M-Cigaba na Farko (PPMS): Ciwon Cutar Ciwon Hankali da Ciwon Gano

Wadatacce

• Ta yaya PPMS ya bambanta da sauran nau'ikan MS?
• Menene ke haifar da PPMS?
• Menene alamun PPMS?
• Sparfin tsoka
• Gajiya
• Raguwa / kunci
• Matsaloli tare da hangen nesa
• Batutuwa tare da fahimta
• Dizziness
• Matsalar mafitsara da ta hanji
• Bacin rai
• Ta yaya ake gane cutar PPMS?
• Zaɓuɓɓukan magani
• Outlook

Menene PPMS?

Magungunan sclerosis (MS) shine mafi yawan cututtuka na tsarin kulawa na tsakiya. Hakan na faruwa ne ta hanyar martani na rigakafi wanda ke lalata ƙyallen myelin, ko sutura akan jijiyoyi.

Matsalar cutar sikandire ta farko (PPMS) ɗayan nau'ikan MS huɗu ne. Sauran nau'ikan MS guda uku sune:

• cututtukan cututtuka na asibiti (CIS)
• sake dawowa (RRMS)
• ci gaba na biyu (SPMS)

PPMS yana ɗaya daga cikin ƙananan nau'ikan na yau da kullun, yana tasiri kusan kashi 10 na duk mutanen da aka bincikar su da MS.

Ta yaya PPMS ya bambanta da sauran nau'ikan MS?

Yawancin mutanen da ke fama da cutar ta MS suna da mummunan hari tare da alamomi, waɗanda ake kira sake komowa, da lokutan watanni ko shekaru da ba su da alamun bayyanar, ana kiran remissions.

PPMS ya bambanta. Cutar na ci gaba da zarar alamun sun fara bayyana, saboda haka sunan farko mai ci gaba. Zai iya zama lokaci na ci gaba mai aiki sannan lokuta marasa ci gaba na rashin bayyanar cututtuka da nakasa.

Bambanci ɗaya tsakanin PPMS da siffofin sake dawowa shine yayin yayin ci gaba mai aiki na iya tsayawa na ɗan lokaci, alamun ba sa warwarewa. A cikin siffofin sake dawowa, alamun cutar na iya inganta ko komawa kusa da inda suke kafin sake dawowa kwanan nan.

Wani bambanci shi ne cewa babu yawan kumburi a cikin PPMS idan aka kwatanta da siffofin sake dawowa. Saboda wannan, yawancin magungunan da ke aiki don sake dawowa siffofin ba sa aiki don PPMS ko SPMS. Ci gaban bayyanar cututtuka na iya kara tsanantawa cikin aan watanni ko shekaru da yawa.

PPMS galibi ana bincikar mutane a cikin shekarunsu na 40 zuwa 50. RRMS, a gefe guda, yawanci ana gabatar dashi a cikin mutane daga shekarun 20 zuwa 30. PPMS kuma yana shafar mata da maza daidai wa daida, yayin da RRMS ke shafar sau biyu zuwa uku na mata da yawa na maza.

Menene ke haifar da PPMS?

PPMS yana faruwa ne sakamakon jinkirin lalacewar jijiya wanda ke dakatar da jijiyoyi daga aika sigina zuwa ga juna. Dukkanin nau'ikan MS guda huɗu sun haɗa da lalata larurar kariya (myelin) na tsarin juyayi na tsakiya, wanda ake kira demyelination, kazalika da lalata jijiyar.

Menene alamun PPMS?

Alamun PPMS suna kama da alamun SPMS. Tabbas, abin da wani mutum ya fuskanta zai bambanta da wani.

Kwayar cutar PPMS na iya haɗawa da masu zuwa:

Sparfin tsoka

Ci gaba da takunkumi na wasu tsokoki na iya haifar da tauri da ƙarfi, wanda na iya shafar motsi. Wannan na iya sanya shi wahalar tafiya, amfani da matakala, da tasirin tasirin aikin ku gaba ɗaya.

Gajiya

Kimanin kashi 80 cikin 100 na waɗanda ke da cutar PPMS suna fuskantar gajiya. Wannan na iya shafar rayuwar yau da kullun da wahala don aiki da kammala ayyukan yau da kullun. Wadanda aka gano tare da PPMS na iya samun kansu cikin gajiya sosai daga ayyuka masu sauƙi. Misali, aikin dafa abincin dare zai iya gajiyar da su kuma ya buƙaci su ɗan huta.

