Menene Teratoma?

Wadatacce

• Bayani
• Nau'o'in teratomas
• Kwayar cutar teratoma
• Sacrococcygeal (tailbone) teratoma
• Teratoma na Ovaria
• Teratoma na gwaji
• Teratoma yana haifar
• Maganar tagwaye
• Teratomas da ciwon daji
• Sacrococcygeal (tailbone) teratoma
• Teratoma na Ovaria
• Teratoma na gwaji
• Gano cutar teratomas
• Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT)
• Teratoma na Ovaria
• Teratoma na gwaji
• Jiyya na Teratoma
• Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT)
• Teratoma na Ovaria
• Teratoma na gwaji
• A zama na gaba

Bayani

Teratoma wani nau'in ƙwayar cuta ne wanda ba safai ba wanda ke iya ƙunsar cikakkun kayan aiki da gabobi, gami da gashi, haƙori, tsoka, da ƙashi. Teratomas sunfi kowa a cikin kashin baya, da ƙwai, da kuma kwayaye, amma na iya faruwa a wani wuri a cikin jiki.

Teratomas na iya bayyana cikin jarirai, yara, ko manya. Sun fi yawa a cikin mata. Teratomas yawanci basu da lafiya a jarirai, amma har yanzu ana iya cire tiyata.

Nau'o'in teratomas

Teratomas gabaɗaya ana bayyana su da girma ko kuma basu balaga ba.

• Balagagge teratomas yawanci marasa lafiya ne (ba mai cutar kansa ba). Amma suna iya girma bayan an cire su ta hanyar tiyata.
• Ratanƙanin teratomas zai iya zama wata mummunar cutar kansa.

Balagagge teratomas an kara rarraba su azaman:

• cystic: an saka shi a cikin jakarta mai dauke da ruwa
• m: an yi shi da nama, amma ba a rufe kansa ba
• gauraye: yana ƙunshe da ɓangarori masu kauri da maɗauri

Balagaggun cystic teratomas ana kiransu dermoid cysts.

Kwayar cutar teratoma

Teratomas bazai da alamun bayyanar a farko. Lokacin da alamomin ci gaba, zasu iya zama ya bambanta dangane da inda teratoma yake. Wuraren da aka fi sani da teratomas sune kashin baya (coccyx), ovaries, da kuma golaye.

Alamomi da alamomin yau da kullun ga yawancin teratomas sun haɗa da:

• zafi
• kumburi da zubar jini
• ƙananan matakan alpha-feroprotein (AFP), alama don ciwace-ciwace
• matsakaiciyar matakan haɓakar beta-ɗan adam chorionic gonadotropin (BhCG)

Anan akwai wasu alamun bayyanar da ke takamaiman nau'in teratoma:

Sacrococcygeal (tailbone) teratoma

A sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) shine wanda ke bunkasa a cikin coccyx ko tailbone. Wannan shine mafi yawan ƙwayar cuta da aka samo a cikin jarirai da yara, amma har yanzu ba safai ba ne gaba ɗaya. Yana faruwa a kusan 1 a cikin kowane jarirai 35,000 zuwa 40,000.

Wadannan teratoma na iya girma a waje ko cikin jiki a yankin kashin kashin baya. Baya ga tarin da ake gani, alamun cutar sun haɗa da:

• maƙarƙashiya
• ciwon ciki
• fitsari mai zafi
• kumburi a cikin yankin mashaya
• rauni a kafa

Ana samunsu sau da yawa a cikin girlsan mata ƙanana fiye da yara maza. A cikin binciken 2015 na marasa lafiya da aka kula da SCTs a asibitin Thailand daga 1998 zuwa 2012, mace zuwa namiji ya kasance.

Teratoma na Ovaria

Alamar cutar teratoma na ovarian shine tsananin ciwo a ƙashin ƙugu ko ciki. Wannan ya fito ne daga matsin lamba akan kwayayen (towarwar ovarian) wanda ya karu ta hanyar girma.

Wasu lokuta teratoma na ovarian na iya kasancewa tare da wani yanayi mai ƙarancin yanayi da aka sani da cutar NMDA encephalitis. Wannan na iya haifar da tsananin ciwon kai da alamun tabin hankali da suka hada da rudani da hauka.

Teratoma na gwaji

Babbar alamar cutar teratoma shine dunkule ko kumburi a cikin kwayar halittar. Amma yana iya nuna babu alamun bayyanar.

Teratoma na gwaji yana da yawa tsakanin shekaru 20 zuwa 30, kodayake yana iya faruwa a kowane zamani.

Teratoma yana haifar

Teratomas yana faruwa ne daga rikitarwa cikin tsarin ci gaban jiki, wanda ya ƙunshi hanyar da ƙwayoyinku suka banbanta da ƙwarewa.

