Magunguna don osteoporosis

Osteoporosis cuta ce da ke sa kasusuwa su zama masu saurin yin rauni kuma zasu iya karaya (karya). Tare da osteoporosis, kasusuwa sun rasa yawa. Densityarfin ƙashi shine adadin ƙwayar ƙashi wanda yake cikin ƙashinku.

Kwararka na iya tsara wasu magunguna don taimakawa ƙananan haɗarin karaya. Wadannan magunguna na iya sanya kasusuwa a cikin kwatangwalo, kashin baya, da sauran wuraren da ba za su iya karya ba.

Kwararka na iya ba da umarnin magunguna lokacin da:

• Gwajin ƙarfin kashi yana nuna kuna da osteoporosis, koda kuwa baku taɓa samun karaya ba a baya, amma haɗarin rauninku yana da yawa.
• Kuna da karayar kashi, kuma gwajin yawaitar kashi yana nuna kuna da siriri fiye da ƙasusuwa na al'ada, amma ba osteoporosis ba.
• Kuna da karayar kashi da ke faruwa ba tare da wata babbar rauni ba.

Bisphosphonates sune manyan magunguna waɗanda ake amfani dasu don kariya da magance raunin ƙashi. Sau da yawa ana ɗaukar su ta baki. Kuna iya shan kwaya sau ɗaya a mako ko sau ɗaya a wata. Hakanan kuna iya samun bisphosphonates ta jijiya (IV). Mafi sau da yawa ana yin wannan sau ɗaya ko sau biyu a shekara.

Illolin yau da kullun tare da bisphosphonates waɗanda aka ɗauka ta bakin su zafi ne, tashin zuciya, da ciwo a cikin ciki. Lokacin da kuka ɗauki bisphosphonates:

• Auke su a cikin komai a ciki da safe tare da oza 6 zuwa 8 (oz), ko 200 zuwa 250 milliliters (mL), na ruwan sha (ba ruwan carbonated ko juice).
• Bayan shan kwaya, zauna a tsaye ko a tsaye na aƙalla minti 30.
• Kar a ci ko a sha na a kalla minti 30 zuwa 60.

Kadan sakamako masu illa sune:

• Calciumananan ƙwayar alli
• Wani nau'i na kashin-kafa (femur) karaya
• Lalacewa ga kashin muƙamuƙi
• Azumi, bugun zuciya mara kyau (atr fibrillation)

Likitanku na iya dakatar da shan wannan magani bayan kimanin shekaru 5. Yin hakan yana rage haɗarin wasu illoli. Wannan shi ake kira hutun shan magani.

Hakanan za'a iya amfani da Raloxifene (Evista) don hanawa da magance cutar sanyin ƙashi.

• Zai iya rage haɗarin fashewar kashin baya, amma ba wasu nau'ikan karaya ba.
• Illolin dake tattare da cutarwa shine karamin haɗarin cizon jini a jijiyoyin kafa ko huhu.
• Wannan magani na iya taimakawa rage haɗarin cututtukan zuciya da kansar mama.
• Sauran masu amfani da isrogen masu karɓar isrogen (SERMs) ana amfani dasu don magance osteoporosis.

Denosumab (Prolia) magani ne mai hana kasusuwa zama masu saurin lalacewa. Wannan magani:

• Ana yin allura a kowane watanni 6.
• Zai iya kara yawan kashi fiye da bisphosphonates.
• Gabaɗaya ba magani ne na farko ba.
• Zai iya zama kyakkyawan zaɓi ga mutanen da ke da rauni da garkuwar jiki ko waɗanda ke shan magunguna waɗanda ke shafar tsarin na rigakafi.

Teriparatide (Forteo) wani nau'ine ne wanda aka kirkira dashi na parathyroid hormone. Wannan magani:

• Zai iya ƙara yawan ƙashi da rage haɗarin karaya.
• Ana ba da shi azaman allura a ƙarƙashin fata a gida, sau da yawa kowace rana.
• Ba ze da alamun illa mai tsawo ba, amma na iya haifar da jiri, jiri, ko ciwon ƙafa.

Estrogen, ko maganin maye gurbin hormone (HRT). Wannan magani:

• Yana da matukar tasiri wajen hanawa da magance cutar sanyin ƙashi.
• Shin shine maganin osteoporosis wanda akafi amfani dashi tsawon shekaru. Amfani da shi ya ragu saboda damuwa cewa wannan maganin ya haifar da cututtukan zuciya, kansar mama, da toshewar jini.
• Shin har yanzu kyakkyawan zaɓi ne ga ƙananan mata da yawa (shekaru 50 zuwa 60). Idan mace tana shan estrogen tuni, dole ita da likitanta su tattauna haɗari da fa'idar yin hakan.

Romosuzomab (Maraice) yana niyya akan hanyar hormone a cikin ƙashin da ake kira sclerostin. Wannan magani:

• Ana ba shi kowane wata azaman allura a ƙarƙashin fata na shekara guda.
• Yana da tasiri wajen kara yawan kashi.
• Zai iya sa matakan alli yayi ƙasa ƙwarai.
• Zai yiwu yiwuwar haɓaka haɗarin bugun zuciya da bugun jini.

Parathyroid hormone

• Ana ba da wannan maganin azaman ɗaukar hoto yau da kullun ƙarƙashin fata. Likitan ku ko kuma m za su koya muku yadda za ku ba da kanku waɗannan hotunan a gida.
• Parathyroid hormone yana aiki mafi kyau idan baku taɓa shan bisphosphonates ba.

Calcitonin magani ne wanda ke rage saurin asarar kashi. Wannan magani:

• Wani lokacin ana amfani dashi bayan karayar kashi saboda yana rage radadin kashin.
• Ba shi da tasiri sosai fiye da bisphosphonates.
• Yana zuwa kamar fesa hanci ko allura.

Kira likitan ku don waɗannan alamun bayyanar ko sakamako masu illa:

• Ciwon kirji, ƙwannafi, ko matsalolin haɗiye
• Tashin zuciya da amai
• Jini a cikin shimfidar ku
• Kumburi, zafi, ja a ɗayan ƙafafunku
• Saurin zuciya ya buga
• Rushewar fata
• Jin zafi a cinya ko cinya
• Jin zafi a cikin muƙamuƙin ku

Alendronate (Fosamax); Ibandronate (Boniva); Risedronate (Actonel); Zoledronic acid (Reclast); Raloxifene (Evista); Teriparatide (Forteo); Denosumab (Prolia); Romosozumab (Maraice); Boneananan ƙananan kashi - magunguna; Osteoporosis - magunguna

• Osteoporosis

De Paula FJA, Black DM, Rosen CJ. Osteoporosis: asali da asibiti. A cikin: Melmed S, Auchus RJ, Goldfine AB, Koenig RJ, Rosen CJ, eds. Littafin Williams na Endocrinology. 14th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 30.

Eastell R, Rosen CJ, Black DM, Cheung AM, Murad MH, Shoback D. Gudanar da ilimin kimiyyar maganin cututtukan osteoporosis a cikin mata masu auren mata: an Endocrine Society * Clinic Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2019; 104 (5): 1595-1622. PMID: 30907953 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30907953/.

• Osteoporosis