Mene ne keɓaɓɓiyar Hypothyroidism?

Wadatacce

• Me ke kawo haka?
• Wanene ke cikin haɗari?
• Alamun gama gari
• Yadda ake tantance shi
• Yadda ake magani
• Shin akwai rikitarwa?
• Ciwon zuciya
• Rashin ciki
• Mafi kyawun abincin da za a bi
• Menene hangen nesa?

Othyananan hypothyroidism shine farkon, mai sauƙi na hypothyroidism, yanayin da jiki baya samar da isasshen hormones na thyroid.

An kira shi subclinical saboda kawai ƙwayar magani na hormone mai motsa jiki daga gaban gland shine yake ɗan sama da al'ada. Hormone na thyroid wanda glandar thyroid ke samarwa har yanzu suna cikin kewayon al'ada na dakin gwaje-gwaje.

Wadannan homonin suna taimakawa tallafawa zuciya, kwakwalwa, da ayyukan rayuwa. Lokacin da hormones na thyroid basa aiki da kyau, wannan yana shafar jiki.

Dangane da binciken da aka buga, mutane suna da hypothyroidism mai rikitarwa. Wannan yanayin na iya ci gaba zuwa cikakken hypothyroidism.

A cikin binciken daya, daga waɗanda ke da hypothyroidism mai ɓarke ​​ya ɓullo da cutar hypothyroidism a cikin shekaru 6 na farkon ganewar asali.

Me ke kawo haka?

Glandon da ake kira pituitary gland, wanda yake a gindin kwakwalwa, yana ba da homon da yawa, gami da wani abu da ake kira da hormone mai motsa jiki (TSH).

TSH yana haifar da maganin karoid, glandan mai siffar malam buɗe ido a gaban wuya, don yin homonin T3 da T4. Othyananan hypothyroidism yana faruwa lokacin da matakan TSH suka ɗan daukaka amma T3 da T4 suna al'ada.

Othyananan cututtukan hypothyroidism da cikakken hypothyroidism suna raba dalilai guda ɗaya. Wadannan sun hada da:

• tarihin iyali na cututtukan thyroid, kamar Hashimoto's thyroiditis (yanayin autoimmune wanda ke cutar da ƙwayoyin thyroid)
• rauni ga thyroid (alal misali, cire wasu cututtukan thyroid wanda aka cire yayin aikin tiyata na kai da wuya)
• yin amfani da maganin iodine na rediyoaktif, magani don hyperthyroidism (yanayin lokacin da ake samar da hormone mai yawa)
• shan magungunan da ke dauke da lithium ko iodine

Wanene ke cikin haɗari?

Abubuwa da yawa, galibinsu waɗanda ba sa iko da ku, suna ƙaruwa da damar haɓaka ƙarancin hypothyroidism. Wadannan sun hada da:

• Jinsi. Wani binciken da aka buga a mujallar ya nuna cewa mata sun fi saurin kamuwa da cutar hypothyroidism fiye da maza. Dalilan ba su bayyana karara ba, amma masu bincike na zargin kwayar halittar estrogen na iya taka rawa.
• Shekaru. TSH yakan tashi ne yayin da kuka tsufa, yana haifar da ƙarancin hypothyroidism a cikin tsofaffi.
• Abincin Iodine. Tsarin hypothyroidism na yau da kullun ya zama mafi yawan jama'a a cikin yawan mutanen da ke cinye isasshen iodine ko ƙari, ma'adinan ma'adinai masu mahimmanci don aikin aikin thyroid. Zai iya taimakawa wajen saba da alamomi da alamomin rashi na iodine.

Alamun gama gari

Othyananan hypothyroidism mafi yawan lokuta ba shi da alamun bayyanar. Wannan gaskiyane yayin da matakan TSH ke ɗauke da ƙarfi kawai. Lokacin da bayyanar cututtuka ta tashi, duk da haka, suna iya zama marasa ma'ana da gama gari kuma sun haɗa da:

• damuwa
• maƙarƙashiya
• gajiya
• goiter (wannan yana bayyana kamar kumburi a gaban wuya saboda kara girman glandar sa)
• riba mai nauyi
• asarar gashi
• rashin haƙuri ga sanyi

Yana da mahimmanci a lura cewa waɗannan alamun ba su da mahimmanci, ma'ana za su iya kasancewa a cikin mutane tare da aikin aikin ka na yau da kullun kuma ba su da alaƙa da hypothyroidism mai ruɗi.

Yadda ake tantance shi

Ana bincikar cutar hypothyroidism tare da gwajin jini.

Mutumin da ke aiki na yau da kullun ya kamata ya sami karatun TSH na jini a cikin kewayon abin da aka saba, wanda yawanci yakan tashi zuwa sassan milliyoyin 4.5 na lita ɗaya (mIU / L) ko.

Koyaya, akwai muhawara da ake gudanarwa a cikin ƙungiyar likitocin game da rage mafi ƙarancin ƙofa.

Mutanen da ke da matakin TSH sama da kewayon al'ada, waɗanda ke da matakan hormone na glandar na yau da kullun, ana ɗaukarsu suna da hypothyroidism.

Saboda yawan TSH a cikin jini na iya canzawa, gwajin na iya buƙatar sake maimaitawa bayan fewan watanni kaɗan don ganin matakin TSH ya daidaita.

Yadda ake magani

Akwai muhawara da yawa game da yadda - har ma idan - don magance waɗanda ke da ƙananan hypothyroidism. Wannan gaskiya ne idan matakan TSH sun ƙasa da 10 mIU / L.

