Crohn cuta

Cutar Crohn wata cuta ce inda wasu sassan narkar da abinci suka zama kumburi.

• Mafi yawanci yakan shafi ƙarshen ƙarshen karamar hanji da farkon babban hanji.
• Hakanan yana iya faruwa a kowane bangare na tsarin narkewar abinci daga baki zuwa karshen dubura (dubura).

Cutar Crohn wani nau'i ne na cututtukan hanji (IBD).

Cutar miki ita ce yanayin da ke da alaƙa.

Ba a san ainihin dalilin cutar ta Crohn ba. Yana faruwa ne lokacinda garkuwar jikinka ta kuskure ta afkawa da lalata lafiyayyen kayan jikin (rashin lafiyar autoimmune).

Lokacin da sassan sassan narkewar abinci suka kumbura ko suka kumbura, sai ganuwar hanji tayi kauri.

Abubuwan da zasu iya taka rawa a cikin cutar Crohn sun haɗa da:

• Kwayar ku da tarihin ku. (Mutanen da suka yi fari ko na asalin yahudawan gabashin Turai suna cikin haɗari mafi girma.)
• Abubuwan da suka shafi muhalli.
• Jikin jikinka ya wuce gona da iri ga kwayoyin cuta na cikin hanji.
• Shan taba.

Cutar Crohn na iya faruwa a kowane zamani. Mafi yawanci yana faruwa ne tsakanin mutane tsakanin shekaru 15 zuwa 35.

Kwayar cutar ta dogara da ɓangaren ɓangaren narkewar abinci da ke ciki. Kwayar cututtukan suna farawa daga mara nauyi zuwa mai tsanani, kuma suna iya zuwa da tafiya, tare da lokutan farawar wuta.

Babban alamun cututtukan Crohn sune:

• Jin zafi a cikin ciki (yankin ciki).
• Zazzaɓi.
• Gajiya.
• Rashin ci da kuma rage kiba.
• Jin cewa kana buƙatar wuce ɗakuna, duk da cewa hanjin ka ya riga ya fanko. Yana iya haɗawa da wahala, zafi, da kuma matsi.
• Zawo na ruwa, wanda zai iya zama jini.

Sauran cututtuka na iya haɗawa da:

• Maƙarƙashiya
• Ciwo ko kumburi a cikin idanu
• Zubawar aljihu, gamsai, ko kuma tabo daga kewayen dubura ko dubura (sanadiyyar wani abu da ake kira fistula)
• Hadin gwiwa da kumburi
• Ciwon marurai
• Zuban jini na bayan jini da kuma tabon jini
• Danko da ya kumbura
• Mai taushi, kumburi ja (nodules) a ƙarƙashin fata, wanda ka iya zama ulce na fata

Gwajin jiki na iya nuna taro ko taushi a cikin ciki, kumburin fata, kumburin mahaɗa, ko marurai na baki.

Gwaje-gwajen don tantance cutar Crohn sun haɗa da:

• Barium enema ko jerin GI na sama (gastrointestinal)
• Ciwon ciki ko sigmoidoscopy
• CT scan na ciki
• Osaramin maganin ƙwaƙwalwa
• MRI na ciki
• Kwayar cuta
• MR enterography

Za'a iya yin al'adar bahaya don hana wasu abubuwan da ke haifar da alamun cutar.

Wannan cutar na iya canza sakamakon sakamakon gwaje-gwaje masu zuwa:

• Albananan matakin albumin
• Babban adadin kuɗi
• Vatedaukaka CRP
  
• Mai kiba
• Countananan ƙidayar jini (haemoglobin da hematocrit)
• Gwajin jinin hanta mara kyau
• Whiteididdigar ƙwayoyin farin jini mai yawa
• Vatedaukaka ƙarancin calprotectin a cikin kujeru

Nasihu don kula da cutar Crohn a gida:

Abincin Abinci da Abinci

Ya kamata ku ci ingantaccen abinci mai kyau. Enoughara wadataccen adadin kuzari, furotin, da abubuwan gina jiki daga yawancin rukunin abinci.

Babu wani takamaiman abinci da aka nuna don inganta alamun Crohn mafi kyau ko mafi muni. Ire-iren matsalolin abinci na iya bambanta daga mutum zuwa mutum.