Teratomas suna tashi a cikin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin jikinku, waɗanda ake samarwa da wuri a ci gaban tayin.

Wasu daga cikin wadannan kwayoyin cutar kwayar cutar sun zama kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar halittar kwayar. Amma ana iya samun ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta a wasu wurare a cikin jiki, musamman a yankin kashin baya da mediastinum (membrane da ke raba huhu).

Kwayoyin cuta na kwayar halitta wata irin kwayar halitta ce da ake kira pluripotent. Wannan yana nufin zasu iya banbanta cikin kowane nau'in kwayar halitta ta musamman wacce ake samu a jikinku.

Aya daga cikin ka'idar teratomas ya nuna cewa yanayin ya samo asali ne daga waɗannan ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na farko. Wannan ana kiransa ka'idar parthenogenic kuma yanzu shine ra'ayi mafi rinjaye.

Yana bayanin yadda za'a iya samun teratomas da gashi, kakin zuma, hakora, kuma har ma zasu iya bayyana azaman ɗan tayi. Yanayin teratomas kuma yayi jayayya game da asalinsu a cikin ƙwayoyin ƙwayoyin cuta na farko.

Maganar tagwaye

A cikin mutane, wani nau'in nau'in teratoma wanda ba safai ake iya gani ba, wanda ake kira tayi a fetu (tayi a cikin tayi).

Wannan teratoma na iya samun bayyanar ɗan tayi. Ya kunshi kayan rai. Amma ba tare da goyan bayan mahaifa da jakar amniotic ba, ɗan tayin da ba shi da ci gaba ba shi da damar ci gaba.

Wata ka'ida tayi bayani game da tayi a cikin tayi teratoma a matsayin ragowar tagwayen da suka kasa ci gaba a mahaifar, kuma jikin yaron da ke raye ya kewaye shi.

Ka'idar da ke adawa da juna tayi bayanin tayin da tayi a matsayin kawai wani cigaban cigaban dermoid. Amma babban ci gaba yana son tagwayen ka'idar.

Tayi cikin tayi kawai ta bunkasa ne a cikin tagwayen wadanda duka biyun:

• suna da jakar su na ruwan amniotic (diamniotic)
• raba mahaifa daya (monochorionic)

Ana gano tayin da ke cikin fetu teratoma mafi yawanci lokacin ƙuruciya. Zai iya faruwa a cikin yara na kowane jinsi. A cikin waɗannan teratomas ana samun su kafin yaron ya kai watanni 18 da haihuwa.

Mafi yawan tayi a fetu teratomas basu da tsarin kwakwalwa. Amma kashi 91 suna da kashin baya, kuma kashi 82.5 suna da kumburi.

Teratomas da ciwon daji

Ka tuna cewa teratomas ana sanya su a matsayin manya (yawanci marasa kyau) ko kuma basu balaga ba (mai yuwuwar cutar kansa). Yiwuwar kamuwa da cutar kansa ya dogara da inda ake samun teratoma a jiki.

Sacrococcygeal (tailbone) teratoma

SCTs basu balaga game da lokaci ba. Amma har ma wadanda basu da kyau na iya bukatar cirewa saboda girmansu, da yuwuwar kara bunkasa. Kodayake ba safai bane, mafi yawan lokuta ana samun sacratcoccygeal teratoma a jarirai.

Teratoma na Ovaria

Yawancin teratomas na ovarian sun balaga. Sanannen sanadin kwayar cutar teratoma kuma ana kiranta da suna dermoid cyst.

Game da balagar ƙwarjin ƙwai na ƙwayar cuta. Yawancin lokaci ana samun su a cikin mata yayin shekarun haihuwa.

M (m) ovarian teratomas suna da wuya. Galibi ana samunsu a cikin girlsan mata da youngan mata har zuwa shekaru 20.

Teratoma na gwaji

Akwai nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan teratoma na gwaji guda biyu: kafin haihuwa da kuma bayan balaga. Balaga kafin haihuwa ko teratomas na yara yawanci sun balaga kuma basuda matsala.

Balaga bayan balaga (balagaggiyar) teratomas na gwaji ne marasa kyau. Kimanin kashi biyu bisa uku na mutanen da suka kamu da cutar girma ta teratoma suna nuna ci gaba mai saurin kamuwa da cutar kansa.

Gano cutar teratomas

Ganewar asali da ganowa ya dogara da inda teratoma take.

Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT)

A wasu lokuta akan gano teratomas mai girma sacrococcygeal a cikin duban dan tayi na tayi. Sau da yawa akan same su lokacin haihuwa.

