8 matsalolin thyroid na yau da kullun da yadda ake ganewa

Wadatacce

• 1. Hyperthyroidism ko kuma Hypothyroidism
• 2. Thyroiditis - Kumburin thyroid
• 3. Ciwan kansa na Hashimoto
• 4. Ciwon bayan haihuwa bayan haihuwa
• 5. Goiter
• 6. Cutar kaburbura
• 7. Hanyar nodroid
• 8. Ciwon kanjamau
• Yadda za a gano matsalolin thyroid

Thyroid wani gland ne wanda yake a gefen wuyan wuyansa, wanda ke da mahimmiyar rawa wajen taimaka wajan daidaita tsarin rayuwa da daidaituwar kwayar halitta, wanda yake da alaƙa da aikin zuciya, kwakwalwa, hanta da koda. Bugu da kari, thyroid shima yana yin tasiri game da girma, haila, haihuwa, nauyi da yanayin motsin rai.

Wadannan tasirin zasu yiwu ne saboda thyroid ya saki hormones T3 da T4 a cikin jini, yana iya yaduwa cikin jiki. Thyroid din ana sarrafa shi ne ta jikin pituitary gland, wani gland da ke cikin kwakwalwa wanda, daga baya, wani yankin kwakwalwa ne ke sarrafa shi da ake kira hypothalamus. Sabili da haka, canje-canje a kowane ɗayan waɗannan yankuna na iya haifar da matsaloli da alamomin da ke da alaƙa da thyroid.

Rashin aikin ku na thyroid zai iya faruwa saboda matsaloli da yawa, kuma kimantawar likita ne kawai zai iya bambance shi kuma ya tabbatar da su, duk da haka, ga waɗancan na kowa:

1. Hyperthyroidism ko kuma Hypothyroidism

Hypo da hyperthyroidism cututtuka ne da ke haifar da canje-canje a cikin matakan hormone wanda ɓoyayyen maganin ka ke ɓoye, kuma zai iya samun nakasa, rashin lafiyar jiki, mai kumburi ko sanadin abu na biyu ga wasu cututtukan ko kuma sakamako masu illa na jiyya, misali.

Gabaɗaya, a cikin hyperthyroidism akwai ƙaruwa cikin samar da hormones na T3 da T4 da raguwa a TSH, yayin da a cikin hypothyroidism akwai raguwar T3 da T4 tare da ƙaruwa a TSH, duk da haka, ana iya samun bambance-bambancen dangane da dalilin .

Don ƙarin koyo game da alamun da ke nuna waɗannan cututtukan, bincika alamun da ke nuna matsalolin thyroid.

2. Thyroiditis - Kumburin thyroid

Thyroiditis shine kumburi na thyroid, wanda zai iya faruwa saboda dalilai daban-daban ciki har da ƙwayoyin cuta, irin su coxsackievirus, adenovirus da ƙwayoyin cuta da ƙwayoyin cuta na kyanda, autoimmunity, ko buguwa da wasu magunguna, kamar amiodarone, misali.

Thyroiditis na iya bayyana kansa a cikin mummunan yanayi, mai rikitarwa ko mai ci gaba, kuma alamomin sun fara ne daga asymptomatic har ma da ƙarin alamun bayyanar da ke haifar da ciwon thyroid, wahalar haɗiye, zazzabi ko sanyi, alal misali, dangane da dalilin. Fahimci yadda thyroiditis ke faruwa da kuma manyan dalilan sa.

3. Ciwan kansa na Hashimoto

Hashimoto's thyroiditis wani nau'i ne na cututtukan thyroid na autoimmune, wanda ke haifar da kumburi, lalacewar kwayar halitta da nakasa aikin thyroid, wanda ƙila ba zai iya fitar da isasshen ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin jini ba.

A cikin wannan cutar thyroid yawanci yana ƙaruwa cikin girman, yana haifar da goiter, kuma alamun bayyanar hypothyroidism ko canzawa tsakanin lokutan hawan jini da hypothyroidism na iya kasancewa. Cuta ce ta cikin jiki wanda ke haifar da kwayoyin cuta kamar anti-thyroperoxidase (anti-TPO), anti-thyroglobulin (anti-Tg), mai karɓar mai karɓar TSH (anti-TSHr). Duba maganin ta latsa nan.