Wasu abinci na iya haifar da gudawa da gas. Don taimakawa sauƙaƙe bayyanar cututtuka, gwada:

• Cin abinci kaɗan a cikin yini.
• Shan ruwa da yawa (sha sau da yawa a rana).
• Gujewa abinci mai yawan fiber (bran, wake, kwaya, tsaba, da popcorn).
• Gujewa mai mai, maiko ko soyayyen abinci da biredi (butter, margarine, da cream mai nauyi).
• Iyakance kayan kiwo idan kuna da matsalar narkewar mai. Gwada cuku mai ƙananan lactose, irin su Switzerland da cheddar, da samfurin enzyme, irin su Lactaid, don taimakawa lalacewar lactose.
• Gujewa abincin da kuka sani yana haifar da gas, kamar su wake da kayan lambu a cikin dangin kabeji, kamar broccoli.
• Gujewa abinci mai yaji.

Tambayi mai ba ku kiwon lafiya game da karin bitamin da ma'adanai da kuke buƙata, kamar su:

• Ironarin ƙarfe (idan kuna rashin jini).
• Calcium da bitamin D sunadaɗa don taimakawa kasusuwa ƙarfi.
• Vitamin B12 don hana karancin jini, musamman idan an cire ƙarshen ƙaramin (ileum).

Idan kana da tsarin gyaran jiki, akwai buƙatar ka koya:

• Canjin abinci
• Yadda zaka canza 'yar jakar ka
• Yadda za a kula da stoma

DAMU

Kuna iya jin damuwa, jin kunya, ko ma baƙin ciki da baƙin ciki game da ciwon hanji. Sauran abubuwan damuwa a rayuwarku, kamar motsi, rasa aiki, ko rashin ƙaunataccen na iya ƙara matsalar narkewar abinci.

Tambayi mai ba ku shawarwari kan yadda zaku sarrafa damuwar ku.

MAGUNGUNA

Kuna iya shan magani don magance mummunan gudawa. Loperamide (Imodium) ana iya sayan shi ba tare da takardar sayan magani ba. Koyaushe yi magana da mai ba da sabis kafin amfani da waɗannan ƙwayoyi.

Sauran magunguna don taimakawa tare da bayyanar cututtuka sun haɗa da:

• Farin fiber, kamar su psyllium powder (Metamucil) ko methylcellulose (Citrucel). Tambayi mai ba ku sabis kafin ɗaukar waɗannan samfura ko kayan shafawa.
• Acetaminophen (Tylenol) don ciwo mai rauni. Guji ƙwayoyi irin su aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), ko naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn) wanda zai iya sanya alamun ka su yi muni.

Mai ba da sabis ɗinku na iya ƙayyade magunguna don taimakawa wajen magance cututtukan Crohn:

• Aminosalicylates (5-ASAs), magunguna waɗanda ke taimakawa wajen sarrafa alamomin marasa ƙarfi zuwa matsakaita. Wasu nau'ikan maganin suna shan baki, wasu kuma dole a basu ta dubura.
• Corticosteroids, kamar prednisone, suna magance matsakaiciyar cuta mai tsanani na Crohn. Ana iya ɗaukar su ta baki ko a saka su a cikin duburar.
• Magunguna waɗanda ke sanya nutsuwa akan tsarin garkuwar jiki.
• Magungunan rigakafi don magance ƙura ko fistulas.
• Magungunan rigakafi irin su Imuran, 6-MP, da sauransu don kauce wa amfani da corticosteroids na dogon lokaci.
• Ana iya amfani da maganin ilimin halittu don tsananin cutar Crohn wacce ba ta amsa kowane nau'in magunguna.

Tiyata

Wasu mutanen da ke da cutar Crohn na iya buƙatar tiyata don cire ɓarna ko cuta a hanjin. A wasu lokuta, ana cire dukkan hanjin cikin, tare da ko ba tare da dubura ba.

Mutanen da ke da cutar Crohn wacce ba ta amsa magunguna na iya buƙatar tiyata don magance matsaloli kamar:

• Zuban jini
• Rashin girma (a cikin yara)
• Fistulas (haɗin mahaifa tsakanin hanji da wani yanki na jiki)
• Cututtuka
• Kunkuntar hanji

Yin aikin tiyata da za a iya yi sun haɗa da:

• Gyara gida
• Cire wani bangare na babban hanji ko karamar hanji
• Cire babban hanji zuwa dubura
• Cire babban hanji da mafi yawan dubura

Gidauniyar Crohn's da Colitis ta Amurka tana ba da ƙungiyoyin tallafi a duk faɗin Amurka - www.crohnscolitisfoundation.org

Babu magani don cutar Crohn. Yanayin yana da alama ta lokutan ingantawa tare da saurin bayyanar cututtuka. Ba za a iya warkar da cutar Crohn ba, ko da tiyata. Amma maganin tiyata na iya ba da babban taimako.

