Ciwon sankara na sankara

Cutar sankarau cuta ce ta membran da ke rufe kwakwalwa da laka. Ana kiran wannan suturar meninges.

Kwayar cuta kwayar cuta ce wacce take iya haifar da cutar sankarau. Kwayoyin cututtukan staphylococcal nau'ikan kwayoyin cuta ne wadanda ke haifar da cutar sankarau.

Stiphylococcus kwayoyin cuta ne ke haifar da sankarau na sankarau. Lokacin da ya haifar da Staphylococcus aureus ko Staphylococcus cututtukan fata kwayoyin cuta, yawanci yana tasowa azaman matsalar tiyata ko kuma kamuwa da cuta wanda ke yaduwa ta cikin jini daga wani shafin.

Hanyoyin haɗari sun haɗa da:

• Cututtuka na bawul na zuciya
• Cutar da ta gabata ta kwakwalwa
• Cutar sankarau da ta gabata saboda santsin ruwan kashin baya
• Yin aikin tiyata a kwanannan
• Kasancewar wata jijiya ta kashin baya
• Rauni

Kwayar cutar na iya zuwa da sauri, kuma sun haɗa da:

• Zazzabi da sanyi
• Halin tunanin mutum ya canza
• Tashin zuciya da amai
• Haskakawa zuwa haske (photophobia)
• Tsananin ciwon kai
• Wuya wuya

Sauran alamun da zasu iya faruwa tare da wannan cuta:

• Gaggawa
• Bulging fontanelles a cikin jarirai
• Rage jijjiga
• Rashin ciyarwa ko rashin haushi a cikin yara
• Saurin numfashi
• Halin da ba a saba gani ba, tare da kai da wuya a baya (opisthotonos)

Mai ba da sabis na kiwon lafiya zai yi gwajin jiki. Tambayoyi za su mai da hankali kan alamomi da abubuwan haɗari.

Idan likita yana tsammanin cutar sankarau na iya yiwuwa, ana yin hujin lumbar ne (kashin baya) don cire samfurin ruwan kashin baya don gwaji. Idan kana da jijiyoyin jijiyoyin jini, za'a iya daukar samfurin daga wannan maimakon.

Gwaje-gwaje na iya haɗawa da:

• Al'adar jini
• Kirjin x-ray
• CT scan na kai
• Gram tabo, sauran tabo na musamman, da al'adun CSF

Za a fara maganin rigakafi da wuri-wuri. Vancomycin shine zaɓi na farko don cutar sankarau da ake zargi staphylococcal. Ana amfani da Nafcillin lokacin da gwaje-gwaje suka nuna cewa ƙwayoyin cuta suna da damuwa da wannan kwayoyin.

Sau da yawa, magani zai haɗa da bincika, da cire, hanyoyin samun ƙwayoyin cuta a jiki. Waɗannan sun haɗa da shunts ko bawul na zuciya.

Jiyya na farko yana inganta sakamakon. Koyaya, wasu mutane basu tsira ba. Childrenananan yara da manya sama da shekaru 50 suna da haɗarin mutuwa.

Cutar sankarau ta Staphylococcal sau da yawa yakan inganta da sauri, tare da ƙananan rikice-rikice, idan an cire asalin cutar. Tushen na iya haɗawa da shunts, kayan aiki a haɗuwa, ko ƙirar zuciya ta wucin gadi.

Matsaloli na dogon lokaci na iya haɗawa da:

• Lalacewar kwakwalwa
• Ruwan ruwa tsakanin kwanyar da kwakwalwa (subdural effusion)
• Ruwan ruwa a cikin kokon kai wanda ke haifar da kumburin kwakwalwa (hydrocephalus)
• Rashin ji
• Kamawa
• Ciwon ƙwayar cuta a wani yanki na jiki

Kira 911 ko lambar gaggawa na cikin gida ko zuwa ɗakin gaggawa idan kuna tsammanin meningitis a cikin ƙaramin yaro wanda ke da alamun bayyanar:

• Matsalar ciyarwa
• Babban kuka
• Rashin fushi
• M, zazzabi mara bayani

Cutar sankarau na saurin zama cuta mai barazanar rai.

A cikin mutane masu haɗarin gaske, shan maganin rigakafi kafin bincike ko hanyoyin tiyata na iya taimakawa rage haɗarin. Tattauna wannan tare da likitan ku.

Ciwon sankara na sankara

• Tsarin juyayi na tsakiya da tsarin juyayi na gefe
• Fididdigar ƙwayoyin CSF

Cibiyoyin Kula da Cututtuka da Rigakafin yanar gizo. Ciwon sankarau na kwayan cuta. www.cdc.gov/meningitis/bacterial.html. An sabunta Agusta 6, 2019. An shiga Disamba 1, 2020.

Nath A. Cutar sankarau: kwayar cuta, kwayar cuta, da sauran su. A cikin: Goldman L, Schafer AI, eds. Magungunan Goldman-Cecil. 26th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 384.

Hasbun R, Van de Beek D, Brouwer MC, Tunkel AR. Cutar sankarau mai saurin gaske. A cikin: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, eds. Mandell, Douglas, da Ka'idojin Bennett da Aiwatar da Cututtukan Cutar. 9th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: babi na 87.