Superbacteria: menene su, menene su kuma yaya maganin su

Wadatacce

• Babban superbugs
• Babban bayyanar cututtuka
• Yadda ake yin maganin
• Yadda ake amfani da maganin rigakafi daidai

Superbacteria kwayoyin cuta ne waɗanda ke samun juriya ga magungunan rigakafi daban-daban saboda rashin amfani da waɗannan magungunan, kuma ana kiran su da ƙwayoyin cuta masu ɗimbin yawa. Amfani mara kyau ko yawan amfani da maganin rigakafi na iya faɗar bayyanar maye gurbi da hanyoyin juriya da daidaitawar waɗannan ƙwayoyin cuta akan maganin rigakafi, yana mai sa magani wahala.

Superbacteria sun fi yawaita a cikin asibitocin, musamman dakunan tiyata da Sashin Kulawa mai karfi (ICU), saboda rashin karfin garkuwar jikin marasa lafiyar. Baya ga rashin amfani da kwayoyin cuta na rigakafi da tsarin garkuwar jiki na marasa lafiya, bayyanar superbugs yana da nasaba da hanyoyin da ake gudanarwa a cikin asibiti da kuma al'adun tsabtace hannu, misali.

Babban superbugs

Ana samun ƙwayoyin cuta masu saurin jurewa da yawa a asibitoci, musamman a cikin ICUs da kuma gidajen kallo. Wannan bambancin yana faruwa ne musamman saboda rashin dacewar amfani da maganin rigakafi, ko dai katse maganin da likita ya ba da shawara ko amfani da shi lokacin da ba a nuna shi ba, wanda ke haifar da manyan zuka, manyan sune:

• Staphylococcus aureus, wanda yake da tsayayya ga methicillin kuma ana kiransa MRSA. Learnara koyo game da Staphylococcus aureus da kuma yadda ake gano cutar;
• Klebsiella ciwon huhu, kuma aka sani da Klebsiella mai samar da carbapenemase, ko KPC, waɗanda kwayoyi ne da zasu iya haifar da enzyme wanda zai iya hana aikin wasu magungunan rigakafi. Duba yadda ake ganowa da magance kamuwa da cutar KPC;
• Acinetobacter baumannii, wanda za'a iya samun sa a cikin ruwa, ƙasa da yanayin asibiti, tare da wasu nau'ikan da ke jure wa aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones da beta-lactams;
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa, wanda aka ɗauka a matsayin ƙwararrun ƙwayoyin cuta waɗanda ke haifar da kamuwa da cuta galibi a cikin ICUs a cikin marasa lafiya da keɓaɓɓun tsarin garkuwar jiki;
• Enterococcus faecium, wanda yawanci ke haifar da cututtukan fitsari da hanji ga mutanen da ke kwance a asibiti;
• Proteus sp., wanda yafi alaƙa da cututtukan urinary a cikin ICUs kuma waɗanda suka sami juriya ga yawancin maganin rigakafi;
• Neisseria gonorrhoeae, wanda shine kwayar da ke da alhakin gonorrhea kuma wasu ƙwayoyin cuta an riga an gano su a matsayin masu jurewa da yawa, suna nuna babban juriya ga Azithromycin, sabili da haka, cutar da waɗannan nau'ikan suka haifar ana kiranta da supergonorrhea.

Bayan wadannan, akwai wasu kwayoyin cuta wadanda suka fara kirkirar hanyoyin kariya daga kwayoyin cuta wadanda akasari ana amfani dasu don magance cututtukan su, kamar Salmonella sp., Shigella sp.,Haemophilus mura kuma Campylobacter spp. Sabili da haka, maganin ya zama mai rikitarwa, tunda yana da wahala a yaƙi waɗannan ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma cutar ta fi tsanani.

Babban bayyanar cututtuka

Abin da ke faruwa na superbug baya haifar da alamomi, tare da alamun alamun kamuwa da cutar kawai ake lura da su, waɗanda suka bambanta dangane da nau'in ƙwayoyin cutar da ke da alhakin cutar. Yawancin lokaci ana ganin kasancewar superbugs lokacin da maganin da likitan ya nuna ba ya da tasiri, tare da ci gaban bayyanar cututtuka, misali.

Don haka, yana da mahimmanci a sake yin sabon gwajin kwayar halittu da sabon kwayar cutar don tabbatar ko kwayoyin sun samu juriya kuma, don haka, kafa sabon magani. Duba yadda ake yin maganin rigakafi.

Yadda ake yin maganin

Jiyya kan manyan kwayoyin cuta ya banbanta gwargwadon nau'in juriya da ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma a wasu lokuta ana ba da shawarar cewa a yi magani a asibiti tare da alluran haɗuwa da magungunan rigakafi kai tsaye cikin jijiya don yaƙi da ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma hana bayyanar sabbin cututtuka.

Yayin jinya ya kamata a kebe mara lafiya kuma ya kamata a taƙaita ziyara, yana da mahimmanci a yi amfani da sutura, masks da safar hannu don guje wa gurɓatawa daga wasu mutane. A wasu lokuta, haɗuwa da fiye da ƙwayoyin rigakafi 2 na iya zama dole don superbug don sarrafawa da kawar da ita. Kodayake maganin yana da wahala, yana yiwuwa a iya magance ƙwayoyin cuta gabaɗaya.

Yadda ake amfani da maganin rigakafi daidai

Don yin amfani da maganin rigakafi daidai, guje wa ci gaban superbugs, yana da mahimmanci a sha maganin rigakafi kawai lokacin da likita ya ba su umarni, bin kashi da lokacin amfani da jagororin amfani, koda kuwa alamun sun ɓace kafin ƙarshen magani.

Wannan kulawa shine ɗayan mafi mahimmanci saboda lokacin da alamomin suka fara lafawa, mutane sun daina shan maganin rigakafin kuma hakan yasa kwayoyin ke samun ƙarin juriya ga magungunan, suna saka kowa cikin haɗari.

Wani mahimmin taka tsantsan shine kawai siyan maganin rigakafi tare da takardar sayan magani kuma idan ka warke, dauki sauran magungunan da aka bari zuwa shagon magani, kar a jefa fakitin cikin kwandon shara, bayan gida, ko kuma wurin dafa abinci domin kaucewa gurbatar yanayi, wanda kuma yake sa kwayoyin cuta su zama masu juriya da wahalar fada. Ga yadda za a guji juriya na kwayoyin.