Kuna da haɗarin ƙananan ƙananan hanji da ciwon hanji idan kuna da cutar Crohn. Mai ba ku sabis na iya ba da shawarar gwaje-gwaje don auna kansar kansa. Ana ba da shawarar sau da yawa idan ka kamu da cutar Crohn wanda ke tattare da hanji tsawon shekara 8 ko fiye.

Waɗanda ke da cutar Crohn mai tsanani na iya samun waɗannan matsalolin:

• Cessunƙara ko kamuwa da cuta a cikin hanjin
• Anemia, rashin jajayen ƙwayoyin jini
• Toshewar hanji
• Fistulas a cikin mafitsara, fata, ko farji
• Raunin jinkiri da haɓaka cikin yara
• Kumburin gidajen abinci
• Rashin muhimman abubuwan gina jiki, kamar su bitamin B12 da baƙin ƙarfe
• Matsaloli tare da kiyaye nauyin lafiya
• Kumburin bututun bile (cutar sclerosing cholangitis ta farko)
• Raunin fata, kamar pyoderma gangrenosum

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan kun:

• Yi mummunan ciwon ciki
• Ba za a iya sarrafa zawo tare da canjin abinci da kwayoyi ba
• Yi nauyi, ko yaro baya samun nauyi
• Yi jini na dubura, magudanun ruwa, ko ciwon
• Yi zazzaɓi wanda ya ɗauki sama da kwanaki 2 ko 3, ko zazzabi ya fi 100.4 ° F (38 ° C) ba tare da ciwo ba
• Ciwan ciki da amai wanda ya wuce fiye da yini guda
• Ciwon fata wanda baya warkewa
• Yi ciwon haɗin gwiwa wanda zai hana ku yin ayyukanku na yau da kullun
• Yi tasiri daga magungunan da kuke sha don yanayinku

Cutar Crohn; Ciwon hanji mai kumburi - Cutar Crohn; Shigowar yanki; Ileitis; Granulomatous ileocolitis; IBD - Crohn cuta

• Abincin Bland
• Maƙarƙashiya - abin da za a tambayi likita
• Crohn cuta - fitarwa
• Gudawa - abin da za ka tambayi mai ba ka kiwon lafiya - baligi
• Ileostomy da ɗanka
• Lissafin abinci da abincinku
• Kulawa - kula da cutar ku
• Ileostomy - canza aljihun ku
• Ileostomy - fitarwa
• Abincin gida - abin da za a tambayi likitan ku
• Babban yankewar hanji - fitarwa
• Rayuwa tare da gadonka
• Abincin mai ƙananan fiber
• Ctionaramar cirewar hanji - fitarwa
• Ire-iren gyaran jiki

• Tsarin narkewa
• Crohn cuta - X-ray
• Ciwon hanji mai kumburi
• Ciwan fistulas
• Cututtukan Crohn - wuraren da abin ya shafa
• Ciwan ulcer
• Ciwon hanji mai kumburi - jerin

Le Leannec IC, Wick E. Gudanar da cutar ta Crohn. A cikin: Cameron AM, Cameron JL, eds. Far Mashi na Yanzu. 13th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: 185-189.

Lichtenstein GR. Ciwon hanji mai kumburi. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 132.

Lichtenstein GR, Loftus EV, Isaacs KL, Regueiro MD, Gerson LB, Sands BE. ACG Clinical Guideline: Gudanar da cutar Crohn a cikin manya. Am J Gastroenterol. 2018; 113 (4): 481-517. PMID: 29610508 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29610508.

Mahmud NN, Bleier JIS, Aarons CB, Paulson EC, Shanmugan S, Fry RD. Gashin ciki da dubura. A cikin: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, eds. Littafin Sabiston na tiyata. 20th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2017: babi na 51.

Sandborn WJ. Hnimar cutar Crohn da magani: kayan yanke shawara na asibiti. Gastroenterology. 2014; 147 (3): 702-705. PMID: 25046160 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25046160.

Sands BE, Siegel CA. Cutar Crohn. A cikin: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger da Cututtukan Cutar hanta da na Fordtran. 10 ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: babi na 115.