Alamar gama gari ita ce kumburi a ƙashin ƙashin ƙugu, wanda likitocin haihuwa ke nema wa jarirai.

Kwararka na iya amfani da rayukan ƙashin ƙugu, duban dan tayi, da kuma sikanin CT don taimakawa wajen gano cutar teratoma. Gwajin jini na iya taimakawa.

Teratoma na Ovaria

Balagagge na teratomas (cututtukan fata) yawanci ba su da alamun bayyanar. Ana gano su sau da yawa yayin gwajin ilimin mata na yau da kullun.

Wasu lokuta manyan cysts na dermoid suna haifar da juyawar ƙwan ƙwarji (towarcin ƙwai), wanda zai iya haifar da ciwon ciki ko na ƙugu.

Teratoma na gwaji

Ana gano teratomas na gwaji koyaushe ba zato ba tsammani yayin gwajin ƙwayoyin cuta don zafi daga rauni. Wadannan teratomas suna girma da sauri kuma maiyuwa babu alamun bayyanar a farko.

Dukansu marassa kyau da mara illa teratoma yawanci suna haifar da ciwon gwaji.

Likitanku zai bincika gwajinku don jin atrophy. Firmarfin ƙarfi na iya zama alamar mummunan aiki. Ana amfani da gwaje-gwajen jini don gwaji don haɓakar haɓakar hormones BhCG ​​da AFP. Hoto na duban dan tayi zai iya taimakawa gano ci gaban teratoma.

Don bincika idan cutar daji ta bazu zuwa wasu sassan jiki, likitanku zai nemi rawanin kirjinku da na cikinku. Hakanan ana amfani da gwajin jini don bincika alamomin ƙari.

Jiyya na Teratoma

Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT)

Idan an gano teratoma a cikin matakin tayi, likitanku zai kula da cikin ku a hankali.

Idan teratoma ya kasance ƙarami, za a shirya bayarwa na al'ada ta al'ada. Amma idan kumburin ya girma ko kuma akwai ruwa mai yawa, likitanka zai iya shirin haihuwa da wuri.

A wasu lokuta mawuyaci, ana buƙatar tiyatar tayi don cire SCT kafin ya haifar da rikitarwa na barazanar rai.

SCTs da aka gano lokacin haihuwa ko daga baya ana cire su ta hanyar tiyata. Dole ne a sanya musu ido sosai, saboda akwai sake dawowa cikin shekaru uku.

Idan teratoma yana da lahani, ana amfani da chemotherapy tare da tiyatar. Yawan rayuwa tare da ilimin kimiya na zamani.

Teratoma na Ovaria

Cutar tsufa na tsufa (cututtukan dermoid) gabaɗaya ana cire su ta hanyar tiyatar laparoscopic, idan mafitsara ƙarami ce. Wannan ya ƙunshi ƙaramin yanki a cikin ciki don saka yanki da ƙaramin kayan aiki.

Aananan haɗarin cire laparoscopic shine cewa mafitsara na iya zama huda da zubar abu mai waxwo. Wannan na iya haifar da martani mai kumburi da aka sani da peritonitis na sinadarai.

A wasu lokuta ya zama dole a cire wani bangare ko dukkan kwayayen. Yatsar al'aura da haila zasu ci gaba daga ɗayan kwan.

A cikin kashi 25 cikin 100 na al'amuran, ana samun mafitsara masu narkewa a ɗakunan biyu. Wannan yana ƙara haɗarin rasa haihuwa.

Teratomas mara ƙuruciya mace yawanci ana samunsu cikin girlsan mata har zuwa farkon 20s. Kodayake idan an gano waɗannan teratomas a matakin ci gaba, yawancin lokuta ana warkar dasu ta hanyar haɗuwa da tiyata da chemotherapy.

Teratoma na gwaji

Cutar tiyata daga cikin kwayar cutar yawanci ita ce farkon magani ga wannan teratoma lokacin da take da cutar kansa.

Chemotherapy ba shi da tasiri sosai ga teratoma gwajin. Wani lokaci akwai cakuda teratoma da sauran kwayoyin cutar kansa wanda zai buƙaci jiyyar cutar sankara.

Cire ƙwayar cuta zai iya shafar lafiyar jima'i, ƙidayar maniyyi, da haihuwa. Sau da yawa akwai magani fiye da ɗaya, don haka tattauna zaɓuɓɓuka tare da likitanku.

A zama na gaba

Teratomas suna da wuya kuma yawanci basu da matsala. Magunguna don teratomas masu cutar kansa sun inganta a cikin shekarun da suka gabata, don haka ana iya warke yawancin lokuta. Sanar da kanka kan zabin da ganin gogaggen masani shine mafi alherin tabbacin samun nasarar.