Vitiligo
Vitiligo yanayin fata ne wanda a cikinsa akwai asarar launi (launi) daga yankunan fata. Wannan yana haifar da farin faci mara daidaituwa wanda bashi da launi, amma fatar tana jin kamar al'ada.
Vitiligo yana faruwa yayin da kwayoyin rigakafi suka lalata ƙwayoyin da suke sanya launin ruwan kasa (melanocytes). Ana zaton wannan lalacewar ta kasance ne sanadiyar matsalar cutar kansa. Rashin lafiyar jiki yana faruwa ne lokacin da tsarin garkuwar jiki, wanda a kullun yake kare jiki daga kamuwa da cuta, kai hari da lalata ƙwanjin lafiyayyen jiki maimakon. Ba a san ainihin dalilin vitiligo ba.
Vitiligo na iya bayyana a kowane zamani. Akwai ƙarin yanayin yanayin a cikin wasu iyalai.
Vitiligo yana da alaƙa da wasu cututtukan autoimmune:
- Addison cuta (cuta da ke faruwa lokacin da glandon adrenal ba su samar da isasshen hormones)
- Ciwon thyroid
- Anaemia mai raɗaɗi (raguwar ƙwayoyin jinin jini wanda ke faruwa lokacin da hanji ba zai iya ɗaukar bitamin B12 yadda ya kamata ba)
- Ciwon suga
Lebur wurare na al'ada-ji fata ba tare da wani pigment bayyana ba zato ba tsammani ko hankali. Wadannan yankuna suna da iyaka mafi duhu. An bayyana gefuna da kyau, amma mara tsari.
Vitiligo galibi yana shafar fuska, gwiwar hannu da gwiwoyi, baya na hannu da ƙafa, da al'aura. Yana shafar bangarorin biyu na jiki daidai.
Vitiligo ya fi zama sananne a cikin mutane masu launin fata saboda bambancin farin faci da fata mai duhu.
Babu wasu canje-canje na fata da ke faruwa.
Mai ba da lafiyar ku na iya bincika fatar ku don tabbatar da cutar.
Wani lokaci, mai ba da sabis yana amfani da fitilar Itace. Wannan hasken ultraviolet ne na hannu wanda ke haifar da yankunan fata tare da ƙananan launi don haske mai haske.
A wasu lokuta, ana iya buƙatar biopsy na fata don kawar da wasu dalilai na asarar launi. Hakanan mai ba da sabis naka na iya yin gwajin jini don bincika matakan thyroid ko wasu kwayoyin hormones, matakin glucose, da bitamin B12 don yin sarauta da sauran rikice-rikice masu alaƙa.
Vitiligo yana da wahalar magani. Zaɓuɓɓukan magani na farko sun haɗa da masu zuwa:
- Phototherapy, wani aikin likita ne wanda fatar jikinka take bi a hankali zuwa iyakokin hasken ultraviolet. Ana iya ba da hoto ta hanyar shan magani ita kaɗai, ko kuma bayan an sha magani wanda zai sa fata ta kasance mai saurin haske. Wani likitan fata yayi wannan maganin.
- Wasu lasers na iya taimaka wa ƙyamar fata.
- Magungunan da ake shafawa a fata, kamar su corticosteroid creams ko mayukan shafawa, creams masu hana rigakafi ko shafawa kamar pimecrolimus (Elidel) da tacrolimus (Protopic), ko magunguna masu magani kamar methoxsalen (Oxsoralen) suma na iya taimakawa.
Fata za a iya motsawa (sanya ta) daga wuraren da ake yin launuka daban-daban kuma a ɗora su a kan wuraren da ke da asarar launuka.
Da yawa kayan shafawa ko fatar jiki na iya rufe vitiligo. Tambayi mai ba ku sunayen waɗannan kayayyakin.
A cikin yanayi mai tsauri idan yawancin jiki ya shafa, ragowar fatar da har yanzu ke da launin launin fata na iya zama bajintar, ko kuma baƙaƙe. Wannan canji ne na dindindin wanda ake amfani dashi azaman zaɓi na ƙarshe.
Yana da mahimmanci a tuna cewa fata ba tare da launi ba tana cikin haɗarin haɗarin rana. Tabbatar da amfani da faffadan bakan (UVA da UVB), mai kariya ta SPF mai haske ko katanga rana. Gilashin hasken rana na iya taimaka wajan sanya yanayin rashin kulawa sosai, saboda fatar da ba ta taɓa ba na iya yin duhu a rana. Yi amfani da wasu kariya daga bayyanar rana, kamar saka hular da ke da madaidaiciyar baki da babbar riga da wando mai dogon hannu.
Za a iya samun ƙarin bayani da tallafi ga mutanen da ke fama da yanayin vitiligo da danginsu a:
- Vitiligo Taimako na Duniya - vitiligosupport.org
Hanyar vitiligo ya bambanta kuma ba shi da tabbas. Wasu yankuna na iya dawo da launin launi na yau da kullun (canza launi), amma wasu sabbin yankuna na asarar launuka na iya bayyana. Fata da aka sake jujjuyawarta na iya zama mai ɗan haske ko duhu fiye da fata mai kewaye. Rashin hasara na iya zama mafi muni a tsawon lokaci.
Kira don alƙawari tare da mai ba ka sabis idan wuraren fatar jikinku suka rasa launukan su ba tare da dalili ba (misali, babu rauni ga fatar).
Rashin ƙwayar cuta ta jiki - vitiligo
- Vitiligo
- Vitiligo - maganin ƙwayoyi
- Vitiligo akan fuska
- Vitiligo akan baya da hannu
Dinulos JGH. Cututtuka masu nasaba da haske da rikicewar launi. A cikin: Dinulos JGH, ed. Habif’s Clinical Dermatology. 7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: babi na 19.
Passeron T, Ortonne JP. Vitiligo da sauran cututtukan hypopigmentation. A cikin: Bolognia JL, Schaffer JV, Cerroni L, eds. Dermatology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: babi na 66.
Patterson JW. Rashin lafiya na pigmentation. A cikin: Patterson JW, ed. Ilimin Lafiyar Weedon. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: babi na 11.