Raguwa / kunci

Wata alama ta farko na PPMS ita ce taushewa ko ƙwanƙwasawa a cikin sassan jiki daban-daban, kamar fuskarka, hannuwanku, da ƙafafunku. Wannan zai iya zama iyakantacce zuwa wani yanki na jikinka, ko tafiya zuwa wasu sassan.

Matsaloli tare da hangen nesa

Wannan na iya haɗawa da hangen nesa biyu, hangen nesa, rashin iya gano launuka da bambancin ra'ayi, da zafi yayin motsa idanunku.

Batutuwa tare da fahimta

Duk da yake PPMS yawanci yakan shafi motsi, wasu mutane na iya fuskantar raunin fahimta. Wannan na iya lalata ambaton bayanai da sarrafa su, magance matsaloli, maida hankali, da koyon sabon abu.

Dizziness

Waɗanda ke tare da PPMS na iya samun lokutan dizziness da lightheadedness. Wasu na iya fuskantar tsaurarawa, wani abin jin daɗi cewa suna juyawa kuma sun rasa daidaituwa.

Matsalar mafitsara da ta hanji

Matsalar mafitsara da ta hanji na iya zama daga rashin nutsuwa, zuwa bukatar ci gaba, zuwa maƙarƙashiya. Wannan na iya haifar da matsalolin jima'i, kamar raguwar motsawar jima'i, wahalar ci gaba da farji, da rashin jin daɗi a al'aura.

Bacin rai

Kusan rabin duk mutanen da ke tare da MS za su fuskanci aƙalla kashi ɗaya na baƙin ciki. Kodayake abu ne na yau da kullun don damuwa ko yin fushi game da ƙaruwa mai rauni, waɗannan sauye-sauyen yanayi yawanci sukan tafi tare da lokaci. Rashin ciki na asibiti, a gefe guda, baya raguwa kuma yana buƙatar magani.

Ta yaya ake gane cutar PPMS?

PPMS yana da alamun kamanni da wasu nau'ikan na MS, da kuma sauran rikice-rikicen tsarin. A sakamakon haka, yana iya ɗaukar tsawon shekaru uku don samun tabbacin PPMS da aka tabbatar fiye da ganewar RRMS.

Don samun tabbataccen ganewar asali na PPMS, dole ne:

• suna da shekara guda na ci gaba da lalacewar aikin neurologic
• hadu da biyu daga cikin sharuɗɗa masu zuwa:
  • raunin kwakwalwa gama gari ga MS
  • raunuka biyu ko sama da haka a cikin lakar kashin ka
  • kasancewar sunadaran da ake kira immunoglobulins

Likitanku zai iya yin gwajin tarihin likita kuma ya tambaye ku game da duk wani abin da ya faru a baya. Suna iya neman membobin dangi su kasance, domin suna iya ba da tasu gudummawar tare da alamun da suka gabata. Kila likitanku zai iya yin gwajin jiki sosai, musamman duba jijiyoyi da tsokoki.

Kwararka zai yi odar binciken MRI don bincika raunin da ke cikin kwakwalwa da laka. Hakanan zasu iya yin odar gwajin ƙira (EP) don bincika aikin lantarki a cikin kwakwalwa. Aƙarshe, likitanka zaiyi aikin taɓawa don neman alamun MS a cikin ruwan kashin baya.

Zaɓuɓɓukan magani

Babu magani ga PPMS. Medicationaya daga cikin magunguna, ocrelizumab (Ocrevus), an yarda dasu don PPMS harma da sake bayyanar da nau'ikan MS. Immunosuppressants ana amfani dasu a cikin siffofin sake dawowa, duk da haka, saboda sun rage kumburi. PPMS ba shi da kumburi mai yawa, saboda haka ba za a iya ba da shawarar rigakafi masu amfani a matsayin masu amfani ba. Bincike kan magunguna masu inganci yana gudana.

Outlook

Duk da yake babu magani ga PPMS, waɗanda suka kamu da cutar PPMS kada su fid da rai. Tare da taimakon likitoci, kwararrun likitocin motsa jiki, masana ilimin magana, da kwararru kan lafiyar kwakwalwa, akwai hanyoyin magance cutar. Waɗannan na iya haɗawa da magunguna waɗanda ke taimakawa sauƙaƙe alamomin, kamar su masu narkar da ƙwayar tsoka don ɓarkewar jijiya, da kuma cin abinci mai ƙoshin lafiya, motsa jiki, da kuma tsarin bacci mai kyau.