Saboda matakin TSH mafi girma na iya fara haifar da mummunan sakamako akan jiki, ana kula da mutane masu matakin TSH sama da 10 mIU / L gaba ɗaya.

A cewar, shaidu galibi basu cika gamsuwa cewa waɗanda suke da matakan TSH tsakanin 5.1 da 10 mIU / L zasu amfana da magani.

Lokacin yanke shawara ko a bi da ku ko a'a, likitanku zaiyi la'akari da abubuwa kamar:

• matakinku na TSH
• ko kuna da kwayoyin cutar antithyroid a cikin jininku da mai goiter (dukansu alamu ne na cewa yanayin na iya ci gaba zuwa hypothyroidism)
• alamominka da kuma yadda suke shafar rayuwarka
• shekarunka
• tarihin lafiyar ku

Lokacin da ake amfani da magani, levothyroxine (Levoxyl, Synthroid), wani maganin hawan kawan roba wanda aka sha da baki, ana bada shawara akai-akai kuma ana jure shi da kyau.

Shin akwai rikitarwa?

Ciwon zuciya

Har yanzu ana tattaunawa akan alaƙar tsakanin hypothyroidism da cututtukan zuciya. Wasu nazarin suna ba da shawarar cewa matakan TSH masu girma, lokacin da ba a kula da su ba, na iya taimakawa wajen haɓaka waɗannan masu zuwa:

• hawan jini
• babban cholesterol

A cikin duban tsofaffi maza da mata, waɗanda ke da matakin TSH na jini na 7 mIU / L zuwa sama sun kasance cikin haɗari biyu ko fiye don samun ciwon zuciya mai raɗaɗi idan aka kwatanta da waɗanda suke da matakin TSH na yau da kullun. Amma wasu sauran karatun basu tabbatar da wannan binciken ba.

Rashin ciki

Yayin ciki, ana ɗaukar matakin TSH mai ɗaukaka yayin da ya wuce 2.5 mIU / L a farkon farkon watanni uku da 3.0 mIU / L a na biyu da na uku. Matakan hormone masu dacewa dole ne don ƙwaƙwalwar tayi da ci gaban tsarin.

Binciken da aka buga a ciki ya gano cewa mata masu juna biyu wadanda suke da matakin TSH tsakanin 4.1 da 10 mIU / L wadanda daga baya aka ba su maganin ba za su iya zubar da ciki ba kamar takwarorinsu da ba a ba su magani ba.

Abin sha'awa, kodayake, matan da suke da matakin TSH tsakanin 2.5 da 4 mIU / L ba su ga raguwar haɗarin asarar ciki tsakanin waɗanda aka kula da waɗanda ba a magance su ba idan suna da ƙwayoyin cuta na thyroid.

Kimantawa game da matsayin ƙwayoyin cuta na antithyroid yana da mahimmanci.

Dangane da binciken na 2014, matan da ke dauke da cututtukan hypothyroidism da kwayoyi masu kyau na antithyroid peroxidase (TPO) suna da haɗarin haɗarin sakamakon mummunan ciki, kuma sakamakon mummunan yana faruwa a matakin TSH mafi ƙaranci fiye da mata ba tare da TPO ba.

Binciken na yau da kullun na 2017 ya gano cewa haɗarin rikicewar ciki ya bayyana a cikin matan TPO-tabbatacce tare da matakin TSH mafi girma fiye da 2.5 mU / L. Wannan haɗarin bai kasance mai bayyana ba a cikin matan TPO-korau har sai matakin TSH ɗinsu ya wuce 5 zuwa 10 mU / L.

Mafi kyawun abincin da za a bi

Babu wata kyakkyawar shaidar kimiyya da ke nuna cewa cin abinci ko rashin cin wasu abinci tabbas zai taimaka wajan magance hypothyroidism mai ƙyama ko magance shi idan an riga an gano ku. Yana da mahimmanci, duk da haka, don samun mafi kyawun iodine a cikin abincinku.

Arancin iodine kadan na iya haifar da hypothyroidism. A gefe guda, yawanci na iya haifar da hypothyroidism ko hyperthyroidism. Kyakkyawan tushen iodine sun hada da gishirin teburin iodi, kifin gishiri, kayayyakin kiwo, da kwai.

Cibiyoyin Kiwon Lafiya na recommasa suna ba da shawarar microgram 150 a kowace rana don yawancin manya da matasa. Teaspoonaramin cokali ɗaya na rubu'in gishiri mai iodi ko kofi 1 na madarar yogurt mara mai mai na samar da kusan kashi 50 cikin ɗari na bukatun iodine na yau da kullun.

Gabaɗaya, mafi kyawun abin da zaka iya yi don aikin maganin ka shine cin abinci mai daidaituwa, abinci mai gina jiki.

Menene hangen nesa?

Saboda karatun rikice-rikice, har yanzu akwai muhawara mai yawa game da yadda kuma idan ya kamata a kula da hypothyroidism mai ruɗi. Hanya mafi kyau ita ce ɗayan ɗayan.

Yi magana da likitanka game da kowane alamun, tarihin lafiyarka, da kuma abin da gwajin jininka ya nuna. Wannan jagorar tattaunawa mai amfani zata iya taimaka muku farawa. Yi nazarin zaɓinku kuma yanke shawara kan mafi kyawun aiki tare.