Hemochromatosis

Hemochromatosis shine yanayin da baƙin ƙarfe yayi yawa a jiki. Hakanan ana kiransa ƙarfe mai nauyi.

Hemochromatosis na iya zama cututtukan kwayar halitta da aka ratsa ta cikin dangi.

• Mutanen da ke da irin wannan suna sha ƙarfe da yawa ta hanyar hanyar narkewar abinci. Ironarfe yana ƙaruwa a jiki. Hanta, zuciya, da kuma pancreas gabbai ne na gari inda baƙin ƙarfe ke haɓaka.
• Ya kasance a lokacin haihuwa, amma ƙila ba za a iya gano shi tsawon shekaru ba.

Hemochromatosis kuma na iya faruwa sakamakon:

• Sauran cututtukan jini, kamar thalassaemia ko wasu anemias. Yin ƙarin jini da yawa a kan lokaci na iya haifar da yawan ƙarfe.
• Amfani da giya na dogon lokaci da sauran yanayin kiwon lafiya.

Wannan cuta ta fi shafar maza fiye da mata. Abu ne na gama gari a cikin fararen fata 'yan asalin arewacin Turai.

Kwayar cutar na iya haɗawa da ɗayan masu zuwa:

• Ciwon ciki
• Gajiya, rashin kuzari, rauni
• Darkaramar launi ta fata (wanda ake kira da tagulla)
• Hadin gwiwa
• Rashin gashin jiki
• Rashin sha'awar jima'i
• Rage nauyi

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki. Wannan na iya nuna hanta da kumburin ciki, da canza launin fata.

Gwajin jini na iya taimakawa wajen ganewar asali. Gwaje-gwaje na iya haɗawa da:

• Matsayin Ferritin
• Matakan ƙarfe
• Kashi na canja wurin jikewa (babba)
• Gwajin kwayoyin halitta

Sauran gwaje-gwaje na iya haɗawa da:

• Mizanin jini (glucose)
• Alpha furotin
• Echocardiogram don nazarin aikin zuciya
• Electrocardiogram (ECG) don kallon aikin lantarki na zuciya
• Gwajin hoto kamar CT scans, MRI, da duban dan tayi
• Gwajin aikin hanta

Ana iya tabbatar da yanayin tare da biopsy na hanta ko gwajin kwayar halitta. Idan aka tabbatar da larurar kwayar halitta, ana iya amfani da sauran gwaje-gwajen jini don gano ko sauran dangin na cikin hadari don yawan ƙarfe.

Manufar magani ita ce cire baƙin ƙarfe daga jiki kuma a magance duk wani lahani na gabobi.

Hanyar da ake kira phlebotomy ita ce hanya mafi kyau don cire baƙin ƙarfe daga jiki:

• Ana cire rabin lita na jini daga jiki kowane mako har sai da karfen ƙarfe na jiki sun ƙare. Wannan na iya ɗaukar watanni da yawa don yi.
• Bayan haka, ana iya yin aikin sau da yawa don kiyaye adon ƙarfe na yau da kullun.

Me yasa ake buƙatar aikin ya dogara da alamunku da matakan haemoglobin da magani ferritin da kuma yawan ƙarfe da kuke ɗauka a cikin abincinku.

Sauran matsalolin kiwon lafiya kamar su ciwon suga, rage matakan testosterone a maza, amosanin gabbai, hanta gazawa, da kuma gazawar zuciya za'a magance su.

Idan an gano ku tare da hemochromatosis, mai ba da sabis ɗinku na iya ba da shawarar rage cin abinci don rage yawan ƙarfe da ake sha ta yankin narkar da abinci. Mai ba da sabis naka na iya ba da shawarar mai zuwa:

• Kar a sha giya, musamman idan kana da lahani a hanta.
• Kada ku sha ƙwayoyin baƙin ƙarfe ko bitamin da ke dauke da baƙin ƙarfe.
• Kar ayi amfani da kayan girkin ƙarfe.
• Iyakance abinci mai ƙarfi da baƙin ƙarfe, kamar su 100% hatsin karin kumallo mai ƙarfin ƙarfe.

Ba tare da magani ba, yawan ƙarfe na iya haifar da lalacewar hanta.

Ironarin baƙin ƙarfe na iya yin ɗimuwa a wasu sassan jiki, gami da glandar thyroid, ƙwarjiyoyin ciki, ƙoshin mara, gland, pituitary, gland, zuciya. Jiyya na farko na iya taimakawa wajen hana rikitarwa kamar cutar hanta, cututtukan zuciya, amosanin gabbai ko ciwon sukari.

Ta yaya za ku yi kyau ya dogara da yawan lalacewar gabobi. Wasu lalacewar gabobi na iya juyawa lokacin da aka gano hemochromatosis da wuri kuma aka bi da su da karfi tare da phlebotomy.

Matsalolin sun hada da:

• Ciwan hanta
• Rashin hanta
• Ciwon hanta

Cutar na iya haifar da ci gaban:

• Amosanin gabbai
• Ciwon suga
• Matsalar zuciya
• Riskarin haɗari ga wasu cututtukan ƙwayoyin cuta
• Atrophy na gwaji
• Canjin launin fata

Kira mai ba ku sabis idan alamun bayyanar cututtukan hemochromatosis ya ci gaba.

Kira don alƙawari tare da mai ba da sabis (don nunawa) idan an gano wani ɗan uwa da hemochromatosis.

Gwajin dangin mutumin da aka gano yana dauke da cutar hemochromatosis na iya gano cutar da wuri don a fara jinya kafin lalacewar gabobi a cikin sauran dangin da abin ya shafa.

Overarfe ƙarfe; Karin jini - hemochromatosis

• Harshen ciki

Naman alade BR, Fleming RE. Hemochromatosis. A cikin: Feldman M, Friedman LS, Brandt LJ, eds. Sleisenger da cututtukan hanta da cutar Fordtran: Pathophysiology / Diagnosis / Management. 11th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: babi na 75.

Brittenham GM. Cutar baƙin ƙarfe homeostasis: ƙarancin ƙarfe da obalodi. A cikin: Hoffman R, Benz EJ, Silberstein LE, et al, eds. Hematology: Ka'idoji da Aiki. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 36.