4. Ciwon bayan haihuwa bayan haihuwa

Postitis bayan thyroiditis shine ɗayan nau'ikan cututtukan thyroiditis, wanda ke shafar mata har zuwa watanni 12 bayan haihuwar jariri, yana da yawa a cikin mata masu ciwon sukari na 1 ko wasu cututtukan autoimmune.

A lokacin daukar ciki, ana nuna wa mace kayan kyallen jariri, kuma don hana kin amincewa, tsarin garkuwar jiki na fuskantar canje-canje da yawa, wanda na iya kara damar samun ci gaban cututtukan ciki. Wannan canje-canjen yawanci ana nuna shi tare da alamun cututtukan hypothyroidism, amma ba koyaushe yake buƙatar magani ba saboda aikin aikin ka zai iya komawa yadda yake a cikin watanni 6 zuwa 12.

5. Goiter

Goiter shine ƙaruwa a girman girman ƙwayar ka. Zai iya haifar da dalilai da yawa, gami da rashin iodine, kumburin maganin ka saboda cututtukan da ke faruwa a cikin jiki ko samuwar nodules a cikin maganin, kuma zai iya haifar da alamomi kamar su matsewa a cikin maƙogwaro, wahalar haɗiye, kumburin fuska, tari, da kuma, a yanayi mai tsanani, har da wahalar numfashi.

Maganin sa yana da saurin canzawa bisa ga dalilin, kuma yana iya kasancewa da amfani da iodine, magunguna na hauhawar jini ko hypothyroidism ko, a cikin yanayin nodules da cysts, har ma da aikin tiyata. Learnara koyo game da menene goiter, yadda ake ganowa da magance shi.

6. Cutar kaburbura

Cututtukan Graves wani nau'i ne na hyperthyroidism sabili da sanadin autoimmune, kuma ban da alamun cutar ta hyperthyroidism, zai iya gabatar da ƙarin ƙwanƙwan ido, fitowar idanu (palpebral retraction), samuwar katako da kuma jan launi a ƙarƙashin fata (myxedema).

Ana yin jiyya tare da kula da matakan hormone na thyroid, tare da magunguna kamar Propiltiouracil ko Metimazole, misali, ko tare da iodine na rediyoaktif.Duba ƙarin cikakkun bayanai game da alamun cutar da maganin wannan cutar anan.

7. Hanyar nodroid

Ba koyaushe ake gano dalilin bayyanar kumburin ciki ko nodule a cikin thyroid ba. Akwai nau'ikan nodules da yawa a cikin kwayar, kuma abin farin ciki mafi yawansu ba su da kyau, kuma suna iya gabatarwa ta wani dunkule a cikin gaban wuyan wuya, wanda ba ya haifar da ciwo, amma ana iya gani lokacin da mutum ya hadiye abinci, don misali.

Ana iya gano shi ta hanyar bugun zuciya, da gwaje-gwaje kamar su duban dan tayi, daukar hoto da maganin kaikayin ka, kuma wani lokacin likita na iya yin odar biopsy don gano nau'inta da kuma rashin lafiya ko mara kyau. Gabaɗaya, ana lura da nodule kawai, sai dai idan mutum yana da alamomi, lokacin da akwai haɗarin cutar kansa ko kuma lokacin da nodule ya canza kamanninsa ko ya girma sama da 1 cm. Duba ƙarin cikakkun bayanai ta danna nan.

8. Ciwon kanjamau

Yana da mummunan cututtukan thyroid, kuma lokacin da aka gano shi, ya kamata a gudanar da gwaje-gwaje, kamar su jiki gabaɗaya don bincika ko sauran sassan jikin sun kamu. Ana yin maganin tare da cirewar maganin ta hanyar aikin tiyata, kuma ana iya bukatar wasu hanyoyin kwantar da hankali kamar amfani da iodine na rediyo, misali. A cikin yanayin cututtukan da suka fi tsanani da haɗari, ana iya amfani da radiotherapy. Duba alamomi guda 7 da zasu iya nuna cutar kansa.

Hakanan kalli bidiyo mai zuwa kuma koya irin abincin da zaku ci yayin maganin kansar thyroid:

Yadda za a gano matsalolin thyroid

Gwajin da zai iya nuna kasancewar canjin ka shine kimar T3, T4 da TSH a cikin jini, ban da wasu kamar su antibody auna, duban dan tayi, scintigraphy ko biopsy, wanda zai iya ba da umarni daga likitan ilimin likitanci don yayi bincike mai kyau dalilin don canje-canje. Ara koyo game da gwaje-gwajen da ke kimanta cutar thyroid.