowar rana kuma ka taimaka ka rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa idan ka ɗauki simplean matakan kiyayewa yayin fitowar rana. Wadannan sun hada da:

• Amfani da hasken rana tare da ƙimar kariya ta rana (SPF) aƙalla 30
• Neman inuwa idan zai yiwu
• Sanye da hula da tabarau

Sunbathing yana ƙara haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa. Ya kamata ku guji yin kwalliya a waje kuma kada ku taɓa amfani da salon gyaran tanning na cikin gida. Babu wani adadi mai hadari da zai sauka ga gadajen tanning na wucin gadi, hasken rana, ko wasu na'urorin tanning na wucin gadi.

Idan kana da tambayoyi game da rage haɗarin kamuwa da cutar kansa, yi magana da mai ba ka kiwon lafiya.

Bayani

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2. Canungiyar Ciwon Cancer ta Amurka [Intanet]. Atlanta: Cibiyar Cancer ta Amurka Inc ;; c2018. Ta Yaya Zan Kare Kaina Daga Hutun UV? [sabunta 2017 Mayu 22; wanda aka ambata 2018 Oct 16]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/skin-cancer/prevention-and-early-detection/uv-protection.html
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6. Cancer.net [Intanet]. Alexandria (VA): Societyungiyar (asar Amirka ta Clinical Oncology; c2005–2018. Ciwon Skin (Ba-Melanoma): Abubuwan Haɗari da Rigakafin; 2018 Jan [wanda aka ambata 2018 Nuwamba 2]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/skin-cancer-non-melanoma/risk-factors-and-prevention
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8. Cibiyoyin Kula da Rigakafin Cututtuka [Intanet]. Atlanta: Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Menene Dalilin Rashin Haɗari don Ciwon Skin? [sabunta 2018 Jun 26; wanda aka ambata 2018 Oct 16]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/skin/basic_info/risk_factors.htm
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10. Mayo Clinic [Intanet]. Gidauniyar Mayo don Ilimin Likita da Bincike; c1998–2018. Melanoma: Ganewar asali da magani: Ganewar asali: Nuna kansar fata; 2016 Jan 28 [wanda aka ambata 2018 Oct 16]; [game da fuska 4]. Akwai daga: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-condition/melanoma/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20374888
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12. Shafin Kasuwancin Merck Manual [Internet]. Kenilworth (NJ): Kamfanin Merck & Co., Inc.; c2018. Bayani na Ciwon Skin Fata [wanda aka ambata 2018 Oct 16]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/skin-disorders/skin-cancers/overview-of-skin-cancer
13. Cibiyar Cancer ta Kasa [Intanet]. Bethesda (MD): Ma'aikatar Kiwon Lafiya ta Amurka da Ayyukan Dan Adam; Gwajin Ciwon Skin (PDQ®) –Bayani na Haƙuri: Babban Bayani Game da Ciwon Skin [wanda aka ambata 2018 Oct 16]; [game da fuska 3]. Akwai daga: https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-screening-pdq#section/_5
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17. Jami'ar Rochester Medical Center [Intanet]. Rochester (NY): Jami'ar Rochester Medical Center; c2018. Lafiya Encyclopedia: Nazarin Kai na Fata [wanda aka ambata 2018 Oct 16]; [game da allo 2]. Akwai daga: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=85&ContentID=P01342

Ba za a yi amfani da bayanan da ke wannan rukunin yanar gizon a madadin madadin ƙwararrun likitocin ko shawara ba. Tuntuɓi mai ba da kiwon lafiya idan kuna da tambayoyi game da lafiyarku.