Menene kalubalantar rikicewar adawa (TOD)
Wadatacce
Rashin tsayayyar cuta, wanda aka fi sani da TOD, galibi yana faruwa ne a lokacin ƙuruciya, kuma yana da halaye masu yawa na fushi, zafin rai, ramuwar gayya, ƙalubale, tsokana, rashin biyayya ko jin haushi, misali.
Magunguna galibi sun haɗa da zaman ƙwaƙwalwa da horo na iyaye don su iya magance cutar da kyau. Bugu da ƙari, a wasu lokuta, yin amfani da magani na iya zama mai adalci, wanda dole ne likitan ilimin likita ya tsara shi.
Menene alamun
Hali da alamun da zasu iya bayyana ga yara tare da ƙalubalantar rikice-rikice sune:
- Tsanani;
- Rashin fushi;
- Rashin biyayya ga tsofaffi;
- Tsanani da rashin nutsuwa;
- Kalubalen dokokin;
- Bata wa wasu rai;
- Zargin wasu mutane da kuskurensu;
- Yi fushi,
- Kasancewa cikin fushi da saurin damuwa,
- Kasance mai zalunci da rama fansa.
Don a bincikar dashi tare da ƙalubalen rashin hamayya, yaron na iya bayyanar da symptomsan alamun.
Matsaloli da ka iya haddasawa
DSM-5 ya rarraba abubuwan haɗari don haɓaka ƙalubalantar rikice-rikicen rikice-rikice kamar kasancewa mai saurin yanayi, muhalli, halittar jini da ilimin lissafi.
Abubuwa masu saurin yanayi suna da alaƙa da matsalolin ƙa'idojin motsin rai kuma suna taimakawa wajen hango abin da ya faru na rashin lafiyar. Bugu da kari, abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli, kamar muhallin da aka shigar da yaro, masu alaka da nuna karfi, rashin dacewa ko halin ko in kula daga bangaren iyayen yara, suma suna taimakawa wajen ci gaban cutar.
Yadda ake ganewar asali
Dangane da DSM-5, ana iya bincikar TOD a cikin yara waɗanda ke bayyanar da alamomi sama da huɗu a cikin jerin masu zuwa, suna ɗaukar aƙalla watanni shida kuma tare da aƙalla mutum ɗaya wanda ba ɗan uwa ba:
- Rasa sanyin ka;
- Yana da damuwa ko sauƙin fusata;
- Ya yi fushi da fushi;
- Masu tambaya game da hukuma ko, game da yara da matasa, manya;
- Yana ƙalubalantar ko ƙi bin dokoki ko buƙatun masu iko;
- Yana bata ran wasu mutane da gangan;
- Laifin wasu saboda kuskurenku ko halayenku marasa kyau;
- Ya kasance mai rauni ko ramuwar gayya aƙalla sau biyu a cikin watanni shida da suka gabata.
Ya zama dole a tuna cewa ƙalubalantar rikice-rikicen adawa na iya zama sama da yin aiki ta hanyar ƙalubale ko jefa ƙararrawa, wanda ya zama ruwan dare ga yara, tun da halayyar adawa ta ɗan lokaci na iya zama wani ɓangare na haɓaka halaye na al'ada. Don haka, yana da mahimmanci iyaye, masu kulawa da masu ilmantarwa su sami damar bambance halin adawar na yau da kullun don ci gaban yaro, yayin da take samun ikon cin gashin kai, daga tsarin rashin ɗabi'a, wanda halaye na wuce gona da iri, mugunta ga mutane suka mamaye. , lalata dukiya, karya, gutsiri tsoma da rashin biyayya a koda yaushe.
Menene maganin
Maganin ƙalubalantar rikice-rikicen adawa na iya zama daban-daban kuma ya haɗa da inganta horar da iyaye, da nufin yin hulɗa da kyau tare da yaro da kuma jurewa maganin iyali don ba da tallafi da goyan baya ga dangi.
Bugu da ƙari, yaro na iya buƙatar zaman ilimin psychotherapy kuma, idan ya zaɓa, likitan hauka na iya ba da umarnin antipsychotic ko ƙwayoyin neuroleptic, kamar risperidone, quetiapine ko aripiprazole, masu daidaita yanayin, kamar lithium carbonate, sodium divalproate, carbamazepine ko topiramate, antidepressants , kamar su fluoxetine, sertraline, paroxetine, citalopram, escitalopram ko venlafaxine da / ko psychostimulants don maganin ADHD, saboda yawan haɗuwa da TOD, kamar methylphenidate.
Ara koyo game da Rashin Dearfafa Rashin pewarewar Hankali (ADHD).